2 |
combustion code for
Otto 2-Stroke-Cycle Piston engines. |
|
British to American |
"A"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the Chevelle/El Camino line |
|
Around the world there are
some differences in the words used to describe things in the automotive
field. |
"B"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the full size cars including, Impala, Impala SS, Caprice, Belair,
Biscayne, etc. |
|
Accumulator = battery, car
battery |
"C"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the 2 wheel drive truck line |
|
Bonnet = hood |
"F"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the Camaro line |
|
Boot = trunk |
"G"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the Monte Carlo line |
|
Dynamo = generator |
"H"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the Vega/Monza line |
|
Earth wire = ground wire |
"K"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the 4 wheel drive truck line |
|
Follower or tappet = lifter
(tappet also used in the US, mostly in reference to the type of cam, i.e.
"flat tappet"). |
"X"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the Chevy II/Nova line |
|
Harmonic balancer/damper =
crankshaft pulley |
"Y"
Body |
The letter Chevrolet used
for the Corvette |
|
Inlet manifold = intake
manifold |
#1
condition |
A car in show condition or
perfect |
|
Lorry = truck |
#2
condition |
A car in excellent original
condition showing minor wear/use or one with a quality restoration |
|
Number plate = license
plate |
#3
condition |
A car that is a typical
driver in good condition |
|
Petrol = gasoline |
#4
condition |
A car that runs well and is
all there but considered a "beater" |
|
Saloon = "sedan"
or 4-door car |
#5
condition |
A basket case or a car that
is good for parts |
|
"Semi" = duplex,
duplex house; U.S. "semi" = tractor-trailer truck rig |
.030
Over |
A term used when an engines
cylinders have been enlarged or bored out .30 thousands of an inch over
stock; can also be .010, .020, etc |
|
Windscreen (automotive) =
windshield |
1
bbl |
One barrel carburetor |
|
Wing (older vehicles) =
fender, bumper |
1.
1G |
Ford 1st-Generation
alternator, which uses an external fan, a V-belt pulley, & a remote 5-pin
voltage regulator with grounded case to produce 35-90A, typically used on
carburetor engines until the mid-80s. Reliable, but weak. |
|
|
1st
generation Camaro |
A term used to identify
1967-1969 Camaro's |
|
|
2
bbl |
Two barrel carburetor |
|
|
2
SPD |
2 speed transmission |
|
|
2-cycle |
(slang) See
Two-Stroke Cycle. |
|
|
2G |
Ford 2nd-Generation
alternator, which uses an external fan & external 3-pin voltage regulator
to produce 60-100A, typically used on early fuel-injected engines from the
mid-80s to the early 90s. Famous for catching fire, usually due to a poor connection
at the rectifier. |
|
|
2nd
generation Camaro |
A term used to identify
1970-1981 Camaro's |
|
|
2-stroke |
(slang) See
Two-Stroke Cycle. |
|
|
2-stroke
cycle |
See Two-Stroke Cycle. |
|
|
2V |
1) 2 Valves per
cylinder; 2) 2 Venturi (barrel) (carburetor/vacuum). |
|
|
2WD |
2 Wheel drive |
|
|
2WD |
Two Wheel Drive. A
powertrain system which delivers engine power to only one axle (either front
or rear). AKA 4X2. Contrast RWD, AWD, FWD, 4WD. |
|
|
2X4 |
Two-four barrel carburetors
or 2 wheel drive |
|
|
3
duece's |
Three two barrel
carburetors |
|
|
3
SPD |
3 speed transmission |
|
|
3-2
Timing Solenoid (3-2TS) |
A device that
controls the timing valve. |
|
|
3G |
Ford 3rd-Generation
alternator, which uses an internal fan, multi-rib pulley, & external
3-pin voltage regulator (later versions only utilizing 2 of the pins) to
produce 90-130A, used from the early 90s to the early 00s with much success.
Noted for reliability & high output at all RPMs, and for being easy to
retrofit into older vehicles. |
|
|
3rd
generation Camaro |
A term used to identify
1982-1992 Camaro's |
|
|
3X2 |
Three two barrel
carburetors |
|
|
4
bbl |
Four barrel carburetor |
|
|
4
SPD |
4 speed transmission |
|
|
4-cycle |
(slang) See
Four-Stroke Cycle. |
|
|
4G |
Ford 4th-Generation
alternator, which uses an internal fan & 3-pin voltage regulator (only
utilizing 2 of the pins), and a multi-rib pulley to produce 90-130A, used
from the early 00s to the late 00s. |
|
|
4R100 |
4 speed, Rear wheel
drive, 1000 lb-ft, electronic transmission, formerly known as E4OD. |
|
|
4R44E |
4 speed, Rear wheel
drive, 440 lb-ft, Electronic transmission, derived from the C3/A4LD. |
|
|
4R55E |
4 speed, Rear wheel
drive, 550 lb-ft, Electronic transmission, derived from the C3/A4LD. |
|
|
4R70W |
4 speed, Rear wheel
drive, 700 lb-ft, Wide ratio electronic transmission, formerly known as AODE
and AODE-W. |
|
|
4-stroke |
(slang) See
Four-Stroke Cycle. |
|
|
4-stroke
cycle |
See Four-Stroke
Cycle. |
|
|
4th
generation Camaro |
A term used to identify
1993-present Camaro's |
|
|
4V |
1) 4 Valves per
cylinder; 2) 4 Venturi (barrel) (carburetor/vacuum). |
|
|
4WD |
4 Wheel drive |
|
|
4WD |
Four Wheel Drive. A
powertrain system which delivers engine power to differentials in both (front
& rear) axles. AKA 4X4. Contrast RWD, AWD, FWD, 2WD. |
|
|
4X2 |
See 2WD. |
|
|
4X4 |
Four wheel drive |
|
|
4X4 |
See 4WD. |
|
|
4x4
Low (4x4L) |
Indicates the 4x4 Low
range of the transfer case has been selected. |
|
|
4x4L |
4x4 Low. |
|
|
4x4x2 |
A power steering gear
box for early Broncos made from a '75-79 4WD case and early '80s 2WD
internals to get the proper direction. |
|
|
5G |
Ford 5th-Generation
alternator, which uses an internal fan & 3-pin voltage regulator under
PCM control, and a multi-rib 1-way clutched pulley to produce 100-150A, used
from the late 00s onward. |
|
|
5R110 |
5 speed, Rear wheel
drive, 1100 lb-ft electronic truck transmission, derived from the C6/E4OD. |
|
|
5R55W |
5 speed, Rear wheel
drive, 550 lb-ft, Wide-ratio electronic truck transmission, derived from the
C3/A4LD. |
|
|
5th
Wheel |
see Fifth Wheel. |
|
|
A |
1) Ampere; 2)
combustion code for Other |
|
|
A |
Amperes |
|
|
A.P.I. |
Amercian Petroleum
Institute |
|
|
A/C |
Air Conditioning. |
|
|
A/C |
Air Conditioning |
|
|
A/CL |
Air
Cleaner (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
A/CL
BI MET |
Air Cleaner
BiMetallic valve (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
A/CL
DV |
Air Cleaner Diverter
Valve (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
A/D |
Analog-to-Digital
signal conversion. |
|
|
A/F |
Air/Fuel Ratio |
|
|
A/R |
As required |
|
|
A/T |
Automatic
Transmission/Transaxle. |
|
|
A/T |
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle |
|
|
A-Arm |
A suspension strut
shaped like a horizontal "A", with the legs attached to the vehicle
frame & the top attached by a ball joint to the steering knuckle. |
|
|
ABRS |
Air Bag Restraint System |
|
|
ABS |
Anti lock brake system |
|
|
ABS |
1. Anti-lock Brake
System; 2. A sensor, signal or circuit which supplies rear axle speed data
either to the RABS (or RABS-II) module, the 4WABS module, the PSOM,
&/or the EEC (for electronic automatic transmission control &
return-to-idle). After processing by the 4WABS module &/or the PSOM, the
signal is also fed to the VSC & the Bronco overhead
console (for temperature adjustment); 3. A type of plastic. Compare
PVC. |
|
|
ABS |
Anti Lock Brakes |
|
|
Absolute
Pressure |
The pressure
referenced to a perfect vacuum. Contrast gauge pressure, which references
atmospheric pressure (~14.7psi above perfect vacuum). |
|
|
AC |
Alternating Current |
|
|
AC,
A.C. |
Air conditioning |
|
|
ACC |
Air Conditioning
Clutch. |
|
|
Accordion |
See Crumple Zone. |
|
|
ACCS |
Air Conditioning
Cycling Switch. |
|
|
ACCS |
A/C Cycling Switch |
|
|
ACCUM |
Accumulator |
|
|
ACCY |
Accessory |
|
|
ACD |
Air Conditioning
Demand. |
|
|
ACET |
Air Conditioning
Evaporator Temperature. AKA Evaporator Air Discharge Temperature |
|
|
ACON |
Air Conditioning On. |
|
|
ACP |
Air Conditioning
Pressure. |
|
|
ACPSW |
Air Conditioning
Pressure Switch. |
|
|
ACT |
Air Charge
Temperature sensor. AKA IAT. |
|
|
ACT |
Air Charge Temperature Sensor |
|
|
Actuator |
A mechanism for
moving or controlling something indirectly instead of by hand. |
|
|
ACV |
Air Control
Valve (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
Adaption |
Adjustments to the
operating strategy made by the PCM based on actual driving conditions &
feedback. Adaptions are stored in KAM separate from DTCs & freeze frames.
Clearing adaptions is a special function available only on certain scanners,
but it also occurs if KAPWR or KAM fails. Without adaptions, the PCM operates
on baseline PROM strategy until it relearns the adaptions, which typically
requires varied driving over 10-20 miles. |
|
|
ADV |
Advance |
|
|
Advance |
1) the quality or
quantity of ignition timing BTDC; 2) an auto parts store chain. |
|
|
AFB,
Carter AFB |
"Aluminum four
barrel" A 4 barrel carburetor made by Carter |
|
|
AFCM |
Alternative Fuel
Control Module. |
|
|
AFR |
Air Fuel Ratio (also see below) |
|
|
A-Frame |
A supporting
structure used for lifting overhead loads. It may consist of a single
"A"-shaped boom which pivots (as on inexpensive wreckers or on
light-duty cranes), or 2 with a single beam between them to span a working
area below. |
|
|
AFS |
Airflow Sensor |
|
|
Aftermarket |
1. A general term for
the industry that produces non-original parts for vehicles; see SEMA. 2.
Non-original vehicle parts. Contrast Direct-Replacement. |
|
|
Ah |
Amp hours |
|
|
AI |
Air Injection |
|
|
AIR |
Secondary
Air Injection. |
|
|
AIR
BPV |
Air ByPass Valve. AKA
TAB (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
Air Conditioning (A/C) |
A vehicular accessory
refrigeration system that modifies the passenger compartment air by cooling
and drying the air using a belt-driven compressor with magnetic clutch, a
condenser with fan, an orifice or expansion valve, an evaporator within an air
handler, an accumulator/drier with dessicant, and various sensors &
switches. As the refrigerant gas is compressed, its temperature rises, and it
flows as a hot high-pressure gas into the condenser. The external airflow
created by the fan cools the refrigerant (carrying heat away) so that it
condenses to a warm high-pressure liquid. This liquid flows through the
orifice tube or expansion valve, which creates a sudden pressure drop. The
low-pressure liquid boils & becomes cold, collecting heat from the
evaporator core, which in turn gets heat from the air within the passenger
cabin. The cool low-pressure gas & liquid mix flows into the accumulator
where any water is absorbed by the dessicant. The accumulator is designed to
allow only gas to flow out & return to the compressor to repeat the
cycle. If the cabin temperature is too low to boil the refrigerant, the
low-side pressure falls below ~20psi, breaking the circuit to the compressor
clutch. This prevents ice from forming on the evaporator AND prevents the
system from ever dropping below atmospheric pressure, which could pull in
contaminants. Early systems used R-12, but all systems now use R-134a. |
|
|
Air Conditioning Clutch
(ACC) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates status of the A/C clutch. |
|
|
Air
Conditioning Cycling Switch (ACCS) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates status of the A/C cycling switch. |
|
|
Air
Conditioning Demand (ACD) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates status of the A/C demand switch. |
|
|
Air
Conditioning On (ACON) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates status of the A/C system. |
|
|
Air
Conditioning Pressure (ACP) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates pressure in the A/C system. |
|
|
Air
Conditioning Pressure Switch (ACPSW) |
A switch used for
additional A/C system pressure control. Also referred to as the refrigerant
containment/fan function switch. |
|
|
Air
Injection |
One method of reducing
harmful exhaust emissions by injecting air into each of the exhaust ports of
an engine. The fresh air entering the hot exhaust manifold causes any
remaining fuel to be burned before it can exit the tailpipe. |
|
|
AIR
or A.I.R. |
Air Injection Reactor |
|
|
AIR,
A.I.R. |
Air injection reactor |
|
|
Air/fuel
ratio |
The ratio of air to
gasoline by weight in the fuel mixture drawn into the engine. |
|
|
Air/Fuel
Ratio |
Air to fuel mixture
ratio; 14.7 1 is also called stoichiometry. This value is monitored &
stored by the PCM as the LAMBSE PID. |
|
|
AIRB |
Secondary Air
Injection Bypass. AKA TAB |
|
|
AIRD |
Secondary Air
Injection Diverter. AKA TAD |
|
|
Air-to-Air
(A2A) |
a heat exchanger such
as an intercooler for a forced-induction system. |
|
|
AIS |
Air Injection System |
|
|
AKA |
also known as. |
|
|
Al |
Aluminum. |
|
|
ALDL |
Assembly Line Data Link |
|
|
Allen
Key or Allen Wrench |
A hardened driver
whose functional end (if not the entire tool) is a male hex. Contrast Torx. |
|
|
alt,
Alt, Alternator |
A device used for
converting mechanical energy into electical energy. |
|
|
Alt. |
Alternator or Altitude |
|
|
Alternator |
A term trademarked by
Chrysler Corporation. See Generator. |
|
|
ALVW |
Adjusted Loaded
Vehicle Weight, defined by (Curb Weight + GVWR)/2, or Curb Weight +
(Payload/2). |
|
|
Ambient
Temperature |
Temperature of the
air surrounding an object. |
|
|
AMG |
1) mega fuse; 2) a
German customizing company for BMW & Mercedes; 3) American Motors
General, the manufacturing consortium for many US military vehicles |
|
|
Ammeter |
An instrument calibrated in
amperes. It is used to measure the flow of an electrical current in a
circuit. |
|
|
Amp |
1) Amplifier; 2)
(slang) Ampere |
|
|
Amp |
/amp/amps: Ampere |
|
|
Ampere |
The rate of flow of
electrical current present when one volt of electrical pressure is applied
against one ohm of electrical resistance. |
|
|
Ampere
(A or i) |
the standard unit of
measure for electrical current. It represents a specific number of electrons
flowing past a given point per second, analogous to the flow rate of water. |
|
|
AN
Fittings |
Army/Navy fittings; a
shape & sizing convention used on many military vehicles, and popular on
modified civilian vehicles for its reliability & interchangeability.
Sizes are preceded by a minus sign and represent the inside diameter in INCHES
times 16 (-AN = inch x 16), so a -6AN fitting is 6/16" or 3/8" ID. |
|
|
Anaerobic |
a chemical (usually an adhesive or sealant)
that cures without being exposed to air, such as epoxy. |
|
|
Analog |
1. An electrical
signal that can attain any value within the voltage limits of the signal, OR
a mechanical display capable of any intermediate value. Contrast Digital 2. A
substitue or simulation that functions similarly to the actual item. |
|
|
Analog
Meter |
A handheld tool with
an analog (needle) display for measuring various characteristics of
electrical/electronic circuits & components. Contrast DMM. |
|
|
Anti-lock
Brake System (ABS) |
An electro-hydraulic
system which prevents wheel lockup during an emergency stop by modulating
brake pressure. Allows the driver to maintain steering control and stop the
vehicle in the shortest possible distance under most conditions. Several versions
exist including RABS, RABS-II, 3-channel 4WABS, 4-channel 4WABS, TA, &
TC. |
|
|
AOD |
Automatic Overdrive
transmission, derived from the FMX. It evolved into the AODE, 4R70W,
4R44E, 4R55E, 5R55W. |
|
|
AODE |
Automatic Overdrive
Electronic transmission, derived from the AOD (FMX). It evolved into
the 4R70W, 4R44E, 4R55E, 5R55W. AKA AODE-W. |
|
|
A-Pillar |
The front-most body
structure for supporting the roof of a vehicle. Subsequent pillars are
designated "B", "C", etc. |
|
|
APM |
mini blade fuse. AKA
ATM. |
|
|
APPS |
Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor |
|
|
APR |
standard or regular
blade fuse. AKA ATC, ATO. |
|
|
APS |
micro or mini
low-profile blade fuse. AKA ATM. |
|
|
APS |
Absolute Pressure Sensor |
|
|
APX |
maxi blade fuse. |
|
|
ARB |
An aftermarket
manufacturer of bumpers & a pneumatic selectable-locking differential.
Compare E-Locker. |
|
|
ARC |
Automatic Ride
Control. |
|
|
armature |
A laminated soft iron core
wrapped by a wire that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy as in
a motor or relay. |
|
|
ARS |
Air restraint system. (air
bags) |
|
|
Articulation |
Movement of the
suspension, especially to its extremes (front & rear suspensions in
opposite directions) when off-roading. |
|
|
ASCII |
American Standard
Code for Information Interchange; a standardized digital binary code of
letters, numbers, & symbols used in most computers. |
|
|
ASCS |
Air Suction Control Solenoid |
|
|
ASD |
Auto Shutdown |
|
|
ASDM |
Air Bag System Diagnostic Module |
|
|
ASE |
Automotive service
excellence |
|
|
ASE |
Automotive Service
Excellence; an organization that establishes & maintains standards in the
auto service industry, most notably by adminstering tests for technicians
& other auto service personnel. |
|
|
ASME |
American society of
mechanical engineers |
|
|
ASSY,
assy |
Assembly |
|
|
ASV |
Air Suction Valve |
|
|
AT,
auto, Auto |
Automatic transmission |
|
|
ATC |
standard or regular
blade fuse. AKA APR, ATO. |
|
|
ATC |
Automatic Temperature Control |
|
|
ATDC |
After Top Dead
Center; a time or angle of a given crankshaft lobe (usually #1) just after it
has aligned with its connecting rod, and the piston is moving toward the
crankshaft. |
|
|
ATDC |
After Top Dead Center |
|
|
ATF |
Type A, Type F, Mercon (I-V), MerconSP,
MerconLV, FNR5, CVT, Dexron (I-V), ATF+2, ATF+3, ATF+4. Automatic
Transmission Fluid; any of several non-compatible types of hydraulic oil,
used in automatic transmissions, power steering systems, hydraulic
brake boosters, manual transmissions, & transfer cases. Examples
include |
|
|
ATF |
Automatic Transmission Fluid |
|
|
ATM |
mini, micro, or mini
low-profile blade fuse. AKA APM, APS. |
|
|
ATO |
standard or regular
blade fuse. AKA ATC, APR. |
|
|
atomization |
The breaking down of a
liquid into a fine mist that can be suspended in air. |
|
|
ATS |
Air Temperature Sensor |
|
|
Automatic
Ride Control (ARC) |
A system that
automatically adjusts the suspension system to accommodate varying road and
driving conditions. |
|
|
Averaging
Bank/Trade |
Used for Nox Credits
on Heavy Duty Trucks Only. |
|
|
AWD |
All Wheel drive |
|
|
AWD |
All Wheel Drive. A
powertrain system which delivers engine power through a differential in the
transfer case to differentials in each axle. Some newer cheap AWD systems use
a viscous coupling between the front & rear axles instead of a differential.
Contrast RWD, FWD, 4WD, 2WD. |
|
|
AWD |
All Wheel Drive |
|
|
AWG |
American Wire Gauge;
a number representing the effective cross-sectional area of an electrical
conductor. The standard scale ranges from 0000 (0.460", ~12 mm) to 36
(0.005", ~0.13 mm) in 39 steps, with each higher gauge having 0.890526
the area of the preceding gauge. Stranded wire has a larger actual
cross-section than solid wire of the same gauge due to the air spaces between
the strands. |
|
|
AX4N |
Automatic 4 speed
Non-synchronous transaxle (front-wheel drive). |
|
|
AX4S |
Automatic 4-speed
Synchronous transaxle (front-wheel drive). |
|
|
axial
play |
Movement parallel to a
shaft of bearing bore. |
|
|
Axle |
A structure which
bears the weight of a chassis onto wheels, through bearings & hubs.
Driven axles also contain mechanisms to transmit torque to the hubs. Steering
axles further contain mechanisms to allow the wheels to swivel. Axles may be
solid (monobeam) or independent. Each hub may be attached to 1 or 2 wheels. |
|
|
Axle
Wrap |
A condition that
affects leaf spring solid axle suspensions in which the spring pack isn't
strong enough to withstand the torque under hard acceleration, and it flexes
into an "S", slightly wrapping around the axle tube. Eventually,
the tire breaks free, the torque is released violently, and the driveline
suffers (usually catastrophic) impacts as the tires bounce and catch. There
are several ways to reduce or eliminate the condition, including stronger
springs, traction bars, or a multi-link suspension. |
|
|
B/P |
Backpressure |
|
|
B+ |
Battery Positive
Voltage. |
|
|
B+ |
Battery Positive Voltage |
|
|
BA |
Belair |
|
|
BAC |
By Pass Air Control |
|
|
back
pressure |
Restrictions in the exhaust
system that slow the exit of exhaust gases from the combustion chamber. |
|
|
backfire |
The sudden combustion of
gases in the intake or exhaust system that results in a loud explosion. |
|
|
Backfire |
Combustion that
occurs in the intake, causing flame & noise to emanate from the throttle.
It can be caused by incorrect valve or ignition timing, a lean mixture, or
fuel leaks. It can damage the carburetor, the throttle plates, sensors, the
intake ductwork, anything under the hood, the hood, or even start a fire. |
|
|
backlash |
The clearance of play
between two parts such as meshed gears. |
|
|
Backout |
a failure of a
terminal to remain mechanically in-place within its connector shell. The
terminal is pushed back within the shell, preventing it from making good
contact with the mating terminal, resulting in an open circuit, or
intermittent open circuit, or high resistance. |
|
|
Backspace
(wheel offset) |
This is the distance from the rear mounting surface of
the wheel to the rear edge of the rim. Example |
|
|
Back-tap |
A special tap used
for chasing damaged threads. Its cutting edges compress so the tool can be
inserted past the damage, and then expanded to engage the good threads before
working backward out of the hole. |
|
|
Balanced |
An engine that has had the
weights of it's internal moving parts (such as pistons) matched. |
|
|
Ball
Joint (BJ) |
A spherical joint
used mainly to connect a steering knuckle to a suspension arm; it has largely
replaced the kingpin since it eases design & manufacture, and it allows
fine & coarse adjustments for wheel alignment. |
|
|
BAP |
Barometric Absolute Pressure Sensor |
|
|
BARO |
Barometric Pressure. |
|
|
BARO |
Barometric |
|
|
Barometric
Pressure (BARO) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the pressure of the surrounding air at any given
temperature and altitude. See MAP. |
|
|
Barrel
Roll |
A side roll all the
way back onto the wheels at least once. |
|
|
Base
Idle |
Idle rpm determined
by the throttle lever hardset on the throttle body with the IAC solenoid
disconnected. It is preset at the factory & should never be adjusted. |
|
|
Base
Timing |
Spark advance in
degrees before top dead center of the base engine without any control from
the PCM or ICM (EFI), or any vacuum- or centrifugal advance (carb). |
|
|
BAT,
BATT |
Battery |
|
|
Batt. |
Battery |
|
|
BATTEMP |
Battery Temperature. |
|
|
Battery |
An electrical storage
device designed to produce a DC voltage by means of an electrochemical
reaction. Common automotive batteries develop ~13.2VDC using six 2.2V lead
& sulfuric acid cells, with the negative (-) terminal grounded to the
chassis, body, & engine. |
|
|
Battery
Positive Voltage (B+) |
The voltage from the
battery positive post or any circuit connected directly to the battery,
relative to the battery negative post, or chassis ground. Compare VPWR, VREF. |
|
|
Battery
Saver |
a circuit for key-off
accessories controlled by a module to disable the circuit after a preset time
(usually 15 minutes). Compare Retained Accessory Power. |
|
|
BBC,
bbc |
Big block Chevy engine |
|
|
BBL |
Barrel
(carburetor/vacuum). Compare Venturi. |
|
|
bbl,
BBL |
barrel (carburetor) |
|
|
Bbl. |
Barrel (Example: 4 Bbl.) |
|
|
BCCC,
BC/CC, B.C.C.C. |
Base Coat, Clear Coat. A
Urethane paint with a clear coat over it |
|
|
BCI |
Battery Council
International, a non-profit trade organization that establishes standards for
autmotive batteries; particularly, physical sizes. |
|
|
BCM |
Body Control Module -
an electronic component that generally controls systems unrelated to the
powertrain. AKA GEM, BSM, CSM... |
|
|
BCM |
Body Control Module |
|
|
Bench-Testing |
1) testing a part or
system on a fixture that simulates normal use; 2) (slang) guessing about the
way something will work. |
|
|
Bendix |
1) A manufacturer of
OE & direct-replacement auto parts; 2) (slang) A one-way starter drive
gear. |
|
|
Bevel
Gears |
A common gear design
resulting in an angled drive. The radial gear teeth are on an angled surface
(like a truncated cone), and their axes intersect where the tips of the cones
would be, typically in a right angle. Contrast Helical, Herringbone, Hypoid,
Spur, Worm. |
|
|
BFH |
(slang) Big F*****g
Hammer. |
|
|
BHP |
Brake Horsepower |
|
|
BI |
fuel code for Other
Bi-Fuel |
|
|
Bigblock |
An engine family of
varying displacements that share some parts & characteristics, most of
which have higher displacement than most of those in another family of
engines from the same manufacturer within the same model year range. Contrast
Smallblock, Short Block, Long Block. |
|
|
Billet |
A dense form of metal
(usually Aluminum) made by mechanically compressing a cast ingot to eliminate
any internal pores, and then re-heating (annealing) it to relieve internal
stress & re-crystallize it. |
|
|
Binary |
a simple numbering
system using only two possible characters (usually 0 & 1) in each digit.
"Bi-" means two. The binary representation of one is "1"
or "00000001" (any amount of preceding 0s); two is "10";
three is "11"; nine is "1001"; fourteen is
"1110". 8-bit binary contains 8 digits per value (byte, word);
16-bit contains 16 characters per value, so two in 16-bit binary is
"0000000000000010". |
|
|
Bit |
a digital position
within a numeral, capable of containing any valid character used in that
numbering system. |
|
|
BJB |
Battery Junction Box. |
|
|
Bk |
Black wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
BL |
Body Lift. |
|
|
Blade
Fuse |
A plastic-encased
flat fuse with parallel flat terminals that replaced the glass tube fuse in
the early 80s. Sizes are APS/ATM Low Profile/Micro, APM/ATM Mini, APR/ATC/ATO
Blade, and APX/Maxi, ranging from 0.5A to 150A. |
|
|
Blinker Fluid |
A joke among
mechanics & gearheads to detect amateurs. See KaleCo Automotive. |
|
|
Block
Test |
See Dissolved Gas
Test. |
|
|
Blower (BLR) |
A device designed to
supply a current of air at a moderate pressure, typically through a
ventilation system. It usually consists of an impeller assembly, a motor and
a suitable case. The blower case may also function as part of the ventilation
system and contain diverter doors and other apparatus. |
|
|
BLR |
Blower. |
|
|
Blue
Wrench |
(slang) a torch,
because of its blue flame. AKA Red Wrench because it makes things red-hot. |
|
|
BMAP |
Barometric and Manifold Absolute Pressure
Sensor |
|
|
BMC
* |
Brake master cylinder |
|
|
Bn |
Brown wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
Body
Lift (BL) |
The modification of a
vehicle's ride height by spacing the body up from the frame, usually to allow
for larger tires. It does not increase ground clearance, suspension travel,
or approach/breakover/departure angles. It increases body sway, and the danger
of the body shifting on the frame during a collision. Steering & shifting
linkages usually must be adjusted, and hoses lengthened. See Lift. Contrast
Tire Lift, Suspension Lift. |
|
|
Body
Mount |
a rubber isolator
(sometimes with steel sleeves) between the frame & cab. AKA Cab Mount. |
|
|
Bolt |
A medium- or
heavy-duty machine-threaded fastener, generally with a hex head to be
driven by a wrench into either a threaded hole or a nut. See Grade. Contrast
Screw. |
|
|
BOO |
Brake On Off Switch |
|
|
Boom |
A low resonant sound,
like a drum roll or distant thunder. |
|
|
Booster
Cables |
A pair of light or
medium wires with a connector or clamps capable of supplying under 120A from
one vehicle to another for the purpose of recharging a weak battery over
several minutes before attempting to crank the engine. Contrast Jumper
Cables. |
|
|
Booster
Pack |
See Jumper Battery. |
|
|
BOP,
B.O.P. |
Buick, Oldsmobile, Pontiac. |
|
|
Bored,
Bored out |
An engines cylinders have
been enlarged or bored out. Also see; .030 over, punched |
|
|
Bowtie |
A Chevrolet car |
|
|
Box
Van |
A modified vehicle
body using the cab & hood of a van or light truck, with a simple enclosed
cargo box conjoined, like most ambulances. |
|
|
Boxed
or Boxed Frame |
A frame constructed
of hollow tubular members, as opposed to open channel members. It may be
designed that way, or the result of adding material to a channel frame to
enclose the members. Early Broncos & most Land Rovers have fully-boxed
frames from the factory. '80-96 F-series & Broncos are only factory-boxed
between the front bumper and the back of the first crossmember. |
|
|
BPA |
Bypass Air; see IAC. |
|
|
BPA-ISC |
Bypass Air Idle Speed
Control solenoid; see IAC. |
|
|
BPH |
Ball-Peen Hammer; a
steel hammer with one flat face & one hemispherical face for peening
rivets, and other metalwork. |
|
|
BPP |
Brake Pedal
Position. |
|
|
BPS |
Barometric Pressure Sensor |
|
|
BPT |
Backpressure Transducer |
|
|
Br |
Brown wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
Brake
On/Off (BOO) |
A binary switch which
indicates the position of the brake pedal &/or activates the brake
lights. It may also perform other functions. Compare BPP, Stop Lamp
Switch. |
|
|
Brake
or Brakes |
1) a system for
slowing a moving vehicle, or holding it stationary; 2) the pedal, lever, or
other mechanical components to control such a system; 3) the friction
components of such a system. |
|
|
Brake Pedal Position (BPP) |
A multi-contact or
analog sensor, signal, or circuit which indicates the position of the brake
pedal for use by the traction control &/or restraint systems. Compare
BOO. |
|
|
Break |
1) to fail, fracture,
or shatter; 2) to free, loosen, or unseize. |
|
|
Breakout
Box |
A service tool that
"tees" between the PCM and the matching harness connector. The
breakout box contains test pins that can be probed for EEC system testing
without the risk of damage to the EEC, its wiring, or its connector by direct
probing. |
|
|
BRG
* |
Bearing |
|
|
Brinelling |
the process by which
bearings damage their own races due to LACK of movement under high loading.
The race develops an imprint of the loaded bearing, resulting in looseness,
noise, and accelerated wear. |
|
|
BRKT,
brkt * |
Bracket |
|
|
BSM |
Body Security Module,
AKA BCM, CSM, GEM... |
|
|
BTDC |
Before Top Dead
Center; a time or angle of a given crankshaft lobe (usually #1) just before
it has aligned with its connecting rod, and the piston is approaching its
maximum distance from the crankshaft. Ignition spark usually occurs during
this phase. |
|
|
BTDC |
Before Top Dead Center |
|
|
BTM |
Bottom |
|
|
BTU |
British Thermal Unit |
|
|
Bu |
Blue wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
Build
Sheet |
A sheet that was used by
assembly line workers to build the car. This sheet listed options and also
the original dealer that sold the car. |
|
|
Bumpstick |
Camshaft |
|
|
Bus
positive or negative (Bus+ or -) |
Circuits that carry
data to & from the various modules on a network, & the DLC. |
|
|
Bus+
or - |
Bus positive or
negative. |
|
|
Buzz |
A steady low-pitched
noise, typically accompanied by a vibration. |
|
|
BV |
Bowl
Vent (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
BW
1345 |
A rare chain-driven
4WD (no internal differential) part-time 2-speed transfer case built by
Borg-Warner with a fixed front yoke output on the L side. It replaced the NP
208F for a few years in heavy-duty light trucks until it was replaced by the
1356, and was always built with a fixed rear output yoke. |
|
|
BW
1356 |
A common chain-driven
4WD (no internal differential) part-time 2-speed transfer case built by
Borg-Warner with a fixed front yoke output on the L side & a
magnesium-alloy case. It replaced the NP 208F & BW 1342, and was built in
several configurations manual-shift/ESOF; with PTO (Aluminum front
case)/without; with/without speedo gear bore; fixed/slip rear output;
yoke/companion flange fixed rear output. It was used in 1/2-ton pickups &
Broncos, and F350s w/PSTD, so it's a VERY strong box. |
|
|
Byte |
a group of bits
(usually 8 or 16, though modern PCs are 32- or 64-bit) interpreted &
processed as a single value. A numeric "word". |
|
|
C |
1) Chemical symbol
for Carbon; 2) fuel code for CNG. |
|
|
C |
Celsius (Degrees) |
|
|
C.I.D. |
Cubic inch displacement |
|
|
Cab
or Cabin |
The passenger
compartment of any vehicle or equipment; cab usually refers to trucks &
equipment to distinguish from the detached cargo bed or working appendages;
cabin usually to cars & SUVs to distinguish from the integral engine bay
&/or cargo trunk, but not from an integral interior or convertible cargo
bed (wagon bodies). |
|
|
CAC |
Charge Air Cooler.
Formerly known as Intercooler. A device which lowers the temperature of
pressurized intake air. |
|
|
CAFE |
Corporate Average
Fuel Economy. A set of federal requirements and regulations which govern fuel
economy standards for all motor vehicles produced by one corporate
entity. |
|
|
California
Air Resources Board (CARB) |
a governing body of
California which establishes air pollution laws. |
|
|
Camshaft |
A shaft on which
phased cams are cut or mounted. The cams regulate the opening and closing of
the intake and exhaust valves in the head(s). See also OHC, OHV, VVT. |
|
|
Camshaft
Position (CMP) |
A sensor or signal
which indicates camshaft position. |
|
|
CAN |
Controller Area Network |
|
|
Canister
(Carbon or Charcoal) |
An evaporative
emissions system component which contains activated charcoal which absorbs
fuel vapors and holds them until the vapors can be purged into the intake to
be burned in the engine. |
|
|
Canister
Purge (CANP) |
A circuit or solenoid
valve which controls airflow through the carbon canister into the intake
manifold. |
|
|
Canister
Vent (CV or CANVNT) |
A circuit or solenoid
valve which controls airflow between the carbon canister and the atmosphere. |
|
|
CANP |
Canister Purge |
|
|
carb |
Carburetor |
|
|
Carb |
(slang) Carburetor |
|
|
CARB |
California Air Resources Board |
|
|
Cardan
Joint |
A type of universal
joint consisting of 2 shafts at right angles connecting 2 yokes. AKA Hooks
Joint |
|
|
Cardone |
An aftermarket parts
remanufacturer (A1 Cardone). |
|
|
CAS |
Crank Angle Sensor |
|
|
Cascade
Failure |
a progressive (and
usually catastrophic) failure sequence, beginning with a single (usually
minor) failure that triggers several more, each which may trigger several
more, and so on. |
|
|
Case
Ground (CSE GND) |
PCM case ground
circuit or terminal. |
|
|
CAT |
Catalytic converter |
|
|
CAT |
Catalytic Converter |
|
|
Catalytic
Convertor |
An in-line exhaust
system device used to reduce the level of engine exhaust emissions by the use
of catalysts (chemicals which cause chemical reactions without being consumed
in those reactions). Most catalysts are deactivated by Lead, which is why
unleaded fuel was introduced. Some cause HC to be oxidized; some cause NOx to
be reduced; some convert other pollutants into non-toxic compounds. |
|
|
CB |
Circuit Breaker |
|
|
CBD |
Closed Bowl Distributor |
|
|
CC |
Cruise control |
|
|
CC |
1) cubic centimeter;
2) the process of measuring the precise volume of a cylinder head by draining
water from a graduated cylinder into the combustion chamber, so called
because most graduated cylinders are graduated in ccs. |
|
|
CC |
cubic centimeter |
|
|
CCA |
Cold cranking amps |
|
|
CCC |
Computer Command Control |
|
|
CCD |
Computer Controlled Dwell |
|
|
CCM |
Comprehensive
Component Monitor. |
|
|
CCOT |
Cycling Clutch Orifice Tube |
|
|
CCS,
C.C.S. |
Controlled combustion
system |
|
|
CCW |
Counterclockwise |
|
|
CD |
1) Compact Disc - any
of several types of 5 inch optical medium for audio in the CDA format, or
video in the VCD, SVCD, DVD, DVD-DL, HDDVD, or BD formats, or for data in any
digital format; 2) Coil Driver. |
|
|
CD4E |
CD class vehicle, 4
speed, Electronic transmission. |
|
|
CDI |
Capacitor Discharge Ignition |
|
|
CEC |
Computerized Engine Control |
|
|
CEC,
C.E.C. |
Combined emission control |
|
|
Centralized
Testing Facility |
A state government
inspection/maintenance (IM) and safety station. |
|
|
CFM |
Cubic Feet per Minute |
|
|
Chain(s) |
1) A steel recovery
chain; 2) tire chains; 3) a timing or transfer case chain. |
|
|
Chase
(Threads) |
to repair machine
threads by reforming or recutting with a tap, die, file, or rethreading
tools; to clean machine threads by running mating threads over them while
rinsing with oil. |
|
|
Chassis |
The working
components of a vehicle, not including the body or its wiring. |
|
|
Check
Engine Light (CEL) |
A warning light used
to indicate a fault has been detected either in the engine, transmission, or
emissions systems. Some can be triggered to flash out fault codes. AKA MIL. |
|
|
CID |
Cubic Inch Displacement |
|
|
Circuit |
1) A complete
electrical path or channel, usually including the source of electrical
energy; 2) the electrical path (wire) between two or more components; 3) an
analogous condouit for fluids, as in hydraulic or pneumatic controls. |
|
|
Citizens
Band (CB) |
1) A band of low
radio frequencies deregulated by the FCC for civilian use; 2) A radio which
operates in that band. |
|
|
CKP |
Crankshaft Position Sensor |
|
|
Clean
Tach Output (CTO) |
A signal or circuit
used to drive the instrument panel tachometer. |
|
|
Closed
Loop (CL) |
An operating mode
which manages outputs based on sensor feedback. Contrast Open Loop. |
|
|
Clutch |
A mechanism for
connecting & disconnecting 2 rotating assemblies or shafts, such as an
engine & transmission, or a pulley & compressor. |
|
|
CM |
Centimeter |
|
|
CMP |
Camshaft Position Sensor |
|
|
CMVSS |
Canadian Motor
Vehicle Safety Standards. |
|
|
CNG |
Compressed Natural
Gas. See Natural Gas. Compare LNG; contrast LPG. |
|
|
CO |
Carbon Monoxide. |
|
|
CO |
Carbon Monoxide |
|
|
CO2 |
Carbon Dioxide. |
|
|
CO2 |
Carbon Dioxide |
|
|
Coast
Clutch Solenoid (CCS) |
Controls the
application and release of the coast clutch in the transmission. |
|
|
Coil |
1) A device
consisting of conductors wrapped around a magnetizable core, often used to
increase the voltage in a spark ignition system; 2) a coil spring. |
|
|
Cold
Soak |
Time given to a
vehicle to sit at a low temperature (typically below 68° F / 20° C) until the
temperature of external and internal components stabilize. |
|
|
Cold-Rolled
or Cold-Formed |
A metal part which
has been reshaped (OTHER than by cutting or hammering) below its eutectic
temperature, resulting in internal stresses & work-hardening. Contrast
Hot-Rolled, Hot-Formed, Annealed. |
|
|
Combo |
a small module
attached to '87-91 truck instrument clusters which triggers an EMISSIONS
warning light. It serves no purpose since no supplier (including Ford) ever
made the parts it was intended to indicate were due for replacement. |
|
|
COMP |
Compressor |
|
|
Compression
Ratio (CR) |
the ratio of the
volume of the compression chamber to that PLUS the piston's displacement.
Most engines are built for approximately 81; high-performance engines are
around 91; diesels are above 111. Deposits in the combustion chamber or on
the pistons will raise the CR, sometimes to levels that will damage the
engine. Com |
|
|
Compression Test |
a basic procedure for
checking the general condition of an engine by measuring each cylinder's
ability to create pressure, and then comparing those numbers to each other
(NOT to any fixed standard). Most engines are considered passing if the
lowest cylinder is >75% of the highest, and adjacent cylinders are within
20%. Initially, the test is performed with the cyinders empty (dry); if
there's a failing cylinder, it is retested with engine oil added (wet).
Compare Leakdown Test. |
|
|
Compressor |
A pump that takes in
relatively low-pressure gas and releases very high-pressure gas at low flow
rates, usually to be condensed into a liquid after passing through an heat
exchanger (intercooler or condenser). |
|
|
Computed
Timing |
The total spark
advance in degrees before top dead center; equal to base timing plus/minus an
additional factor calculated by the PCM based on input from a number of
sensors. |
|
|
Computer
Controlled Dwell (CCD) |
A variant of the
TFI-IV ignition system in which the EEC processes several signals into the
SPOUT, and the ICM uses both the rising & falling edges of that signal to
control both ignition timing AND dwell. Contrast Push-Start. |
|
|
Constant
Control Relay Module (CCRM) |
A relay module that
provides on-off control of various EEC components. |
|
|
Cont. |
Continued |
|
|
Continuous
Duty |
In operation without
interruption. Some devices (usually electrical relays, solenoids, &
motors) are designed only for intermittent use; others can tolerate constant
on-time, without overheating or wearing out prematurely. |
|
|
Continuous
Memory (CM or CONT) |
The portion of KAM
used to store DTCs generated during the Continuous Memory Self-Test. |
|
|
Continuous
Memory Self-Test |
A continuous test of
the EEC system conducted by the PCM whenever it is operating. |
|
|
Control |
A means or device
which directs and regulates a process, machine, apparatus, or system. |
|
|
CONV |
Convertible |
|
|
Conv,
conv |
Convertible |
|
|
Coolant |
A fluid used for heat
transfer; typically water. Coolants usually contain additives such as rust
inhibitors and antifreeze/antiboil agents like ethylene glycol. They may also
contain bittering agents to discourage consumption since most additives are
toxic and sweet. |
|
|
COP |
Coil On Plug Ignition |
|
|
copo,
COPO, C.O.P.O |
Central office production
ordered |
|
|
CP |
Canister Purge |
|
|
cp,
cpe, Cpe |
Coupe |
|
|
CPI |
Central Port Injection |
|
|
CPP |
Clutch Pedal Position
sensor, switch, or circuit. |
|
|
CPU |
Central Processing Unit |
|
|
CQIS |
Common Quality
Indicator System. |
|
|
crank |
Crankshaft |
|
|
Crankshaft |
The part of an engine
which converts the reciprocating motion of the pistons to rotary motion, and
connects to the transmission. It also usually drives the engine accessories. |
|
|
Crankshaft
Position (CKP) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates crankshaft position. |
|
|
Cryogenic |
Any process involving
temperatures significantly below 0F; often involving liquid Nitrogen or dry
ice. |
|
|
CSSA |
Cold Start Spark Advance |
|
|
CSSH |
Cold Start Spark Hold |
|
|
CST |
Custom Sport Truck |
|
|
CTS |
Coolant Temperature Sensor |
|
|
CTVS |
Choke Thermal Vacuum Switch |
|
|
cu,
cu.in, C.I. |
Cubic inch |
|
|
Cu.
In. |
Cubic Inch |
|
|
Curb
Idle |
The idle rpm when the
engine is at normal steady-state operating conditions. |
|
|
Curb
weight |
Weight of empty vehicle
ready to drive. It is the shipping weight plus weight of gasoline and
antifreeze. |
|
|
CV |
Check Valve or Constant Velocity |
|
|
CVC |
Constant Vacuum Control |
|
|
CVCC |
Controlled Vortex Combustion Chamber |
|
|
CVR |
Control Vacuum Regulator |
|
|
CVVT |
Continuous Variable Valve Timing |
|
|
CW |
Clockwise |
|
|
CYL
or Cyl. |
Cylinder |
|
|
Cyl,
cyl |
Cylinder |
|
|
Cylinder
Head Temperature (CHT) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the temperature of the engine cylinder head. |
|
|
Cylinder
Identification (CID) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which provides crankshaft or camshaft position information for fuel
injection synchronization. |
|
|
D |
1) Drain (ammeter or
Alt gauge) indicates the alternator is supplying LESS current than the
vehicle is consuming, so the battery is discharging; 2) combustion code for
Diesel Cycle; 3) fuel code for Diesel |
|
|
D |
Drive |
|
|
D.O.T. |
Department of
transportation |
|
|
Daily
Driver (DD) |
A vehicle comfortable
& reliable enough to be used every day for commuting, but which isn't
necessarily suited to work (hauling/towing) or play (off-roading). Compare
Grocery-Getter, Weekend Warrior. |
|
|
Dashpot |
A vacuum diaphragm
that controls the throttle stop &/or closing speed to assist with idle
control and reduce run-on (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
Data |
General term for
information, usually that has been simplified into numbers, letters, or
symbols. |
|
|
Data
Link Connector (DLC) |
J1962 or EEC-IV
connector providing access and/or control of the vehicle information,
operating conditions, and diagnostic information. |
|
|
Data
Output Line (DOL) |
A circuit that sends
certain information from the PCM to the instrument cluster. |
|
|
Data
Positive or Negative (DATA+ or DATA-) |
Circuits that carry
data to the DLC, Message Center, or VCRM. |
|
|
DATA+
or DATA- |
Data Positive or
Negative. |
|
|
Daytime
Running Lamps (DRL) |
A system that keeps
the vehicle headlamps on at all times (though often at reduced power &
without marker lamps) while the vehicle is operating. |
|
|
Db |
Decibel, a
logarithmic measurment of sound intensity. |
|
|
DB |
Dark Blue wire or
vacuum line. |
|
|
dB |
Decibels |
|
|
DC |
1) Direct Current.
Electric current flowing in one direction, as from a battery; 2) Duty Cycle.
The ratio of ON time versus the sum of ON & OFF times, expressed in
percent. |
|
|
DC |
Direct Current Or Discharge |
|
|
DCL |
Data Communication
Link. See Data Link Connector. |
|
|
DD |
1) Direct Drive; 2)
Drunk Driving; 3) Daily Driver. |
|
|
DDD |
Dual Diaphragm Distributor |
|
|
DDM |
Driver's Door Module
- an electronic component that controls systems related to the driver's door,
including PL, PW, OTD, KE, RKE. |
|
|
Decimal |
a common numbering
system using ten possible characters in each digit, based on human fingers.
"Deci-" means ten. |
|
|
DEF |
1) Defroster; 2)
Diesel Emissions Fluid 32.5% urea +
67.5% deionized water injected into diesel exhaust to reduce NOx emissions. |
|
|
Def. |
Defrost |
|
|
DEFI |
Digital Electronic Fuel Injection |
|
|
Defog. |
Defogger |
|
|
Defroster
(DEF) |
An electrically
heated device designed to remove ice, frost or snow from the rear window of
the vehicle. |
|
|
DERM |
Diagnostic Energy Reserve Module |
|
|
Detonation |
See Knock. |
|
|
Detroit
Locker |
An aftermarket
locking differential famous for reliability & robustness, now
manufactured by Eaton. |
|
|
DFI |
Digital Fuel Injection |
|
|
DFR |
Dual-Function
Reservoir |
|
|
DFS |
Deceleration Fuel Shutoff |
|
|
DG |
Dark Green wire or
vacuum line. |
|
|
DI |
1) Distributor
Ignition, see TFI-IV; 2) Direct Injection. |
|
|
Diag. |
Diagnostic |
|
|
Diagnostic
Test Mode (DTM) |
A level of capability
in an On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) system. This may include different functional
states to observe signals, a base level to read Diagnostic Trouble Codes, a
monitor level which includes information on signal levels, bi-directional
control with on/off board aids, and the ability to interface with remote
diagnosis. |
|
|
Diagnostic
Trouble Code (DTC) |
An alpha/numeric
identifier for a fault condition identified by the On-Board Diagnostic
System. |
|
|
Diags |
1) Diagonal wire
cutting pliers, often misspelled "dykes" or "dikes"; 2)
Diagnostics. |
|
|
Dial
Indicator |
A calibrated
instrument for measuring very small linear movement; usually less than
1" by thousandths. They are often used to measure cam lobes,
concentricity of crankshaft journals, bends in rotating shafts, endplay in
shafts, backlash in gears, runout in brakes, and slop in spherical joints.
They can be mounted by fastener, magnet, clamp, or other means. |
|
|
DIC |
Driver Information Center |
|
|
Die |
A tool for cutting
external threads onto a shaft or rod. Contrast Tap, Thread Chaser, Thread
File. |
|
|
Dielectric |
Electrically
insulating. |
|
|
Dielectric
Grease |
Silicone grease used
on small electrical terminals to block Oxygen & moisture in order to
improve the durability of the connection. On larger terminals (like battery
posts), the larger surface area can allow the grease's high film strenght to
break or severely inhibit the electrical connection. |
|
|
Diesel |
1. A german scientist
who invented a simple & reliable engine which can run efficiently on very
low-grade fuel oil; 2. An engine which operates on the Diesel (2-stroke or
4-stroke) cycle; 3. The fuel for such engines. Untaxed diesel fuel (for agricultural
use) in the US has a dye added so that inspectors can tell if it was used in
taxable vehicles. |
|
|
Dieseling |
See Knock. |
|
|
DIFF |
Differential |
|
|
Differential
(Diff) |
A mechanism for
dividing the engine's power between 2 shafts, most often between the 2
axleshafts within an axle or transaxle, but also sometimes between 2
driveshafts within an AWD transfer case. Most are "open", meaning
the mechanism is allowed to work without limitation, which results in the
input torque being split inversely to the output resistance (the tire with
the least traction gets the most torque). Others may contain clutches
(limited slip) or more complex mechanisms (torque-biasing) to restrict the
division of torque and aid in traction. Contrast Spool, Lincoln-Locker, 4WD. |
|
|
Differential
Pressure |
The pressure
difference between two regions, such as between the intake manifold and the
atmospheric pressures. |
|
|
Differential Pressure
Feedback EGR (DPFE) |
An EGR system or its
primary sensor that monitors EGR pressure across a remote orifice to control
EGR flow. AKA Dual Pressure Feedback EGR |
|
|
Digital |
1) An electrical
signal that is stepped among certain possible values within the voltage
limits of the signal; 2) a display capable of only certain preset
values/elements occurring only in certain positions; 3) controls which
process information by switching the current or voltage through steps.
Contrast Analog, Binary, Decimal, Hexadecimal. |
|
|
Digital
MultiMeter (DMM) |
A handheld tool with
a digital display for measuring various characteristics of
electrical/electronic circuits & components. Digital meters require less
current from the circuit being tested and produce more accurate & precise
readings. They also generally have more features and cost far less than older
meters. Contrast Analog Meter. |
|
|
Digital Transmission Range
sensor (DTR or TR) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the selected modes of the transmission. It may be
used for PCM control of shifting, cruise &/or starter interrupt. AKA MLP,
MLPS, PNP, NSS. |
|
|
Digital
Volt-Ohm Meter (DVOM) |
A handheld tool with
a digital display for measuring voltage or resistance characteristics of
electrical/electronic circuits & components. See DMM. |
|
|
Dikes |
See Diags. |
|
|
Diode |
an electronic
component that allows current to flow only in 1 direction along a circuit,
and also creates a voltage drop (typically ~0.7VDC). When polarity is
reversed, the voltage drop goes above 100VDC until it reaches the
semiconductor's breakdown voltage. They are commonly used to drain inductance
spikes across solenoid or relay coils; to convert AC into rough DC (inside
alternators & transformers); to prevent semi-independent circuits from
interfering with each other (like a dome light & cargo light); and to
create constant smooth voltage for delicate circuits (like Zener diodes in a
power supply). Some emit light (LED) and are becoming more popular as
high-efficiency long-life light sources. See Light-Emitting Diode. |
|
|
Direct
Injection (DI) |
A cylinder head
design in which the fuel injector pintle is within the combustion chamber. |
|
|
Direct-Replacement |
Parts engineered to
be equivalent (in fit & performance, if not appearance) to OE parts, but
produced by non-OEM. |
|
|
DIS |
Distributorless Ignition System |
|
|
DIS,
D.I.S. |
Distributorless ignition
system |
|
|
Disk Brakes |
A braking
system based on a 2-sided brake rotor with a pad wearing against each
side. The pads are compressed against the rotor by a caliper (usually
hydraulic), creating a braking force on the rotating hub. They are less
complex than drum brakes, and are less affected by extended use, fording, or
high speed. See also Cross-drilled Rotor, Slotted Rotor, Drum-in-Hat.
Contrast Drum Brakes. |
|
|
Dissolved
Gas Test |
A quick test to
detect block & head cracks by checking for exhaust gases in the coolant
system. A squeeze bulb is used to draw air from the coolant system through a
special chemical which changes color (usually blue to yellow) if exhaust is
present. AKA Block Test. |
|
|
DIST |
Distribution |
|
|
DIST,
dist |
Distributot |
|
|
Distributor |
A mechanical device
designed to switch a high voltage secondary circuit from an ignition coil to
spark plugs in the proper firing sequence. |
|
|
Distributor
Ignition (DI) |
A system in which the
ignition coil secondary circuit is switched by a rotating mechanism in proper
sequence to various spark plugs. |
|
|
DLC |
Data Link Connector |
|
|
DM |
fuel code for
Bi-Fuel, Diesel/Methanol |
|
|
DMM |
Digital MultiMeter.
Compare DVOM. Contrast Analog Meter. |
|
|
DMM |
Digital Multi Meter |
|
|
DOHC |
Dual Overhead Cam. |
|
|
DOHC |
Double Overhead Cam |
|
|
DOHC,
D.O.H.C. |
Double overhead cam |
|
|
DOL |
Data Output Line. |
|
|
Door Jamb Sticker |
See Safety
Certification Label. |
|
|
DOT |
Department of
Transportation. A federal office which oversees (among MANY other things)
roads & motor vehicles. |
|
|
DOT |
Department of Transportation |
|
|
Double Cardan joint |
an assembly of 2
cross-type U-joints linked by a very short coupling with a mechanism between
them to hold the coupling at exactly 1/2 the total flex angle across the
assembly. It provides near-constant angular velocity through the joint, and
allows nearly double the flex angle of a single cardan joint. |
|
|
Double
Clutch |
Releasing the clutch
pedal suddenly to launch the vehicle, then pressing it to let the engine rev
up again, and releasing a second time. With the correct engine/vehicle
combination, it can reduce takeoff time by using the engine's momentum in
addition to its power to get the vehicle moving. Contrast Speed Shift. |
|
|
Double
Hex |
A style of fastener
& matching tool with 12 120° points. Contrast Triple Square. |
|
|
DPFE
or DPFEGR |
Differential (Dual)
Pressure Feedback EGR. Compare PFE, EEGR, EVP. |
|
|
dr |
Door |
|
|
Drag
Link |
A steering link that
directly joins the steering knuckles. |
|
|
DRB
II |
Diagnostic Readout Box |
|
|
DRI |
Deposit Resistant
Injector. A fuel injector designed to prevent buildup of carbon and
other unwanted deposits used since the mid-80s. |
|
|
Drift |
1) A solid shaft tool
used with a hammer to drive other objects, such as pins, often confused with
"Punch"; 2) A driving technique involving sliding the rear wheels
continuously sideways on pavement through an extended turn, purely for its
dramatic effect. Contrast Fish-Tail. |
|
|
Drilled
Rotor |
See Cross-drilled
Rotor. |
|
|
Drive Cycle |
A long process during
which a vehicle is operated in most normal driving states, but in a specific
order for a specific time each, and with certain states repeated. Normal
driving will eventually produce a drive cycle, but it can take months, depending
on the driver, the weather, the traffic, and the roads. Certain emissions
monitors require a drive cycle before they can reset after codes are cleared. |
|
|
Driveability |
A classification of
vehicle concerns, including engine performance, transmission behavior, and
drivetrain harshness. |
|
|
Driveline |
1) See Drivetrain, 2)
See Driveshaft. |
|
|
Driveshaft |
A shaft connecting a
transmission or transfer case to an axle or differential. It is usually
tubular, either steel, Aluminum, Aluminum-Metal Matrix (AMMX), or composite.
It usually includes at least 1 U-joint, CV joint, or rubber coupling disk at
each end, & a slip joint (to allow for compression & extension). For
longer distances, an intermediate joint & carrier bearing may be
used. |
|
|
Drivetrain |
The collection of
parts within a vehicle that cause it to move, including the engine,
transmission, driveshaft, & drive axle. AKA Driveline, Powertrain. |
|
|
DRL |
Daytime Running
Lamps. |
|
|
Drum Brakes |
A braking
system based on a wide cast-iron hoop with a thin plate on one side
surrounding 1 or 2 shoes covered in friction material, which are themselves
attached to a large plate on the suspension (usually a solid axle), enclosing
the entire mechanism. The shoes are spread against the hoop's inner surface
either by a hydraulic slave (wheel) cylinder, or by a scissor mechanism, or
by a lever mechanism, and usually also by an adjusting mechanism (usually
automatic). See also Drum-in-Hat. Contrast Disk Brakes. |
|
|
Drum-in-Hat |
A brake
system combining a small drum brake (usually only for emergency/parking
use) inside the rotor of a disk brake (usually on the rear axle). See Disk
Brakes, Drum Brakes. |
|
|
D'shaft |
Driveshaft. |
|
|
DTC |
Diagnostic Trouble
Code. |
|
|
DTC |
Diagnostic Trouble Code |
|
|
DTM |
Diagnostic Test Mode. |
|
|
DTR |
Digital Transmission
Range sensor. |
|
|
Dual
Exhaust |
an system that
provides 2 equal-sized paths for the engine exhaust from the manifolds (or
headers) to the tailpipes. "True" dual exhaust has no connection
between the 2 pipes, which is less efficient than a well-engineered
crossover. |
|
|
Dual
Overhead Cam (DOHC) |
An engine
configuration that uses two camshafts in each cylinder head, positioned above
the valves. |
|
|
Dual-Function Reservoir
(DFR) |
A pressure-operated
fuel tank switching valve with an integral reservoir which may contain a
filter. It is only used on dual-tank Ford trucks from '84-89 and is
notoriously unreliable. |
|
|
Duckbill |
The common term for a
specific style of plastic quick-connector used on some fuel line & heater
hose fittings. Compare Garter Spring, hairpin. |
|
|
DUI. |
1) Davis Unified
Ignition - an ignition system common on '80-00 GM vehicles, and a popular
modification on many others. It involves a distributor with integrated
pickup, advance, coil, & module requiring as few as 1 wire to work. 2)
Driving Under the Influence of drugs or alcohol, a.k.a. DWI, DD. |
|
|
Dust
Cap |
The outboard cover
for a hub. Some include the knob or dial for manual hub locks on 4WD
vehicles. |
|
|
DVOM |
Digital Volt-Ohm
Meter. Compare DMM. |
|
|
DVOM |
Digital Volt Ohmmeter |
|
|
DWI |
Driving While
Intoxicated. |
|
|
Dye |
A chemical additive
used for visual identification or diagnosis, often fluorescent (UV). |
|
|
Dykes |
See Diags. |
|
|
Dynamic |
Moving/changing.
Contrast Static. |
|
|
E |
1) combustion code
for Electric; 2) fuel code for Ethanol; 3) EGR vacuum supply
port (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
E.F.I. |
Electronic Fuel Injection |
|
|
E4OD |
Electronic 4-speed
Overdrive automatic transmission based on the C6. Renamed 4R100; one of the
strongest, longest, & heaviest automatic transmissions ever put in a
light truck. Models built before 1995 developed a poor reputation. |
|
|
E85 |
Fuel containing 85%
ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Pure ethanol is the alcohol which is the
intoxicating agent in liquor, beer and wine. It is distilled from the
fermentation of plants such as field corn and sugar cane. A denaturant that
imparts a bad taste is added to ethanol to preclude consumption. Up to 5%
hydrocarbons (such as unleaded gasoline) is a typical denaturant. The
resulting denatured ethanol is designated Ed100 when used as a feedstock for
motor fuels. Fuel ethanol (Ed85) is then made by adding 15% more unleaded
gasoline. The resulting fuel also has a higher octane rating than unleaded
regular gasoline, allowing engine designs with higher compression and
corresponding greater engine efficiency and performance (power). Winter
blends may contain up to 25% unleaded gasoline (plus the denaturant) to
enhance cold engine starts, hence the sometimes used Ed85-Ed75 designation.
Severely cold weather may require additional measures for reliable starting.
Ethanol is more chemically active than gasoline. It corrodes some metals and
may cause some plastic and rubber components to swell, break down, or become
brittle and crack, especially when mixed with gasoline. Special materials and
procedures are used with Ethanol FFVs. Ethanol has less energy per gallon
than gasoline, so fuel economy in miles per gallon will decrease as the
percentage of ethanol goes up. However, the decrease is not as severe as with
methanol. Flexible fuel vehicles using fuel ethanol also have lower exhaust
emissions than comparable gasoline vehicles. |
|
|
ea |
Each |
|
|
EACV |
Electronic Air Control Valve |
|
|
EAIR |
Electric Secondary
Air Injection. |
|
|
EAP |
Electric Air Pump. |
|
|
eB |
early Bronco
('66-77). |
|
|
EB |
1) Eddie Bauer; 2)
(slang) early Bronco. |
|
|
EBCM |
Electronic Brake Control Module |
|
|
EBL |
Electronic Back Light |
|
|
EBM |
Electronic Body Module |
|
|
ECA |
Electronic Control Assembly |
|
|
ECC |
Electronic Control
Computer. See EEC. |
|
|
ECM |
Electronic control module |
|
|
ECM |
Electronic Control
Module. See EEC. |
|
|
ECM |
Engine Control Module |
|
|
ECT |
Engine Coolant
Temperature. |
|
|
ECT |
Engine Coolant Temperature |
|
|
ECU |
Electronic Control
Unit. See EEC. |
|
|
ECU |
Electronic Control Unit |
|
|
Eddie
Bauer |
The most-luxurious
trim level offered on Ford trucks from '85-96. Later models included matching
leather luggage. |
|
|
EDIS |
Electronic Distributorless Ignition System |
|
|
EDP |
Electro Deposted Primer |
|
|
EEC |
Electronic Engine
Control. AKA ECC, ECM, ECU, MCU, PCM, "brain",
"computer", "controller". |
|
|
EEC |
Electronic Engine Control |
|
|
EEC-IV |
Ford's
fourth-generation EEC system; its first to incorporate on-board diagnostics
(OBD) & memory to store diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). Their chips are
soldered to their boards (meaning they can't be removed to change performance
characteristics like some other manufacturers), but later versions include
flash-programmable memory (EEPROM). |
|
|
EECS |
Evaporative Emission Control System |
|
|
EEC-V |
Ford's
fifth-generation EEC system, which incorporates the industry-standard OBD-II
system. |
|
|
EEGR |
Electronic EGR Valve;
a motor-driven EGR with an integral position sensor. |
|
|
EEPROM |
Flash Electrically
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. |
|
|
EEPROM |
Electronically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory |
|
|
EFC |
Electronic Fuel Control |
|
|
EFCA |
Electronic Fuel
Control Assembly |
|
|
EFE |
Early Fuel Evaporation |
|
|
EFE,
E.F.E. |
Early fuel evaporation |
|
|
EFI |
Electronic Fuel Injection |
|
|
EFT |
Engine Fuel
Temperature. |
|
|
EGO |
Exhaust Gas Oxygen
sensor, signal, or circuit. An early version of a HEGO, without the heater. |
|
|
EGO |
Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
EGR |
Exhaust Gas
Recirculation. |
|
|
EGR |
Exhaust Gas Recirculation |
|
|
EGR
Vacuum Regulator (EVR) |
A solenoid vacuum
valve which controls vacuum to the EGR valve by a duty cycle (pulse) signal
from the PCM. This, in turn, regulates EGR flow into the intake manifold. The
EVR switches its output (to the EGR) between vent and manifold vacuum (through
a reservoir). |
|
|
EGR Valve Position (EVP) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which reports how far the EGR valve has opened to the EEC. It mounts
directly to the EGR and uses a pushrod to measure how far the diaphragm has
lifted the pintle. Newer EGR systems don't use this sensor. Contrast EEGR,
PFE, DPFEGR. |
|
|
EGRPS |
EGR Valve Position Sensor |
|
|
EGRT |
EGR Valve Temperature
Sensor. |
|
|
EGRT |
EGR Temperature |
|
|
EGT |
Exhaust Gas
Temperature |
|
|
EGT |
Exhaust Gas Temperature |
|
|
EI |
Electronic Ignition. |
|
|
EI |
Electronic Ignition |
|
|
Electric
Air Pump (EAP) |
An electric pump used
in EAIR systems. |
|
|
Electric
Secondary Air Injection (EAIR) |
A pump-driven system
for providing secondary air using an electric air pump. |
|
|
Electronic
Distributorless Ignition System (EDIS) |
A system using an
independent ignition module and one or 2 coil packs. AKA Integrated Ignition. |
|
|
Electronic
Engine Control (EEC) |
The system or module
that provides electronic control of engine (and often transmission)
operation. AKA ECC, ECM, ECU, MCU, PCM, "brain",
"computer", "controller". Contrast BCM, DDM, GEM, LCM. |
|
|
Electronic
Ignition (EI) |
A system in which the
ignition coil secondary circuit is dedicated to specific spark plugs without
the use of a distributor. Ford has two types of EI systems, integrated EI and
EI. EI is only used on the 3.0L Windstar and has a standalone Ignition Control
Module (ICM). The Integrated Electronic Ignition (EI) System consists of a
crankshaft position (CKP) sensor, coil pack(s), connecting wiring, and PCM.
The Coil On Plug (COP) Integrated EI System uses a separate coil for each
spark plug and each coil is mounted directly onto the plug. The COP
Integrated EI System eliminates the need for spark plug wires but does
require input from the camshaft position (CMP) sensor. |
|
|
Electronic
Pressure Control (EPC) |
A solenoid valve,
signal, or circuit which controls line pressure in the transmission. |
|
|
Electronic
Shift-On-the-Fly (ESOF) |
A system used to
operate the transfer case of a 4WD or AWD vehicle while it is in
motion. |
|
|
Electronic Variable Orifice
Steering (EVO) |
A system
or solenoid valve which adjusts the level of assistance provided by
the power steering system. |
|
|
E-Locker |
An aftermarket
electronically-selectable-locking differential produced by Eaton. |
|
|
EMI |
Electromagnetic
Interference. Usually caused by ignition voltage spikes, solenoids, relay
operation or noisy generator contacts. |
|
|
EMI |
Electromagnetic Interference |
|
|
EMR |
Electronic Module Retard |
|
|
EMW |
Emissions Maintenance
Warning module. A small module attached to certain '87-91 instrument clusters
which can be safely deleted. Compare Combo, IMS. AKA EUL. |
|
|
Endo |
An end-over-end roll. |
|
|
Engine |
A machine designed to
convert thermal energy (typically derived from chemical energy in fuel) into
mechanical energy to produce force or motion. |
|
|
Engine
Coolant Temperature (ECT) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the temperature of the engine coolant. It is
typically installed in the heater core circuit, which is unaffected by the
thermostat. |
|
|
Engine
Fuel Temperature (EFT) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the temperature of the fuel in the fuel rail. |
|
|
Engine
RPM (RPM) |
A signal or circuit
which indicates engine rpm. |
|
|
Engine
RPM/Vehicle Speed Limiter |
A strategy to prevent
damage to the powertrain. The powertrain control module (PCM) will disable
some or all of the fuel injectors whenever an engine rpm or vehicle overspeed
condition is detected. The vehicle will exhibit a rough running engine condition,
and the PCM will store a Continuous Memory DTC P1270. Once the operator
reduces the excessive speed, the engine will return to the normal operating
mode. No repair is required. However, the technician should clear the PCM and
inform the operator of the reason for the DTC. Excessive wheel slippage may
be caused by sand, gravel, rain, mud, snow, ice, etc. or excessive and sudden
increase in rpm while in NEUTRAL or while driving. |
|
|
EOBD |
European Onboard Diagnostics |
|
|
EOL |
End Of Line. A system
designed specifically for use at assembly plants to make sure all new
vehicles perform to design specifications. |
|
|
EOS |
Exhaust Oxygen Sensor or
Engine Oil Suppliment |
|
|
EP |
Extreme Pressure; a
rating for chassis grease. |
|
|
EPA |
Environmental
Protection Agency; a government agency which sets & enforces emissions
standards in the US. |
|
|
EPC |
Electronic Pressure
Control. |
|
|
EPOS |
EGR Valve Position
Sensor |
|
|
Epoxy |
A plastic formed by
mixing several liquid or gel chemicals, which then harden. Most do not
require air to cure, and will cure over a wide temperature range. Heat is
usually produced by the curing process. Epoxies are commonly used as
adhesives, sealants, paints, and structural repairs (JB Weld) because they
are robust & durable. |
|
|
EPROM |
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory |
|
|
E-Ring |
A hardened spring
steel clip shaped vaguely like an "E"; more like a "C",
but with a tab in the center. It is used on shafts & operating rods. |
|
|
ESA |
Electronic Spark Advance |
|
|
ESC |
Electronic Spark Control |
|
|
Escutcheon,
escutcheon plate |
A trim plate or a shield
surrounding a moving part like the windshield wiper shaft or the trim piece
around a radio knob, etc. |
|
|
ESOF |
Electronic
Shift-On-the-Fly. |
|
|
EST |
Electronic Spark Timing |
|
|
Estate |
See Wagon-Body. |
|
|
ETC |
Electronic Throttle Control |
|
|
Ethanol |
Grain alcohol;
C2H5OH. An inexpensive fuel additive used to reduce cost and emissions.
Blends containing more than ~15% ethanol require special engine management
& fuel system materials. See E85. |
|
|
Ethylene
Glycol |
The most common
antifreeze/antiboil agent in automotive coolant. It tastes sweet, but is
extremely poisonous; attaching to the liver, it prevents normal toxins from
being removed from the blood. |
|
|
EUL |
See EMW. |
|
|
EVAP |
Evaporative Emission
system. |
|
|
EVAP |
Evaporative Emission System |
|
|
Evaporative Emission (EVAP) |
A system to prevent fuel or other
hydrocarbon vapors from escaping into the atmosphere. Typically includes a
charcoal canister to store fuel vapors, a rollover valve on the fuel tank to
prevent liquid fuel from entering the system, various airflow control
solenoid valves, & the PCV system. |
|
|
EVIC |
Electronic Vehicle Information Center |
|
|
EVO |
Electronic Variable
Orifice. |
|
|
EVP |
EGR Valve Position |
|
|
EVR |
EGR Vacuum Regulator
(AKA Exhaust Valve Regulator). |
|
|
EWP |
Electric Water Pump. |
|
|
Exciter
Ring |
See Tone Ring. |
|
|
EXH
HCV |
Exhaust Heat Control
Valve (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Recirculation (EGR) |
A system which
reduces NOx emissions levels by adding exhaust gas to the incoming air/fuel
mixture, OR the valve used to regulate the flow of exhaust gas. The inert gas
reduces combustion chamber temperatures, which not only reduce the formation
of NOx, but also reduces the tendency to burn through Aluminum/alloy pistons. |
|
|
Exo-Cage |
An external cage
designed to protect a vehicle's body when off-roading. Most are primarily
cosmetic, and not actually strong enough to work in an off-road rollover or
on-road collision. Contrast Family Cage; Nerf Bar; Rock Slider; Roll Bar;
Roll Cage; Step Bar. |
|
|
F |
Front |
|
|
F |
Fahrenheit |
|
|
F/B |
Fuse Block |
|
|
F4E |
F Level (119 lb-ft) 4
speed Electronic transmission. |
|
|
Fabricated |
1) assembled, as
opposed to being a single piece; 2) welded-together, as opposed to being
stamped or machined in 1 piece; 3) created locally from raw or common
materials, as opposed to being mass-produced on a factory assembly line; 4)
crude, as opposed to being professionally designed & built to modern
standards. |
|
|
Fail-Safe
Cooling Strategy (FSC) |
A strategy activated
by the PCM only in the event that an overheating condition has been
identified. This strategy provides engine temperature control when the
cylinder head temperature exceeds certain limits. The cylinder head
temperature is measured by the CHT sensor. Not all vehicles equipped with a
CHT sensor will have the fail-safe cooling strategy. A cooling system failure
such as low coolant, electric cooling fan failure, or coolant loss could
cause an overheating condition. As a result, damage to major engine
components could occur. Along with a CHT sensor, the fail-safe cooling
strategy is used to prevent damage by allowing air cooling of the engine.
This strategy allows the vehicle to be driven safely for a short time with
some loss of performance when a overheat condition exist. Engine temperature
is controlled by varying and alternating the number of disabled fuel
injectors. This allows all cylinders to cool. When the fuel injectors are
disabled, their respective cylinders work as air pumps, and this air is used
to cool the cylinders. The more fuel injectors that are disabled, the cooler
the engine runs, but the engine has less power. A wide open throttle (WOT)
delay is incorporated if the CHT temperature is exceeded during WOT operation.
At WOT, the injectors will function for a limited amount of time allowing the
customer to complete a passing maneuver. Before injectors are disabled, the
fail-safe cooling strategy alerts the operator to a cooling system problem by
moving the instrument cluster temperature gauge to the hot zone and a PCM DTC
P1285 is set. Depending on the vehicle, other indicators, such as an audible
chime or warning lamp, can be used to alert the operator of fail-safe
cooling. If overheating continues, the strategy begins to disable the fuel
injectors, a DTC P1299 is stored in the PCM memory, and a malfunction
indicator light (MIL) (either CHECK ENGINE or SERVICE ENGINE SOON), comes on.
If the overheating condition continues and a critical temperature is reached,
all fuel injectors are turned off and the engine is disabled. |
|
|
Failure
Mode Effects Management (FMEM) |
An alternative
vehicle operation strategy that protects vehicle function from the adverse
effect of an EEC system failure. |
|
|
Family
Cage |
a style of Roll Cage
with full-height protection for rear passengers. |
|
|
Fan |
A device designed to
supply a current of air, typically through a radiator, condenser, or
transmission cooler. A fan may also have a frame, motor, wiring harness and
the like. The term is typically applied to mechanisms which move air parallel
to the fan's axis of rotation, and are distinguished from Blowers, which are
typically centrifugal. Contrast air pump, air compressor. |
|
|
Fan
Control (FC) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit for controlling the engine cooling fan. |
|
|
FC |
Fan Control. |
|
|
FCIL |
Fuel Cap Indicator
Lamp |
|
|
FCS |
Fuel Control Solenoid |
|
|
FDC |
Fuel Deceleration Valve |
|
|
FDM |
Fuel Delivery Module. |
|
|
FEAD |
Front End Accessory
Drive belt system. |
|
|
Fed |
Federal |
|
|
Fender |
The body panel above
the front wheel or forward of the doors, distinguished from the Quarter
Panel, which is behind the doors. |
|
|
FEPS |
Flash EEPROM
Programming Signal. 18 volt DC signal sent by the scan tool to initiate PCM
reprogramming. |
|
|
FF |
Flexible fuel. |
|
|
FFV |
Flexible Fuel
Vehicle. |
|
|
FI |
Fuel Injection |
|
|
FI,
F.I. |
Fuel injected |
|
|
FIFO |
First In First Out. A
stock management pattern. Contrast LIFO, LILO, FILO. |
|
|
Fifth
Wheel (5th Wheel) |
a common heavy-duty
hitch system characterized by a round tiltable horizontal receiver (the fifth
wheel) on the tow vehicle (tractor) and a vertical pin on the trailer;
contrast Gooseneck. It is popular in heavy truck & large RV trailer
applications. |
|
|
FILO |
First In Last Out. A
stock management pattern. Contrast LIFO, LILO, FIFO. |
|
|
Finite-Element
Analysis |
An engineering design
process pioneered by Ford in the late 60s and first applied to a production
vehicle on the Falcon Wagon. A physical part (which has nearly infinite
elements in the forms of crystals &/or molecules) is simulated
mathematically by a model containing a finite (MUCH smaller) number of
elements, represented by triangles arranged as a web or wireform. The
behavior of the part can then be calculated at various temperatures &
load conditions to determine which elements are critical & which are
expendable, thereby reducing the size & weight of the part, without
reducing its strength, durability, or reliability. It is now an indispensible
tool for nearly every engineering & physics discipline, and has altered
industry almost as profoundly & abruptly as Ford's seminal
contribution, the production line. |
|
|
FIPK |
A popular aftermarket
Open-Element air filter system by K&N. |
|
|
FIPL |
Fuel Injector Pump Lever |
|
|
Firewall |
The body panel
between the engine bay & the passenger compartment. |
|
|
Fish-Tail |
A driving maneuver
(often accidental) accomlished by accelerating vigorously but briefly during
a short turn that results in the back end of the vehicle whipping sideways,
like a fish's tail. |
|
|
Fixed
Yoke/Flange |
A non-moving
connection between a splined shaft (usually the output shaft of a
transmission or transfer case) and a U-joint in a driveshaft. Broncos use a
fixed yoke or flange on the t-case rear output. |
|
|
Flash
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) |
An Integrated Circuit
(IC) within the PCM. This IC contains the software code required by the PCM
to control the powertrain. One feature of the EEPROM is that it can be
electrically erased and then reprogrammed without removing the PCM from the
vehicle. If a software change is required to the PCM, the module no longer
needs to be replaced, but can be reprogrammed at the dealership through the
DLC. |
|
|
Flathead |
1) A flathead
(slotted) screw; 2) a flathead engine. |
|
|
Flathead
Engine |
An obsolete engine
design distinguished by simple cylinder heads and valves within the block. |
|
|
Flathead Screw |
A style of screw head
using a simple, straight, central groove designed to be driven by a
correspondingly simple, straight-edged tool. AKA Slotted Screw. See
Screw. Contrast Phillips, Torx. |
|
|
Flat-Rate
or Flag-Rate |
A common pay plan for
automotive technicians, especially at a dealership. A comprehensive list of
possible vehicle repairs is published (either by the manufacturer in the case
of dealership & warranty repairs or technicians, OR by a 3rd-part company
in the case of independent techs & customer-pay repairs) with specific
descriptions of the tasks involved and the typical or allowable time to
accomplish those tasks. Regardless of how long it actually takes the
technician to complete the repair or the total cost billed to the vehicle
owner, the tech is only paid for the published time. AKA "book
time". Contrast "straight time" or "clock time". |
|
|
Flexible
Fuel (FF) |
A system capable of
using a variety of fuels for vehicle operation. These may include gasoline,
diesel, biodiesel, ethanol, methanol, natural gas, propane, jet fuel, solar,
or any combination. |
|
|
Flip |
A roll onto the roof
either end-over-end or sideways, or a barrel roll. |
|
|
Flop |
A roll onto only one
side (not onto the roof). |
|
|
FLS |
Fluid Level Sensor |
|
|
FLTR |
Filter (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
Fluorescent |
The physical
characteristic of a substance by which it converts absorbed radiation at one
frequency (usually invisible) into a visible-frequency radiation (light).
Most commonly, a mercury-vapor tube generates UV radiation, which is
fluoresced into white light by the powdered phosphor coating inside the tube. |
|
|
FMEM |
Failure Mode Effects
Management. |
|
|
FMX |
An early medium-duty
automatic transmission derived from the FX/MX. It evolved into the AOD, AODE,
4R70W, and 4R75E. |
|
|
FoMoCo |
An official
abbreviation for Ford Motor Company, sometimes stamped into low-trim parts
such as police hub caps. |
|
|
Forced
Induction |
Any air intake system
using mechanical devices to push air into the intake at
higher-than-atmospheric pressure. Contrast N/A. See Turbocharger,
Supercharger, Ram-Air. |
|
|
Four
Valve (4V) |
Four valves, two
intake and two exhaust, per cylinder. |
|
|
Four-Cycle |
(slang) See
Four-Stroke Cycle. |
|
|
Four-Stroke |
(slang) See
Four-Stroke Cycle. |
|
|
Four-Stroke
Cycle |
An engine operating
system that involve 4 strokes of each piston to complete one combustion cycle
(a version of the Otto combustion cycle). On the first stroke, the piston is
forced up by the crankshaft toward an open exhaust valve to expel burned fuel.
Near the top of that stroke, the exhaust valve closes & the intake valve
opens. On the second stroke, the piston is drawn down by the crankshaft,
creating a vacuum in the cylinder which pulls fresh air (and usually
gasoline) in. Near the bottom of that stroke, the intake valve closes. On the
3rd stroke, the crankshaft pushes the piston up toward a closed combustion
chamber, creating pressure in the cylinder. Near the top of that stroke,
diesel may be injected or a spark plug may be fired. On the fourth stroke,
the burning fuel in the chamber forces the piston down, transferring power to
the crankshaft. Because 3 strokes consume power for each 1 that produces
power, 4-stroke engines are inherently less powerful by weight & less
thermodynamically efficient than 2-strokes. But they require less maintenance
& produce fewer emissions. |
|
|
FP |
Fuel Pump. |
|
|
FPDM |
Fuel Pump Driver
Module. |
|
|
FPM |
Fuel Pump Monitor. |
|
|
FPR |
Fuel Pressure
Regulator. |
|
|
FPR
VSV |
Fuel Pressure Regulator
Vacuum Switching Valve |
|
|
FPRC |
Fuel Pressure
Regulator Control. |
|
|
FR,
fr |
Front |
|
|
Frame |
The heavy structure
to which all other major components of a cab-on-chassis vehicle are attached.
Common types include ladder & X . Contrast Unibody, Monocoque. |
|
|
Frame
Horn |
The end of a frame
rail where something may be attached, such as a bumper. |
the amount of current a 12V battery can
deliver over a given time period without falling below 10V . Common time
periods range from 2-10 hours, and indicate the actual amount of energy
stored within a battery. Higher Ahs over shorter periods are better, and
those numbers come from larger, heavier batteries. Compare CA, CCA, HCA, RC. |
|
Freeze
Frame |
A block of KAM
containing the vehicle operating conditions for a specific time. Typically
associated with a DTC. Erasing DTCs also erases all freeze frames. They will
also be erased if KAM or KAPWR fails. |
|
|
Freon® |
The DuPont name for
R-12 CFC. See Refrigerant. |
|
|
Front
End Accessory Drive (FEAD) |
A system of belts
& pullies on the engine to transfer power from the crankshaft to various
accessory devices. |
|
|
FS |
1) Fullsize; 2) for
sale. |
|
|
FSA |
Field Service Action.
See Recall. |
|
|
FSC |
Fail-Safe Cooling
Strategy. |
|
|
FT |
1) (ft) foot (12
inches); 2) Finger-tight; 3) (slang) F*****g tight |
|
|
ft,
Ft |
Front |
|
|
ft.lb. |
Foot Pound |
|
|
ft-lb |
foot-pounds; a
measure of torque (typically used for ROTATING torque, as in engine output).
1 ft-lb = 1 lbf at 1 ft from the center of rotation = 2 lbf @ 0.5' = 10 lbf @
0.1'... |
|
|
FTO |
Filtered Tachometer
Output; the IDM circuit for CCD TFI-IV ignition systems. |
|
|
FTP |
Fuel Tank Pressure. |
|
|
Fuel |
Any combustible
substance burned to provide heat or power. Typical motor vehicle fuels
include gasoline, diesel fuel, propane, CNG, LPG, ethanol, methanol,
kerosene, & nitromethane. Other types of fuel include hydrogen, oxygen,
hydrogen peroxide, butane, coal, wood, Uranium... |
|
|
Fuel Delivery Module (FDM) |
the assembly
containing the fuel pump, pickup siphon, pickup screen, reservoir, shuttle
valve, & level sender used in most '90-up Fords |
|
|
Fuel Injector |
See Injector. |
|
|
Fuel Pressure Regulator
(FPR) |
A vacuum-operated
valve on or near the fuel manifold (rail) which regulates fuel pressure from
the pump to the injectors. |
|
|
Fuel
Pressure Regulator Control (FPRC) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which controls the fuel pressure regulator. Used primarily to provide
extra fuel during cold starts. |
|
|
Fuel
Pump (FP) |
A pump used to
deliver fuel to the engine, usually submerged in the fuel tank. |
|
|
Fuel
Pump Driver Module (FPDM) |
A module that
controls an electric fuel pump in response to a pulse-code modulated (PCM)
signal from the EEC. |
|
|
Fuel
Pump Monitor (FPM) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which monitors operation of the fuel pump. |
|
|
Fuel Rich/Lean |
A qualitative
evaluation of air/fuel ratio relative to an ideal A/F ratio known as
stoichiometry, or 14.7 1 for normal gasoline. In the EEC system, rich/lean is
determined by a voltage signal from the HO2S. An excess of oxygen (lean) is
indicated by an HO2S voltage of less than .4 volts; a rich
condition is indicated by an HO2S voltage of greater than .6 volts. |
|
|
Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the internal pressure of the fuel tank and
the EVAP system. |
|
|
Full-Floating
(FF) Axle |
An axle assembly
whose axleshafts bear no weight, and can therefore 'float' within the
housing. Because the shafts only experience torsional stresses, it is
considered stronger (less likely to break) than a Semi-Floating Axle. All
steering axles are full-floating, but their outers can be semi-floating, as
in some Jeeps. Most Portal Axles are full-floating. A full-floating axle can
be easily identified by the presence of a spindle nut which retains the hub
on the bearings, even if the axleshaft breaks. |
|
|
Fullsize
(FS) |
a vehicle
approximately 74" wide; distinguished from Midsize, Compact, Subcompact,
and Heavy. |
|
|
Full-Width
(FW) |
a part or assembly
for a fullsize vehicle, but installed on a midsize or compact; usually an
axle. |
|
|
Fuse |
An electrical
connection designed to melt at a specific current draw (Amperes), thus
opening (turning off) the circuit and protecting the wires from melting or
burning. Installing a fuse rated higher than original defeats the purpose of
the fuse since the wiring will melt before the larger fuse. Contrast Fusible
Link, Circuit Breaker. |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
A normal wire with
special insulation designed to contain the heat, spark, and melted metal when
the wire burns from excessive current draw. Fusible link wire is not rated in
Amperes since its characteristics are less-obvious, but it is typically 4
gauges (AWG) smaller (higher number) than the circuit it protects. Although
many vehicles now use MEGA or MAXI fuses where older vehicles used fusible
link wire, replacing older fusible links with fuses is not recommended unless
the rest of the wiring is upgraded to match the newer arrangement. Never
replace a fuse with fusible link wire. In an emergency, smaller-gauge wire
may be temporarily substituted for fusible link wire until an appropriate
repair can be made. Contrast Fuse, Circuit Breaker. |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Orange - 22ga. -
0.35mm |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Gray - 20ga. - 0.5mm |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Blue - 18ga. - 0.8mm |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Black - 16ga. - 1.0mm |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Gray - 14ga. - 2.0mm |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Blue - 12ga. - 3.0mm |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Orange - 10ga. - 5.0mm |
|
|
Fusible
Link |
Black - 8ga. - 8.0mm |
|
|
FWC |
Front Wheel Cylinder |
|
|
FWD |
Front Wheel Drive. A
powertrain system which delivers engine power to a differential in the front
axle only. Contrast RWD, AWD, 4WD. |
|
|
FWD |
Front Wheel Drive |
|
|
G |
fuel code for
Gasoline. |
|
|
G |
Grams |
|
|
Gall |
A specific type of
wear between metal parts (usually rotating) in which a lack of lubricant
combined with high force results in specks of liquid metal being pushed into
balls which cut grooves into the parts and often lock them together. |
|
|
GALS |
Gallon |
|
|
Gap |
The distance between
a spark plug's ground & center electrodes. The gap determines the voltage
at which the coil fires, so too large a gap can damage the coil. Too small a
gap produces a small, cold spark, which results in incomplete ignition of the
fuel, low power, & high HC & CO emissions. |
|
|
Garter Spring |
A style of quick
connection used on some fuel or A/C line fittings comprising 2 tubular
fittings whose lips face each other. A coil spring fills the gap between the
tubes, and interferes with the lips, preventing them from separating until
the spring is pushed onto the inner (outward-facing) lip. Contrast Duckbill. |
|
|
GDI |
Gasoline Direct Injection |
|
|
GE |
fuel code for
Bi-Fuel, Gasoline/Ethanol. |
|
|
Gear-Drive |
An aftermarket
all-gear replacement for a timing chain. |
|
|
GEM |
Generic Electronic
Module a multi-function module used
for courtesy lighting, windows & locks, chimes, etc. AKA BCM, BSM, CSM… |
|
|
gen |
Generator |
|
|
GEN |
Generator |
|
|
Generator (GEN) |
A rotating machine
designed to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
AKA Alternator (a term trademarked by Chrysler Corporation). Early
types used an external fan and remote voltage regulator; modern types use an
internal fan and external or internal voltage regulator, sometimes controlled
by the PCM to achieve more efficient charging & longer battery life, as
well as to reduce the alternator load on the engine during peak demand. The
basic generator chassis produces an AC voltage (usually around 18.5V max)
which is rectified by high-current diodes to a rough DC voltage. This
roughness is smoothed by the battery, which is critical to protecting modern
electronics from voltage spikes which were acceptable in older vehicles. A
modern vehicle should never be operated with the battery disconnected. |
|
|
Glasspack |
An aftermarket
muffler that uses fiberglass between its outer shell & a perforated inner
pipe. Externally, it looks very similar to a Cherry Bomb, and is often
painted a similar red. It is popular because it fails to muffle, but is still
legal in most places. |
|
|
GM |
1) fuel code for
Bi-Fuel, Gasoline/Methanol; 2) Grand Marquis; 3) General Motors
Corporation. |
|
|
Gn |
Green wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
GND |
Ground. |
|
|
GND
or GRND |
Ground |
|
|
Gold
cadmium |
A type of plating used on some automotive parts such as
power brake boosters, fuel pumps, etc. Similar to silver cadmium only it has
a gold color. Example |
|
|
Gold
Plated Pins |
Some engine control
hardware has gold plated pins on the connectors and mating harness connectors
to improve electrical stability for low-current circuits and to enhance
corrosion resistance. The EEC components equipped with gold terminals will
vary by vehicle application. Damaged gold terminals should only be replaced
with new gold terminals. |
|
|
Goose |
A brief opening and
closing of the throttle (Dynamic Response test). |
|
|
Gooseneck |
a common medium-duty
hitch system characterized by a trailer tongue that arches over a pickup
truck's tailgate then drops to a ball mounted to the floor of the bed;
contrast Fifth Wheel. It is popular in agricultural applications. |
|
|
Gov-Lock |
An OE torque-biasing
differential offered in GM trucks. It is very effective, but very delicate
and has a history of exploding when overrevved. |
|
|
GPM |
Grams Per Mile;
Gallons Per Minute. |
|
|
GPS |
Global Positioning
System. A network of geostationary satellites, or a device used to monitor
signals from those satellites, and calculate its own position from that data. |
|
|
GPS |
Global Positioning System |
|
|
Grade |
1) a categorization
of strength, toughness, durability, heat resistance, & corrosion
resistance of fasteners. AKA Material Class in metric fasteners; 2) a
long inclined driving surface. |
|
|
Green
State Vehicle |
Formally known as
California Emissions. A vehicle that is equipped with California on-board
diagnostics. |
|
|
Grind |
A slow abrasive
noise, like driving slowly on rough pavement. See NVH. |
|
|
Grindbox |
(slang) A manual
transmission. Contrast Slushbox. |
|
|
Groan |
A medium steady
rumbling noise, like a continuous zipper. See NVH. |
|
|
Grocery-Getter
(GG) |
A disparaging term
for a vehicle that LOOKS like an SUV but actually isn't capable of
off-roading, hauling, or towing. It may also be used for a vehicle capable of
those activities, but not USED for them by its owner/driver. |
|
|
Ground
(GND) |
An electrical
conductor used as a common supply for electric circuits, and with a relative
zero potential, generally connected to the (-) battery terminal. Electrons
(which have a negative charge) flow out of this terminal, through the ground
system, to electrical & electronic components which consume their energy,
through fuses & control switches, and ultimately return to the battery
(+) terminal. Some vehicles & accessories use a positive-ground wiring
system. |
|
|
Ground
Effect |
1) The phenomenon by
which air at relatively low pressure captured between a vehicle & the
ground tends to lift the vehicle; 2) (slang) automotive bodywork added to
reduce the ground effect(1), such as a front air dam or side skirts. |
|
|
Ground
Plane |
A flat physical
surface (usually the ground or the metal body of a vehicle) directly under an
antenna used to reflect radio waves to or from that antenna. It must be
electrically grounded to the antenna to work. The concept is almost identical
to a fluorescent tube standing upright on a black surface. Without a
reflector at the bottom end, ~1/2 its output would strike the surface &
be lost; but with a ground-plane reflector, that energy is redirected up
& out, where it can be used. The term applies primarily to CB antennae on
vehicles, where the lack of a physical ground plane on one side of the
antenna (due to the antenna being installed on the side of the vehicle)
results in poor transmission/reception range on the side of the antenna with
no ground plane. |
|
|
Grounding |
1) connecting one
side of an electrical circuit to a common conductor (ground) to reduce the
number of wires needed when many circuits have access to this common
conductor (as the many circuits within a vehicle sharing the body &/or
frame); 2) the unwanted mechanical connection between a noisy part & the
passenger cabin of a vehicle. See NVH. |
|
|
Growl |
A low steady rumbling
noise, like a low note on an electric guitar. See NVH. |
|
|
GSS |
Gear Select Solenoid |
|
|
GT |
Grand Touring. A
style of vehicle with a better power-to-weight ratio than contemporary
vehicles, making it more suited to long-distance (high-speed) travel,
especially in the mountainous regions of Europe, where it can easily overtake
the slower local traffic. |
|
|
GVW |
Gross Vehicle Weight.
The maximum allowable curb weight of a vehicle. |
|
|
GVW |
Gross Vehicle Weight |
|
|
GVWR |
Gross vehicle weight rating |
|
|
GVWR |
Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating; GVW + cargo load. |
|
|
Gy |
Gray wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
H |
combustion code for
Hybrid Electric; chemical symbol for Hydrogen. |
|
|
H.E.I. |
High Energy Ignition |
|
|
H/D |
Heavy Duty |
|
|
H20 |
Water |
|
|
HAC |
High Altitude Compensation |
|
|
Hall Effect |
A process in which
current is passed through a small slice of semi-conductor material at the
same time as a magnetic field to produce a small voltage in the
semi-conductor. Compare Magneto-Resistive sensor. |
|
|
Halogen |
A group of chemicals
characterized by their ability to produce visible light when excited. They
are often used in incandescent bulbs, but are also used in certain
refrigerants for their other chemical characteristics. |
|
|
Hard
Fault |
A fault currently
detected by the system. |
|
|
Hardware
Limited Operating Strategy (HLOS) |
A mode of operation
where the PCM replaces output commands with fixed values in response to
certain PCM malfunctions. HLOS mode is used when the system fault(s) is too
extreme for the FMEM mode to handle. In HLOS mode, all software operations
have stopped and the processor is running on hardware control only. The
default strategy for this mode has a minimal calibration strictly to allow
the vehicle to operate until it can be serviced. NOTE In HLOS mode, Self-Test codes will not be
output. |
|
|
Harshness |
Any momentary
sensation that the driver finds objectionable. See NVH. |
|
|
HB |
Hydro-Boost. |
|
|
HC |
1) Hydrocarbon.; 2)
High Compression. |
|
|
HC |
Hydrocarbons |
|
|
HCA |
Hot Cranking
Amps the maximum amount of current a
12V battery can deliver for 10 seconds at 80°F without falling below 7.2V .
Compare CCA, CA, RC, Ah. |
|
|
HCF |
Hydraulic Cooling Fan |
|
|
HCFD |
Hydraulic Cooling Fan
Drive |
|
|
HD |
1) Heavy Duty; 2)
Hot-Dipped galvanized. |
|
|
HD,
H.D. |
Heavy duty |
|
|
HDL |
Headlamp. |
|
|
hdtp,
HDTP |
Hardtop |
|
|
Head |
See Cylinder Head. |
|
|
Header
or Header Pipe |
An exhaust manifold
fabricated from bent tubing (as opposed to being cast), usually tuned to
maximize scavenging from the combustion chambers, resulting in more power
from the engine. The tubes converge at the collector, which includes a
fitting to attach the exhaust system. Some are wrapped or coated to keep heat
in so that surrounding components are not damaged. Compare Shorty, Long-Tube
Header. |
|
|
Headlamp
(HDL) |
A logical input to a
module that indicates status of the headlamps. |
|
|
Heat
Exchanger |
Any device designed
to transfer heat from one fluid to another, including the radiator,
intercooler, ATF cooler, PSF cooler, engine oil cooler, heater core, &
evaporator core. Contrast Heat Sink. |
|
|
Heat
Gun |
An electric torch, or
hi-power hair dryer, used mainly for melting plastics & stripping paint. |
|
|
Heat
Riser Tube |
A small duct that
transfers warm air collected from around the exhaust manifold into the intake
system (generally on carburetors before the filter) to aid in fuel
vaporization in extreme cold weather. |
|
|
Heat
Sink |
Any conductive mass
designed to absorb & dissipate heat from other components, such as the
finned Aluminum casting used for '92-96 TFI-IV ignition modules. A heat sink
is distinct from a heat exchanger in that a sink transfers heat from a solid
to a solid, and then slowly radiates the heat (at a lower temperature) to a
static fluid. |
|
|
HEAT
VLV INT |
Heat Valve
Intake (carburetor/vacuum) regulates flow from the exhaust manifold
shroud through the heat riser tube to the intake system. AKA Heat Riser Valve |
|
|
Heated
Exhaust Gas Oxygen sensor (HEGO) |
An Oxygen Sensor
(O2S) that is electrically heated. AKA HO2S. |
|
|
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) |
An Oxygen Sensor
(O2S) that is electrically heated. AKA HEGO. |
|
|
HEGO |
Heated Exhaust Gas
Oxygen sensor. |
|
|
HEGO |
Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
HEI |
High Energy Ignition |
|
|
Heim |
A popular brand of
spherical rod end often used in suspension & steering modification. |
|
|
Helical
Gears |
An improved gear
design using spiral teeth on circular gears with parallel axes. The
advantages include less wear, less noise, more tooth contact, & constant
effective radius (smooth output). The disadvantage is an axial load. They are
commonly used in transmissions. Contrast Bevel, Herringbone, Hypoid, Spur,
Worm. |
|
|
Herringbone
Gears |
A rare improvement on
the Helical design in which each gear consists of 2 opposite-angle
helical-cut tooth sets, which eliminates any axial load. They are sometimes
used in transmissions. Contrast Helical, Bevel, Hypoid, Spur, Worm. |
|
|
Hex
or Hexadecimal |
a rare numbering
system using sixteen possible characters (usually 0-9 and A-F) in each digit.
'Hexadeci-' means sixteen. Nine is '9'; ten is 'A'; twelve is 'C'; fifteen is
'F'; sixteen is '10'; seventeen is '11'; thirty-one is '1F'; thirty-two is '20'. |
|
|
HFC |
1) Hydrofluorocarbon.
see Refrigerant; 2) High Fan Control. |
|
|
HFCF |
High Fan Control
Fault. |
|
|
HFP |
High Fuel Pump. |
|
|
Hg |
Mercury |
|
|
HGT |
Height |
|
|
HHDDE |
Heavy Heavy Duty
Diesel Engine. |
|
|
HHDE |
Heavy Heavy Duty
(gasoline, CNG, or FF) Engine. |
|
|
Hi
Perf. |
High Performance |
|
|
HICV |
Hot Idle Control
Valve (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
HID |
High-Intensity
Discharge. |
|
|
High
Fan Control (HFC) |
Controlling the high
speed cooling fan. |
|
|
High
Fuel Pump (HFP) |
An output circuit or
signal from the PCM which controls the high speed fuel pump. |
|
|
High
Pinion (HP) |
any differential
designed for the pinion gear's axis to be above the ring gear's axis. Some
require reverse-cut gearsets. The advantage is reduced driveshaft u-joint
flex angles; the disadvantage is reduced oiling of the pinion gear & its
bearings. |
|
|
High
Steer |
any modification of
the steering linkage that results in the tie rod assemblies being higher
above ground than stock. Most often, it involves re-cutting the tapers in the
steering knuckles so the TREs can mount from above. |
|
|
High
Swirl Combustion (HSC) |
A cylinder and piston
configuration that causes swirling of the air/fuel mixture in the cylinder. |
|
|
High-Energy
Ignition System (HEI) |
an ignition system
capable of higher-than stock voltage. It is largely a marketing gimmick, with
no appreciable performance or reliability improvement over most stock DI
systems. |
|
|
High-Intensity
Discharge (HID) |
A type of light bulb
which uses high voltage to produce visible light in a manner similar to that
of neon. They are much more efficient (less heat; lower current) than
incandescent bulbs. |
|
|
Hi-Po |
High Performance |
|
|
Hiss |
A steady high noise,
like an air leak from a tire. See NVH. |
|
|
Hitch |
A system of
mechanisms that joins 2 vehicles (usually a truck & a trailer) for
highway towing. The most popular styles are ball, pintle hook/lunette ring,
and 5th wheel. There are several types of ball hitch, including tongue and
goose-neck. Ball & pintle hitches can be bumper-mounted, or receiver
style. Common hitch receivers are built in 4 classes, based on load capacity,
with Class III (2" square, 5Kip pulling, 0.5Kip carrying) being the most
popular for light trucks. A hitch may also incorporate an anti-sway system
&/or a weight-distributing system. |
|
|
HLA |
Hydraulic Lash
Adjuster. |
|
|
HLDT |
Headlight |
|
|
HLOS |
Hardware Limited
Operating Strategy. |
|
|
HO |
High Output. |
|
|
HO |
High Output |
|
|
HO2S |
Heated Oxygen Sensor. |
|
|
HO2S |
Heated Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
Hog
Head |
(slang) see Third
Member. |
|
|
Hook
up |
1) gain adequate
traction; 2) connect with recovery equipment. |
|
|
Hot
Soak |
Period of time after
an engine operates when its internal heat has not yet dissipated into the
environment. |
|
|
HP |
1) HorsePower
(usually lower-case); 2) High Pinion; 3) High Performance |
|
|
HP |
High Performance or Horsepower |
|
|
hp,
HP |
Horsepower |
|
|
H-Pipe |
a method of
interconnecting the banks of a dual exhaust system in which a short tube is
welded between the 2 main pipes to regulate & tune the pressure waves
that cross between the banks. It is the most common factory type of dual
exhaust. |
|
|
HSC |
High Swirl
Combustion. |
|
|
HSC |
High Swirl Combustion |
|
|
HSO |
High Specific Output |
|
|
HT |
High Tension |
|
|
HTR |
Heater |
|
|
Hub |
The tubular rotating
flange containing wheel bearings to which brakes & wheels are mounted.
See also Hub Lock. |
|
|
Hub
Lock |
A mechanism for
connecting a hub to an axleshaft, most often on the front suspension of a 4WD
vehicle. They may be operated manually (the most common), pneumatically,
electrically, mechanically, or automatically (the 2nd most common).
Although some name-brand aftermarket manual hub locks have achieved an
elevated status, they are all virtually indistinguishable based on quality,
durability, & warranty. The only noticeable difference is in the ease of
operation of the selector knob. AKA (slang) Lockout, (slang) Locking Hub,
(slang) Hub. |
|
|
Hum |
A low varying noise,
like a distant light airplane. See NVH. |
|
|
Hydraulic |
any process, system,
or mechanism which operates on the incompressibility of liquids. |
|
|
Hydraulic
Lash Adjuster (HLA) |
A mechanism similar
to a (solid) lifter which uses engine oil pressure to automatically adjust
the valvetrain. AKA Tappet. |
|
|
Hydraulic'ed
or HydroLocked |
A condition in which
a piston engine has ingested a liquid into the cylinders, causing severe
mechanical damage due to the fact that liquids cannot be compressed. It
occurs most often when fording deeper than the air inlet duct, but can also
occur from fuel flooding. |
|
|
HydroBoost
(HB) |
A trademark name for
a hydraulic brake booster. Most use fluid & pressure from the power
steering pump, but some use a dedicated belt-driven pump & fluid system,
or a dedicated electric pump with a pressurized reservoir.
Contrast Vacuum Booster. |
|
|
Hydrogen |
A highly flammable
gas element. Chemical symbol H. |
|
|
Hydrogen
Cell |
an extremely
efficient electrical generator with no moving parts, powered by refrigerated
(liquefied) Hydrogen & Oxygen, producing only electricity & water.
Often used in spacecraft. |
|
|
Hydrogen
Generator |
An aftermarket or
homemade device usually consisting of a glass jar containing water and a
heating element (usually INcorrectly referred to as an electrode) with a hose
leading to the intake manifold. Proponents suggest that the bubbles coming
off the element are pure Hydrogen, and that the energy it adds to the
combustion chamber is greater than that required to generate the electricity
consumed by the device, making it economical. There is no scientific basis
for this belief, and water cannot be hydrolyzed by a single electrode. Even
those few with 2 electrodes that actually hydrolyze water are consuming more
electricity than the engine produces as a result of the generator's activity,
and are therefore reducing the overall efficiency. |
|
|
HydroLock |
See Hydraulic. |
|
|
Hypoid
Gears |
A complex gear system
using spiral teeth on non-intersecting non-parallel shafts. They combine the
benefits of Helical gears with Bevel, but the teeth abrade each other. They
are commonly used in axles. Contrast Bevel, Helical, Herringbone, Spur, Worm. |
|
|
Hz |
Hertz. A measure of
frequency in cycles per second. |
|
|
Hz |
Hertz(Cycles Per Second) |
|
|
i |
the standard
engineering abbreviation for electrical current, measured in Amperes |
|
|
I.D. |
Inside dimension |
|
|
I.D. |
Inside Diameter |
|
|
IAB |
Idle Air Bypass; see
IAC. |
|
|
IAC |
Idle Air Control. |
|
|
IACV |
Idle Air Control Valve |
|
|
IAT |
Intake Air
Temperature. AKA ACT |
|
|
IAT |
Intake Air Temperature |
|
|
IATS |
Intake Air Temperature Sensor |
|
|
IC |
Integrated Circuit |
|
|
ICM |
Ignition Control
Module. |
|
|
ICM |
Ignition Control Module |
|
|
ICS |
Idle Control Solenoid |
|
|
ID |
Identification |
|
|
IDI |
Indirect Injection. |
|
|
Idle Air Control (IAC) |
A pulse-modulated
solenoid valve which controls throttle bypass air to help control engine idle
RPM. AKA Bypass Air Idle Speed Control solenoid (BPA-ISC). |
|
|
IDM |
Ignition Diagnostic
Monitor. |
|
|
IFI |
Indirect Fuel Injection |
|
|
IFS |
1. Independent Front
Suspension; 2. Inertia Fuel Shutoff switch. |
|
|
IGN |
Ignition |
|
|
IGN
GND |
Ignition Ground. |
|
|
Ignition |
System used to
provide high voltage spark for internal combustion engines. |
|
|
Ignition
Control Module (ICM) |
The module that
controls the ignition system. |
|
|
Ignition
Diagnostic Monitor (IDM) |
A signal or circuit
from the ignition control module to the EEC/PCM. Compare SPOUT. |
|
|
II |
Integrated Ignition;
see EDIS. |
|
|
Imp |
Impala |
|
|
IMRC |
Intake Manifold
Runner Control. |
|
|
IMRC |
Intake Manifold Runner Control |
|
|
IMS |
Inferred Mileage
Sensor. Compare Combo, EMW. |
|
|
IMS-EUL |
Inferred Mileage
Sensor/Extended Useful Life Module. See Combo. |
|
|
IMT |
Intake Manifold
Tuning. |
|
|
In. |
Inches |
|
|
in.
Hg |
Inches of Mercury |
|
|
Incandescent
Bulb |
The earliest type of
electric light; it operates by passing current through a resistive filament
within an inert gas, generating enough heat to maket the filament glow. The
inert environment prolongs the life of the filament (usually Tungsten), and
certain gases (halogens) accentuate the light produced. They are relatively
inefficient & fragile. Compare HID, Fluorescent, LED. |
|
|
Inch
Lbs. |
Inch Pounds |
|
|
Independent
Front Suspension (IFS) or Independent Rear Suspension (IRS) |
A suspension system
which allows either wheel to travel without inducing travel in the opposite
wheel. Most incorporate a linkage which partially defeats this function
called an anti-sway bar. They have the advantages of lower unsprung weight,
better handling, & a smoother ride, but the disadvantages of more complex
& delicate construction, more wearing parts, and more expensive
alignment. Contrast Solid Axle. |
|
|
Independent
Shop |
An auto repair
business not associated with a vehicle manufacturer. |
|
|
Indexing |
A procedure for
installing spark plugs so that their ground electrodes all point the same
direction within the combustion chambers, theoretically to produce smoother,
more-reliable power from the engine by causing all chambers to experience
precisely the same (and possibly the ideal) propagation of the flame front. |
|
|
Indirect
Injection (IDI) |
A diesel cylinder
head design in which the fuel injector pintle is recessed in a pocket outside
the combustion chamber. |
|
|
Induction |
1) the process of
moving air into an engine; 2) an electromagnetic process by which energy is
transferred without physical contact. It is the basis for solenoids, motors,
transformers, & induction heaters. |
|
|
Inertia |
The physical tendency
of a mass (an object) to maintain its current speed & direction (even if
stopped) until acted on by an external force. Compare Momentum. |
|
|
Inertia Switch or Inertia
Fuel Shutoff (IFS) |
A safety system or
device used on vehicles with an electric fuel pump that shuts off the fuel
delivery system when activated by predetermined force limits. |
|
|
Inferred
Mileage Sensor/Extended Useful Life Module (IMS-EUL) |
Sometimes referred to
as 'Infrared Mileage...' due to a typo in the Haynes manual. See Combo. |
|
|
In-House |
Repairs performed at
the shop where the owner left the vehicle. Most jobs are this category.
Contrast Sublet. |
|
|
Inj. |
Injector |
|
|
Injection
Pressure (IP) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the pressure in the fuel rail. |
|
|
Injector |
A device for
delivering metered pressurized fuel to the intake system or the cylinders.
AKA fuel injector. |
|
|
INT
MAN |
Intake manifold - the
source of vacuum (on gas engines) to all vacuum-operated
devices (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
int,
Int |
Interior |
|
|
Intake
Air |
Air drawn through a
cleaner, regulated by a throttle, and distributed to each cylinder by a
manifold for use in combustion. |
|
|
Intake
Air Temperature (IAT) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the temperature of the intake air. It may be in a
runner in the intake manifold, in the air cleaner, or in the duct
between them. AKA ACT. |
|
|
Intake
Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) |
A system, signal, or
circuit which controls airflow through runners in the intake manifold. |
|
|
Intake
Manifold Tuning (IMT) |
Control of airflow
through runners in a split intake manifold. |
|
|
Integral |
Incorporated by
design as a permanent feature of a part. Said of bellhousings, washers,
differential carriers. Contrast Captive. |
|
|
Integrated
Electronic Ignition (EI) |
An Electronic
Ignition system that has the Ignition Control Module (ICM) integrated into
the PCM. |
|
|
Integrated
Vehicle Speed Control (IVSC) |
Cruise control system
incorporated within the PCM, used primarily on diesels & vehicles with
electronically-controlled throttle. |
|
|
Intercooler |
A component or system
designed to cool the intake air, which has been heated by forced induction.
The removal of heat from the pressurized air going into the intercooler
increases the air density, which improves combustion efficiency, engine
horsepower and torque. On some gasoline engines, the system consists of an
additional radiator in the grille, a reservoir (independent from engine
cooling system), an electric water pump, a heat exchanger (intercooler)
located in the lower intake manifold and tubing to interconnect these
components. On most diesel engines, heated & pressurized intake air from
the turbocharger outlet is routed to a heat exchanger in the grille forward
of the radiator, and then back to the intake manifold(s). |
|
|
Intermittent |
1. A fault that may
not be present or identifiable currently; 2. A wiper system or setting that
pauses the motor to reduce smearing & noise. |
|
|
IP |
Injection Pressure. |
|
|
IP |
Injector Pump (diesel applications) |
|
|
IP |
Instrument Panel (also see below) |
|
|
IRS |
Independent Rear
Suspension. |
|
|
ISC |
Idle Speed Control;
see IAC. |
|
|
ISC |
Idle Speed Control |
|
|
ISO |
1) International
Standards Organization; 2) Isolate, Isolation. |
|
|
ISO |
International Standards Organization |
|
|
ITCS |
Ignition Timing Control System |
|
|
ITS |
Idle Tracking Switch |
|
|
IVR |
Instrument cluster
Voltage Regulator; a calibrated thermostatic switch that regulates power (not
voltage) going to an older thermal gauge that still uses a sender designed
for 6VDC systems. |
|
|
IVSC |
Integrated Vehicle
Speed Control. |
|
|
IVSV |
Idle Vacuum Switching Valve |
|
|
IVV |
Thermactor Idle
Vacuum Valve (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
IWE |
Integrated Wheel End;
a vacuum-operated hub lock & unit bearing system used on some '04-up Ford
trucks. |
|
|
J/B |
Junction Block |
|
|
Jamb
Nut |
A nut (usually
thinner & harder than a standard nut of the same thread size) used to
lock a sleeve or an adjacent nut on a threaded shaft by being tightened
against it until both nuts bind. |
|
|
JAS |
Jet Air System |
|
|
J-Nut |
A stamped, formed,
& hardened sheet metal nut that is J-shaped to slip over an edge. It
provides a stronger threading surface for a bolt or screw than the material
onto which it is installed. Unlike a U-nut, the male fastener passes through
a hole in only one layer of the J-nut. |
|
|
Jumper
Battery |
A portable 12V
battery with cables & clamps capable of supplying over 120A to a vehicle.
Most include an integrated 110VAC charging system and diagnostic charge
indicator. Some may include flashlight, air compressor, inverter, radio, etc.
AKA Booster Pack. |
|
|
Jumper
Cables |
A pair of heavy wires
with a connector or clamps capable of supplying over 120A from one vehicle to
another for the purpose of instantly starting the engine whose battery is
weak, or for slowly charging a dead battery. Longer wires must be of heavier
gauge to carry enough current. They may also be used for battery welding.
Contrast Booster Cables. |
|
|
JY |
Junkyard. |
|
|
K |
Thousand |
|
|
k/ohms |
kilo ohms or Kilohms (1000 ohms) |
|
|
Kanooter Valve or Kanuter Valve or Kneuter Valve |
A joke among
mechanics & gearheads to detect amateurs. See KaleCo Automotive. |
|
|
Keep
Alive Memory (KAM) |
A volatile portion of
the PCM memory where (among other things) adaptive strategies & certain
fault codes are stored. KAM must maintain power (KAPWR) even when the vehicle
is not operating. |
|
|
Keep
Alive Power (KAPWR) |
Dedicated, unswitched
power circuit that maintains KAM. Disconnecting the battery for more than
~2min depletes the PCM's built-in backup KAPWR, and causes the KAM to be
lost. |
|
|
Key
On Engine Off Self-Test (KOEO) |
A test of the EEC
system conducted by the PCM with power applied and the engine at rest. Only
basic circuit functions are tested; not the logic of the outputs. |
|
|
Key
On Engine Running Self-Test (KOER) |
A test of the EEC
system conducted by the PCM with the engine running and the vehicle at rest.
In addition to all KOEO functionality, KOER also checks the logic of certain
signals to certain others. E.g., a high MAF reading with a low RPM will generate
a KOER DTC. |
|
|
Keyless
Entry (KE) |
A system using a
keypad on the driver's door to allow operation of the PL, courtesy lights,
& trunk. Contrast Remote Keyless Entry (RKE). |
|
|
Keystone Clamp |
A simple hose clamp
comprising a strap loop with a flat-topped arch buckled into it. When the
legs of the arch are crimped toward each other, the clamp tightens & the
arch becomes a triangle, similar in shape to a keystone. |
|
|
kg |
kilograms (weight) |
|
|
kg/cm |
Kilograms Per Square Centimeter |
|
|
kHz |
Kilohertz |
|
|
Kip |
thousand pounds;
Kilo-pounds; x,000lbs. |
|
|
kit |
Multiple pieces |
|
|
Km |
Kilometers |
|
|
km,
Km |
Kilometers |
|
|
KM/H |
Kilometers Per Hour |
|
|
Knock |
1) The sharp metallic
sound produced when two pressure fronts collide in the combustion chamber of
an engine. It may be caused by hotspots in the combustion chamber (either
from poor engine design, carbon buildup, or overheating), high compression,
low octane numbered fuel, a lean condition, low oil pressure, valvetrain
slack, ignition timing too far advanced (high BTDC), insufficient EGR flow,
or incorrect spark plugs. It can cause severe engine damage, including
burning through pistons, valve or head damage, overheating, catalyst damage,
exhaust leaks, ruptured head gaskets, or backfire (and that resulting
damage). AKA Valve Clatter, Dieseling, Preignition, Detonation, Pinging. 2)
Any heavy repeating sound, like brick falling on pavement. |
|
|
Knock
Sensor (KS) |
A peizolectric sensor
installed in the engine block which detects any vibration similar to engine
knock. According to some Ford engineers, it causes worse performance than it
prevents. If unplugging it causes a code, unscrew it from the block, reconnect
it, and tape it to the harness so it can't touch anything metallic. |
|
|
Knock-Off |
1) (slang) a cheap
copy; 2) a style of wheel retained on the axle by a single central nut
designed to be loosened by striking a wing with a lead hammer, common on
antique cars. |
|
|
KOEC |
Key On, Engine Cranking |
|
|
KOEO |
Key On Engine Off. |
|
|
KOEO |
Key On, Engine Off |
|
|
KOER |
Key On Engine
Running. |
|
|
KOER |
Key On, Engine Running |
|
|
KPA |
Kilopascal. Metric
unit of pressure. 3.386 kPa = 1 inch of mercury (Hg.). |
|
|
kPa |
kilopascals |
|
|
KPH |
Kilometers Per Hour.
Metric unit of speed. 1.6 KPH = 1 MPH; 0.6 MPH = 1 KPH. |
|
|
KS |
Knock Sensor. |
|
|
KS |
Knock Sensor |
|
|
Ksi |
thousand psi;
Kilo-pounds per square inch; x,000 psi. |
|
|
kV |
Kilovolt |
|
|
kW
– Kilowatt |
|
|
|
L |
1) Liters. Metric
unit of volume; 2) Left, from the operator's perspective while the vehicle is
in motion; 3) Lightning. |
|
|
L |
Liter |
|
|
L.O.F |
Lube, oil & filter |
|
|
L.P.O. |
Limited Production Order |
|
|
L/D |
Light Duty |
|
|
L/R |
Left/Right |
|
|
L/S
or LSD |
Limited-Slip
Differential. |
|
|
Ladder
Frame |
The most common style
of frame consisting of 2 parallel members (frame rails, roughly horizontal)
running the full length of the vehicle, and connected by perpendicular
members (crossmembers). The rails & crossmembers may be channels or
tubular (boxed). Contrast Unibody, Monocoque, Subframe. |
|
|
Lake
Pipes |
A popular brand of
sidepipe, offered as OE on some vehicles like the '67 Corvette L88. |
|
|
LB |
Long bed |
|
|
LB |
1) Light Blue wire or
vacuum line; 2) (lb) librae (Latin) = pounds |
|
|
lb./ft. |
Pound Feet |
|
|
lbf |
pounds force,
distinguished from lbm (pounds mass). |
|
|
lb-ft |
pound-feet; a measure
of torque (typically used for STATIC torque, as in tightening fasteners). 1
lb-ft = 1 lbf at 1 ft from the center of rotation = 2 lbf @ 0.5' = 10 lbf @
0.1'... |
|
|
lbm |
pounds mass,
distinguised from lbf (pounds force). |
|
|
lbs. |
Pounds |
|
|
LCD |
Liquid Crystal
Display. |
|
|
LCD |
Liquid Crystal Display |
|
|
LCM |
Lighting Control
Module - an electronic component that controls vehicle lighting, inside &
out. |
|
|
LCV |
EGR Load Control
Valve (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
LD |
Light Duty |
|
|
LD,
L.D. |
Left hand drive |
|
|
LDDT |
Light Duty Diesel
Truck. |
|
|
LDT |
Light Duty (gasoline,
CNG, or FF) Truck. |
|
|
LDV |
Light Duty (gasoline,
CNG, or FF) Vehicle, generally passenger cars and light trucks under 6000
pounds GVWR. |
|
|
Leakdown
Test |
a specialized test of
a cylinder's ability to hold pressure. Compare Compression Test. |
|
|
Lean |
1) a fuel/air mixture
that has more air than is necessary for the fuel to burn. In gasoline
engines, it results in slightly more power, but also excessive heat and a
tendency to detonate rather than burn. The excess heat also leads to the
formation of NOx, oxidation of Aluminum pistons & heads, and overheating.
In diesel engines, the engine runs cooler & makes less power. Contrast
Rich. 2) a side tilt, as viewed from front or rear. |
|
|
LED |
Light-Emitting Diode |
|
|
LED |
Light Emitting Diode |
|
|
LED
Display |
A digital electronic
display consisting of an array of LEDs, used to generate characters, symbols,
& patterns. Very large displays using several colors of LED can be used
to create video displays, such as on blimps. Contrast LCD, VFD. |
|
|
Left,
Left side |
The driver side of vehicle |
|
|
LEV |
Low Emission Vehicle. |
|
|
Lf,
LF, L.F. |
Left front |
|
|
LFC |
Low Fan Control. |
|
|
LFP |
Low Fuel Pump. |
|
|
LG |
Light Green wire or
vacuum line. |
|
|
LH |
Left hand |
|
|
LHD |
Left-Hand Drive. |
|
|
LHD |
Left Hand Drive |
|
|
LHDE |
Light Heavy Duty
Engine. |
|
|
LHF |
Left Hand Front, from
the operator's perspective while the vehicle is in motion. |
|
|
LHR |
Left Hand Rear, from
the operator's perspective while the vehicle is in motion. |
|
|
LHS |
Left Hand Side, from
the operator's perspective while the vehicle is in motion. |
|
|
LIFO |
Last In First Out. A
stock management pattern. Contrast LILO, FIFO, FILO. |
|
|
Lift |
1) Any modification
that raises a vehicle's ride height, measured at the top of the arch above
each wheel. See Tire Lift, Suspension
Lift, Body Lift; 2) A machine to raise an entire vehicle off the ground for service. |
|
|
Lifter |
An engine part which
rides against a cam lobe and operates a pushrod, rocker arm, or valve
(directly). Most rotate to reduce wear, and some are hydraulically adjusted.
Some have a roller that rides against the cam lobes to reduce friction. AKA
Tappet, HLA. |
|
|
Light
Truck |
A truck with a
nominal cargo capacity less than 2 tons. Contrast Convertible, Coupe, Pickup,
Roadster, Sedan, Van, Wagon-body. |
|
|
Light-Emitting
Diode |
An electronic device
which uses semiconductor material to generate light. They are very efficient
(very little heat compared to the light output) and have extremely long
lifespans. Contrast Incandescent Bulb. See LED Display. |
|
|
Lightning |
A high-performance
option package created by Ford SVO/SVT for F150 XLTs including (among MANY
other things) the largest 1/2-ton engine for the given model year & a
monochromatic paint scheme either in black, red, or white with
"Lightning" logos inside & out. Only one Lightning Bronco was
produced for a Ford executive. Compare Custom, XL, XLS, XLT, XLT Sport, Nite,
Eddie Bauer. |
|
|
LILO |
Last In Last Out. A
stock management pattern. Contrast LIFO, FIFO, FILO. |
|
|
Limited
Slip Posi |
A rear that allows the
opposite wheel to engage if the other begins to spin |
|
|
Limited-Slip
Differential (LSD or L/S) |
A type of
differential which uses constant friction in an attempt to keep both outputs
turning at the same speed, while still allowing true differentiation when
necessary. Contrast Open Differential, Locker, Torque-Biasing Differential,
Spool. |
|
|
Lincoln-Locker |
An OE open
differential which has been welded solid, into a spool. It is named for the
popular brand of welding machine. If done incorrectly, the axleshafts can
never be removed, OR it can shatter during extreme use. |
|
|
Liquid
Crystal Display (LCD) |
A digital electronic
display which uses a thin layer of liquid crystal between layers of glass,
and behind a polarizing filter. Transparent electrical terminals are embedded
in the liquid layer so that, when a voltage is applied, the crystals polarize
the light passing through them. The interaction between the crystals &
the polarizing filter results in some areas of the display being black while
others remain transparent. LCDs do not generate light, but can be placed in
front of reflectors or lights to increase contrast. Common applications
include pocket calculators, wristwatches, digital wall clocks, & certain
computer monitors and TV screens. The effect is that characters or images can
be generated in the shapes of the terminals in the display. Contrast LED, LED
Display, VFD. |
|
|
Liquid
Wrench |
a brand name of
penetrating oil. |
|
|
LLT |
Limited LifeTime
warranty. |
|
|
LNG |
Liquified Natural
Gas. See Natural Gas. Compare CNG; contrast LPG. |
|
|
Locked |
1) equipped with a
locking differential (or several); 2) (fasteners) prevented from turning
&/or loosening due to vibration or load; contrast Seized. |
|
|
Locked
up |
1) (engine) seized;
2) (differential) see Locked. |
|
|
Locker
or Locking Differential or Full-Locker |
A mechanism which
replaces the standard differential carrier and semi-permanently connects 2
output shafts (as in a differential) using springs & meshed teeth, but no
gears. It does not provide true differentiation, but does allow the shafts to
rotate at different speeds under certain conditions. The most popular is the
Detroit Locker, now owned by Eaton. Contrast Selectable Locker, Mini-Locker,
Open Differential, Limited-Slip Differential, Torque-Biasing Differential,
Spool. |
|
|
Locking
Hub or Lockout |
(slang) See Hub Lock. |
|
|
Long
block |
An engine that has heads
installed. (Also see Short block) |
|
|
Long
Block |
An engine assembly
consisting of a cylinder block, a crankshaft, all the bearings, all the
connecting rods, all the pistons and rings, all the cylinder heads, a
camshaft, timing gears/chains/covers, the assembled valvetrain, & most of
the seals. Some also include an oil pump, an oil pan, a water pump, an intake
manifold, a distributor, & a gasket set. Contrast Short Block,
Smallblock, Bigblock. |
|
|
Long
Term Fuel Trim (LONGFT1 and 2) |
While the engine is
operating in closed loop fuel, the short term fuel trim corrections can be
'learned' by the PCM as long term fuel trim corrections. These corrections
are stored in keep alive memory (KAM) in tables that are referenced by engine
speed and load (and by bank for engines with two HO2S sensors forward of the
catalyst). Learning the corrections in KAM improves both open loop and closed
loop air/fuel ratio control. Advantages include short term fuel trim does not have to
generate new corrections each time the engine goes into closed loop; and,
long term fuel trim corrections can be used both while in open loop and
closed loop modes. Long term fuel trim is represented as a percentage, just
like short term fuel trim, however it is not a single parameter. There is a
separate long term fuel trim value that is used for each rpm/load point of
engine operation. Long term fuel trim corrections may change depending on the
operating conditions of the engine (rpm and load), ambient air temperature
and fuel quality (% alcohol, oxygenates, etc.). When viewing the LONGFT1/2
PID(s), the values may change a great deal as the engine is operated at
different rpm and load points. The LONGFT1/2 PID(s) will display the long
term fuel trim correction that is currently being used at that rpm/load
point. |
|
|
Long-Tube
Header |
A header whose
collector is below the oil pan or outside the frame rails. See Header.
Compare Shorty. |
|
|
Low
Fan Control (LFC) |
Controlling the low
speed cooling fan. |
|
|
Low
Fuel Pump (LFP) |
An output circuit or
signal from the PCM which controls the low speed fuel pump. |
|
|
LPG |
Liquified Petroleum
Gas. See Natural Gas. |
|
|
Lr,
LR, L.R. |
Left rear |
|
|
LT |
Light Truck; a truck
in the 1/2- to 2-ton cargo range between 72 & 80" wide with a ladder
frame. |
|
|
LTFT |
Long Term Fuel Trim |
|
|
LUBR |
Lifted Uncut early
BRonco. |
|
|
Lunchbox
Locker |
A simplified type of
aftermarket locking differential which only requires replacing the internals;
not the entire carrier. They are considered weaker for several reasons. AKA
Mini-locker. |
|
|
Lunette
Eye |
a heavy-duty hitch
system characterized by a large cast-steel ring (the eye) gripped by a pintle
hook. It is popular in US military applications, and for tandem heavy truck
trailers. |
|
|
LVW |
Loaded Vehicle
Weight, defined by Curb Weight + 300 lbs. |
|
|
LWB |
Long Wheel Base |
|
|
LWR |
Lower |
|
|
M |
fuel code for
Methanol |
|
|
M/T |
Manual
Transmission/Transaxle. |
|
|
M5HD |
ZF S5-45 M5OD-HD
manual 5-sp OD heavy-duty transmission. |
|
|
M5OD |
A designation for 3
distinct manual transmissions the
Mazda M5OD-R1 used in mid-sized trucks; the Mazda M5OD-R2 (M5OD-LD)
used in fullsize light trucks; and 2 similar ZF models the S5-42 (M5OD-LD)
& the S5-45 (M5OD-HD, or M5HD) used in fullsize heavy-duty
light trucks. All have an Aluminum case with integral bellhousing, and were
available in 2- or 4WD configurations. The Mazdas are considered unreliable
and are commonly referred to as "Mazdog". The ZF, though not
without its own problems, is highly sought-after as an upgrade transmission;
particularly the 4WD versions. |
|
|
M85 |
Fuel containing 85%
methanol alcohol. Fuel methanol (M85) is a mixture of approximately 85%
commercial grade methanol (M100) and 15% unleaded gasoline. The resulting
fuel has a higher octane rating than unleaded regular gasoline, allowing
engine designs with higher compression and corresponding greater engine
efficiency and performance (power). Winter blends may contain up to 30%
unleaded gasoline to enhance cold engine starts, hence the sometimes-used
M85-M70 designation. Severely cold weather may require additional measures
for reliable starting. Methanol corrodes some metals and may cause some
plastic and rubber components to swell, break down or become brittle and
crack, especially when mixed with gasoline. Special materials and procedures
have been developed for vehicles and the dispensers used by M85 fuel
providers. Since methanol has less energy per gallon, fuel economy in miles
per gallon will decrease as the percentage of methanol goes up. However, the
FFV uses more of the energy available in the fuel when running on M85-M70
than on gasoline. Flexible fuel vehicles burning fuel methanol have lower
exhaust emissions than comparable gasoline vehicles. |
|
|
mA |
Milliamps |
|
|
MA/MAF |
Mass Air Flow |
|
|
MacPherson
Strut |
A combined suspension
mechanism, incorporating a coilover shock (sometimes as a replaceable
cartridge on early versions), an upper pivoting mount, and a rigid lower
mount that attaches to a spindle or steering knuckle. It is commonly used on
front-wheel-drive & unibody vehicles to save weight & complexity, at
the expense of ruggedness and replacement costs. This design eliminates the
need for an upper control arm, due to the strut's rigid lower mount
controlling the spindle/knuckle in all angles except steering. Contrast
Coilover Shock. |
|
|
MAF |
Mass Air Flow. |
|
|
MAF
RTN |
Mass Air Flow Return. |
|
|
MAFS |
Mass Air Flow Sensor |
|
|
MagnaFlux |
A process using
electromagnetic induction & powdered iron dust to detect flaws in
magnetizable parts. The dust particles collect near fractures, making them
easier to identify, evaluate, &/or repair. |
|
|
Malfunction
Indicator Lamp (MIL) |
A required on-board
indicator to alert the driver of an emission related malfunction. May read
either 'CHECK ENGINE' or 'SERVICE ENGINE SOON.' Compare CEL, SES. |
|
|
Mall-Crawler |
a vehicle apparently
well-equipped for extreme off-roading (or its owner), but meticulously clean
& undamaged, indicating total lack of such use. AKA Poser. |
|
|
MAN VAC |
Manifold Vacuum (carburetor/vacuum).
Measurement can yield valuable diagnostic information about the engine. |
|
|
man,
Man |
Manual |
|
|
Manifold |
A device designed to
collect or distribute a fluid, like air, exhaust, coolant, or fuel. |
|
|
Manifold Absolute Pressure
(MAP) |
A sensor which
detects the absolute pressure of the intake manifold air. |
|
|
Manual Lever Position
Switch (MLPS or MLP) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the selected drive modes of the transmission. AKA
NSS, PNP, TR, DTR. |
|
|
MAP |
Manifold Absolute
Pressure. |
|
|
MAP |
Manifold Absolute Pressure |
|
|
Marvel Mystery Oil (MMO) |
An aftermarket brand
of fluids; particularly, an oil/fuel additive that looks similar to ATF. |
|
|
Mass Air Flow (MAF) |
A system
or sensor which provides information on the mass flow rate of the
intake air to the EEC/PCM for engine management. |
|
|
Mass
Air Flow Return (MAF RTN) |
A return (ground)
circuit for the MAF sensor signal. |
|
|
MAT |
Manifold Air Temperature |
|
|
Match
Mounting Tires |
A technique used to
reduce radial runout and tire spring rate on tire and wheel assemblies.
Excessive runout is a source of ride complaints and match mounting can be
used to minimize the runout. There are two ways to use match mounting positioning of the tire on the wheel and
positioning the wheel on the hub. |
|
|
MayPops |
(slang) cheap or
treadbare tires. |
|
|
MC |
Master Cylinder; the
input device for a manual (pedal) hydraulic system. Commonly used in
hydraulic brake & clutch systems, sometimes sharing a reservoir. See
Slave Cylinder. |
|
|
MCS |
Mixture Control Solenoid |
|
|
MCT |
Manifold Charge Temperature |
|
|
MCU |
Motronic Control
Unit. See EEC. |
|
|
MD |
Misfire Detection. |
|
|
Mechanical Secondary Air
Injection |
A pump driven system
for providing secondary air using a belt driven pump. Contrast Pulse Air
Injection System & Electronic Secondary Air Injection. |
|
|
Mem. |
Memory |
|
|
MEM/CAL |
Memory Calibration Chip |
|
|
Methanol |
Wood alcohol; CH3OH.
An inexpensive but poisonous fuel additive used to reduce the cost of fuel,
and emissions. Blends containing more than ~5% methanol require special
engine management & fuel system materials. See M85. |
|
|
mfd. |
Microfarads |
|
|
MFI |
Multiport Fuel
Injection. |
|
|
MFI |
Multiport Fuel Injection |
|
|
MFS |
Multi-Function
Switch. |
|
|
MHDDE |
Medium Heavy Duty
Diesel Engine. |
|
|
MHDE |
Medium Heavy Duty
(gasoline, CNG, or FF) Engine. |
|
|
mi,
Mi |
Miles |
|
|
Microprocessor |
A digital processor
on a chip which performs logical operations on data. |
|
|
MIL |
Malfunction Indicator
Lamp. |
|
|
MIL |
Malfunction Indicator Light |
|
|
Military
Wrap |
A method of
reinforcing a leaf spring pack by wrapping the 2nd leaf around the eyes on
the 1st leaf. If the eye fails, the 2nd wrap secures the pack to the vehicle
temporarily. |
|
|
MilSpec |
Military
Specifications; a stringent set of design standards for almost any part or
material. |
|
|
Mini-Locker |
An aftermarket part
which replaces the contents of an open differential carrier with a spring
& tooth mechanism to semi-permanently lock the outputs together. Contrast
Locker (Full-Locker). |
|
|
Mini-Spool |
An aftermarket part
which replaces the contents of an open differential carrier in order to lock
the outputs together. Contrast Spool (Full-Spool). |
|
|
Minivan |
A midsize passenger
van under 5000lbs GVWR, generally unibody FWD. |
|
|
Mint |
a vehicle that has
been returned to its original condition, as it might have appeared on a
dealer's lot after being prepped for delivery. |
|
|
Misfire
(Miss) |
Any event in the
cylinder that causes a sudden change (decrease) in the speed of the
crankshaft. |
|
|
Misfire Detection (MD) |
Circuitry designed to
detect a misfire by monitoring changes in acceleration of a wheel mounted on
the crankshaft through a CKP. |
|
|
mldg |
Molding |
|
|
MLPS or MLP |
Manual Lever Position
Switch. See also DTR. |
|
|
mm |
Millimeters |
|
|
Modular |
A Ford V engine
family introduced in the early 90s in which each head and the block were
considered "modules". It includes the 4.6L V8, 5.4L V8, 8.0L V10,
5.0L V8, & 6.2L V8. |
|
|
Module |
A self-contained
group of electrical/electronic components, which is designed as a single
replaceable unit. |
|
|
Momentum |
the quantity of
energy carried by a moving mass, relative to some fixed point. High speed
&/or mass results in high momentum. |
|
|
Monitor
Box |
An optional EEC
system test device which connects in series with the PCM and its harness and
permits measurements of PCM inputs and outputs. |
|
|
Monocoque |
A lightweight style
of vehicle construction used in early race cars & airplanes consisting of
a stressed structural skin, to which all other components are attached.
Contrast Unibody, Ladder Frame. |
|
|
Motor |
1. A device which
converts electrical energy into rotating mechanical energy; 2. A device which
converts vacuum into linear motion (vacuum motor); 3. An engine (slang) |
|
|
Mount |
A mechanical
connection that holds a major component to a vehicle's chassis, such as an
engine mount (motor mount), transmission mount, or body mount. Most isolate
the component's vibrations from the chassis with rubber &/or a viscous
fluid (fluid mount), usually silicone grease or oil. Solid mounts are used in
high-load appliacations where occupant comfort is less of a concern than
absolute reliability, such as engine mounts for flat-track racers. |
|
|
mouse,
Mouse, Mouse motor |
Small block Chevy engine |
|
|
MPG |
Miles Per Gallon |
|
|
MPG |
Miles Per Gallon |
|
|
mpg,
Mpg, MPG |
Miles per gallon |
|
|
MPH |
Miles Per Hour |
|
|
MPH |
Miles Per Hour |
|
|
mph,
Mph, MPH |
Miles per hour |
|
|
MPI |
Multi Point (Fuel) Injection |
|
|
MPV |
Multi Purpose Vehicle |
|
|
ms |
Millisecond |
|
|
MT,
man |
Manual transmission |
|
|
Muffler |
A resonating chamber
used to reduce sound emissions in an airflow, usually engine exhaust. |
|
|
Muffler Bearing |
A joke among
mechanics & gearheads to detect amateurs. See KaleCo Automotive. |
|
|
Multi-Function Switch (MFS) |
A switch that
combines the functions of turn signal, hazard, beam select, flash-to-pass,
wiper & interval, and sometimes cornering lamp control. |
|
|
Multiplexing |
The process of
communicating several messages over the same signal path. The increased
number of modules on the vehicle dictates a more efficient method of
communication. This process allows multiple modules to communicate with each
other through the signal path (BUS+/BUS-). Modules communicate with the
powertrain control module using Standard Corporate Protocol (SCP) which
determines the priority in which the signals are sent. (See SCP.)
Multiplexing reduces the weight of the vehicle by reducing electrical wiring. |
|
|
Multiport
Fuel Injection (MFI) |
A fuel-delivery
system in which cylinders receive fuel by individual injectors that are
opened in groups (usually 2 'banks' which do NOT correspond to the cylinder
banks of a V engine). Normally fuel is delivered to each cylinder once per
two crankshaft revolutions in four cycle engines and once per crankshaft
revolution in two cycle engines. Compare Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection;
contrast Central Fuel Injection, Throttle-Body Fuel Injection. |
|
|
Mumford
Link |
A method of laterally
locating an axle, consisting of 2 long bars attached either to the frame or
axle at their far ends, and 3 more bars between them with 2 points of
attachment. The system allows the axle to roll (sway) or to move straight up &
down, but not laterally. Contrast Panhard Bar, Watts Link. |
|
|
mV |
Millivolts |
|
|
MY |
Model Year. |
|
|
N.m |
Newton Meter |
|
|
N/D
Switch |
Neutral/Drive Switch;
see Neutral Start/Safety Switch. |
|
|
NA |
Not Available |
|
|
NAAO |
North American
Automotive Operations. |
|
|
NATB |
Nationa Auto Theft
Bureau. |
|
|
Natural |
A color of plastic
without dyes or pigments
semi-transparent milky white or light brown. |
|
|
Natural
Gas (NG) |
A system capable of
using compressed or liquefied natural gas (CNG/LNG) or liquefied petroleum
gas (LPG) as vehicle fuel. |
|
|
Naturally
Aspirated (N/A) |
An unforced-induction
system which allows air to flow into the intake manifold by atmospheric
pressure alone. Contrast Forced Induction, Turbocharger, Ram Air,
Supercharger. |
|
|
NBO2 |
Narrow Band Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
NC |
1) Normally Closed;
2) National Coarse threads |
|
|
NCP |
Non Compliance
Penalty. |
|
|
Nerf
Bar |
A medium-weight beam
below the rocker panel designed to fend-off minor damage when a vehicle
drives off-road, and also as a step. Contrast Step Bar; Rock Slider;
Exo-Cage. |
|
|
Neutral
Start/Safety Switch (NSS) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the selected non-drive modes of the transmission. AKA
MLP, MLPS, N/D Switch, PNP, TR, DTR. |
|
|
New,
Old Stock (NOS) |
a category of part
that is not 'new' in the sense that it might be 20 years old, but has never
been installed, and is usually in OE packaging. |
|
|
NF |
National Fine threads |
|
|
NG |
Natural Gas. |
|
|
NGC |
New Generation Controller |
|
|
NGS |
New Generation Star |
|
|
NIB |
New, In the Box - a
part or kit in the condition one would expect when buying retail. |
|
|
Nipple |
a tubular fluid
connector for a hose. Compare Zerk. |
|
|
Nite |
A cosmetic option
package above XLT for '89-92 F150s & Broncos including monochromatic
black paint, blacked-out chrome, a body tape stripe that fades from blue to
purple or pink to blue (depending on year), and matching upholstery. Compare
Custom, XL, XLS, XLT, XLT Sport, Lightning, Eddie Bauer. |
|
|
NO |
Normally Open. |
|
|
No. |
Number |
|
|
Noise |
Any sound that the
driver finds distracting or objectionable. |
|
|
NOM,
N.O.M. |
Not Original Motor |
|
|
NORS,
N.O.R.S. |
New old reconditioned stock |
|
|
NOS |
1) Nitrous Oxide
Systems™, a division of Holley - the largest producer of automotive
nitrous-oxide systems; 2) a nitrous-oxide system; 3) New, Old Stock; 4)
common shield gas for welding 25% Argon 75% CO2. |
|
|
NOS,
N.O.S. |
New old stock or Nitrous
Oxide |
|
|
Nos. |
Numbers |
|
|
NOx |
Oxides of Nitrogen;
the main chemicals responsible for acid rain. |
|
|
NOx |
Oxides of Nitrogen |
|
|
NP 208 |
A common early
chain-driven 4WD (no internal differential) part-time 2-speed transfer case
built by New Process Gear with a fixed front yoke output on the L side. The
NP 208F variant was built for Ford trucks. It was replaced by the BW 1342
& 1356 beginning around 1986. Eventually all Ford fullsize 4WD light
trucks got the 1356, including the F550 PSTD. |
|
|
NP 435 |
A common 4-speed
manual transmission built by New Process Gear, known for its robustness &
durability, even when used in 5-ton trucks. Although no longer in production,
it is still in use in many UPS delivery trucks, and is a popular swap for off-road
vehicles. |
|
|
NPT |
National Pipe Threads
which are tapered near the tip to form a seal. |
|
|
NSS |
Neutral Start/Safety
Switch. |
|
|
NTSB |
National Traffic
Safety Board. A federal office which oversees many aspects of motor
vehicles. |
|
|
Nut |
A
female fastener that typically provides a pre-threaded hole for a
screw or bolt. Machine-threaded nuts are generally hex-shaped. See Grade,
U-Nut, J-Nut, Press-Nut. |
|
|
NVG |
New Venture Gear; the
new name for New Process. |
|
|
NVH |
Noise, Vibration,
Harshness. A classification of vehicle concerns. |
|
|
NVRAM |
Non-Volatile Random
Access Memory; a type of RAM that doesn't require power to retain its data. |
|
|
NVRAM |
Nonvolatile Random Access Memory |
|
|
O |
1) fuel code for
Other; 2) chemical symbol for Oxygen. |
|
|
O.A.T. |
Organic Acid
Technology; a type of engine coolant. |
|
|
O.D. |
Outside dimension |
|
|
O.D. |
Outside Diameter |
|
|
O/S |
Oversize |
|
|
O2 |
Oxygen |
|
|
O2S |
Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
OASIS |
On-line Automotive
Service Information System; the Ford data network used by dealership
technicians, service advisors, & parts. |
|
|
OBA |
On-Board Air; a
compressed air supply system built into a vehicle, usually a compressor
driven by the engine belt, usually with a storage tank. It may be a converted
A/C compressor, a dedicated air compressor, or a remote electric compressor. |
|
|
OBD |
On Board Diagnostic. |
|
|
OBD |
On-board Diagnostics |
|
|
OBD
I |
On-board Diagnostics 1 |
|
|
OBD
II |
On-board Diagnostics 2 |
|
|
OBD
III |
On-board Diagnostics 3 |
|
|
OBD-I |
(slang) A technically
meaningless term commonly used for all types/brands/standards of electronic
engine management systems before the OBD-II standard. |
|
|
OBD-II |
A national (and now
international) standard for automotive engine management, emissions control,
and fault reporting systems required in the US since 1996. It allows a single
scanner to connect to all makes & models of vehicles for the purpose of
monitoring & diagnosing most operating aspects of the engine and
associated electronic systems. Some scanners have substantially more
capabilities than others, such as real-time monitoring or reprogramming the
engine computer. |
|
|
OBS |
Old Body Style |
|
|
OC |
Oxidation Catalytic
Convertor. |
|
|
OC |
Oxidation Catalyst |
|
|
OCBR |
Oklahoma Classic
Broncos Roundup; the 2nd-largest early Bronco off-road event held
annually, usually in September at the SuperLift ORV Park in Hot Springs, AR. |
|
|
OCIL |
Overdrive Cancel
Indicator Lamp. AKA TCIL |
|
|
OCS |
Overdrive Cancel
Switch. AKA TCS |
|
|
OCT
ADJ |
Octane Adjust. |
|
|
Octane Adjust (OCT ADJ) |
A circuit or shorting
connector (jumper) that alters engine strategy to compensate for changes in
fuel octane rating. |
|
|
OD |
Overdrive |
|
|
OD,
O.D. |
Overdrive |
|
|
OE |
Original Equipment.
Parts installed on a vehicle at the factory. Contrast Direct-Replacement,
Aftermarket. |
|
|
OE |
Original Equipment |
|
|
OEM |
Original Equipment
Manufacturer. The original producer of factory-installed parts. |
|
|
OEM |
Original Equipment Manufacturer |
|
|
OEM,
O.E.M. |
Original equipment
manufacturer |
|
|
Offy |
(slang) Offenhauser;
a brand name of race engine & performance parts. |
|
|
OHC |
Overhead Cam. |
|
|
OHC |
Over Head Camshaft |
|
|
OHC,
O.H.C. |
Over head cam |
|
|
Ohm |
1) a physicist who
identified the fundamental relationship between voltage (V, Volts),
resistance (Ω or R, Ohms), and current (i or A, Amperes) as V = R x i ;
2) the standard measure of electrical resistance; (slang) the procedure of
testing resistance or continuity ("Ohming"). |
|
|
OHV |
Off-Highway Vehicle.
AKA Off-Road Vehicle (ORV). |
|
|
OHV |
Over Head Valve |
|
|
Oil-to-Air
(O2A) |
a heat exchanger such
as a transmission, power steering, or engine oil cooler. |
|
|
OMV
or DMV |
Office/Department of
Motor Vehicles. A state office which typically oversees & administers
motor vehicle registration, titles, & driver's licenses. |
|
|
On
Board Diagnostic (OBD) |
A system that
monitors some or all computer input and control signals. Signal(s) outside of
the predetermined limits imply a fault in the system or in a related system. |
|
|
One-of
or One-Off |
One-of-a-kind; an
unusually-modified or fabricated part or system; strange; unconventional;
unique. Contrast OE, Direct-Replacement. |
|
|
Open
Circuit |
A circuit which does
not provide a complete path for current flow (Off, broken circuit). Contrast
Closed Circuit. |
|
|
Open
Differential |
A differential which
divides the input torque (engine) inversely to the amount of resistance on
the outputs (traction). Contrast Limited-Slip Differential, Locker,
Torque-Biasing Differential, Spool. |
|
|
Open
rear |
Non posi rear |
|
|
Open
Loop |
A mode of PCM
operation during which actator outputs are based on programmed information
stored in ROM. The PCM always starts in open loop until certain criteria are
met, and many outputs are inactive during this mode. Contrast Closed Loop. |
|
|
Open-Element
Air Filter |
A popular style of
aftermarket air filter that has no box to keep out underhood air. The common
misconception is that the factory box somehow restricts airflow, and that
removing the box will allow more air into the engine. Under certain
conditions, it may; but durning most modes, the fact that warm underhood air
is being consumed reduces the engine's power & efficiency. See CAI. |
|
|
O-Pipe |
A joke among
mechanics & gearheads to detect amateurs. See KaleCo Automotive. |
|
|
Or |
Orange wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
orig,
Orig |
Original |
|
|
O-Ring |
A simple rubber ring
used as a seal. Most have a round cross-section, but some are square,
rectangular, or diamond. The term may also be applied to simple rubber seals
molded into other shapes than "O". |
|
|
ORP |
Off-Road Park. |
|
|
ORV |
Off-Road Vehicle. AKA
Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV). |
|
|
ORVR |
On-board Refueling
Vapor Recovery. |
|
|
OS |
Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
OSS |
Output Shaft Speed. |
|
|
OTA |
Oil-To-Air fluid
cooler (heat exchanger). |
|
|
Otto
Cycle |
The thermodynamic
process (named for a German scientist) which takes place in most gasoline
engines (reciprocating & Wankel; 2-stroke & 4-stroke). Contrast
Diesel, Sterling, fuel cell. |
|
|
Output Shaft Speed (OSS) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which indicates the rotational speed of the transmission output
shaft. |
|
|
Overhead
Cam (OHC) |
An engine
configuration that uses a single camshaft positioned above the valves. |
|
|
Overlay
Card |
A plastic card used
with the monitor box to identify EEC signals for each engine. The card also
programs the monitor box for auto mode measurements. |
|
|
OWL |
Outlined White
Letters; a style of tire sidewall design. See also RWL. |
|
|
Oxidation
Catalytic Convertor (OC) |
A catalytic convertor
system that reduces levels of HC and CO. |
|
|
Oxygen Sensor (O2S) |
A sensor which
detects oxygen (O2) content in the exhaust gases. Compare HEGO, HO2S. |
|
|
oz. |
Ounce |
|
|
Ozone |
A corrosive toxic
blue gaseous form of oxygen (O3) formed naturally by electric discharge or
high-altitude exposure to ultraviolet radiation. It blocks UV & other
radiation from striking the surface of the Earth, but is broken down by many
industrial chemicals including older refrigerants. |
|
|
ozs. |
Ounces |
|
|
P |
Park |
|
|
P.O.P.,
Protect-O-Plate |
A metal tag glued onto the
warrantly pamphlet that contained car and owner information. Used by the
dealer when warranty work was performed. |
|
|
P/B |
Power Bakes |
|
|
P/C |
Printed Circuit |
|
|
P/D
MTR |
Park/Decelerate
vacuum Motor; AKA Dashpot (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
P/N |
Park/Neutral |
|
|
P/N |
Part Number |
|
|
P/S |
Power Steering |
|
|
PA |
Public Address; a
loudspeaker system, which (on vehicles) is typically connected to a CB radio
or an emergency siren. |
|
|
PA |
Pressure Air |
|
|
PAG |
1) PolyAlkaline
Glycol; an oil used in R-134a systems available in 3 viscosities PAG-46 (all Fords), PAG-100 (most others,
including most retrofit kits), & PAG 150. 2) Premier Automotive Group;
Ford's collection of high-end subsidiaries including Lincoln, Volvo, Aston
Martin, & until recently, Jaguar and Land Rover. |
|
|
Panel
Van |
A van with a 1-piece
purpose-built body specifically suilted to its intended purpose, such as UPS
delivery vans. |
|
|
Panhard
Bar |
A simple method of
laterally locating an axle, consisting of a pivot on the frame, a parallel
pivot on the axle housing (as far from the frame pivot as possible), and a
nearly-horizontal bar between them. It allows the axle to roll (sway) or to
move vertically, but not laterally. If the whole axle moves, it follows an
arc and shifts toward the frame mount, which is the main drawback to a
Panhard suspension. Leaf spring suspensions don't require any lateral control
since the leaves provide that strength. AKA Track Bar. Contrast Watts Link,
Mumford Link. |
|
|
PAnt |
Power Antenna |
|
|
Parameter
Identification (PID) |
Identifies an address
in the PCM memory which contains vehicle operating information. |
|
|
Park/Neutral
Position (PNP) |
1) A sensor, signal,
or circuit which indicates the selected non-drive modes of the transmission.
AKA MLP, MLPS, NSS, TR, DTR; 2) A semiconductor configuration of
positive-negative-positive. Contrast NPN. |
|
|
Particulate |
Small solid matter
found in exhaust gases, especially prevalent in diesel engines. |
|
|
PAS |
Power Assisted
Steering. See Power Steering. |
|
|
PAS |
Power Assisted Steering |
|
|
PATS |
Passive Anti-Theft
System. A factory anti-theft system which disables the fuel injector drivers
if the code chip in the ignition key does not match the stored code. |
|
|
pb,
PB |
Power brakes |
|
|
PC |
Passenger Car. |
|
|
PCM |
Powertrain Control
Module. AKA ECC, EEC, ECM, ECU, MCU, "brain", "computer",
"controller". |
|
|
PCM |
Powertrain Control Module |
|
|
PCS/PC/SOL |
Purge Control Solenoid |
|
|
PCV |
Positive Crankcase
Ventilation. |
|
|
PCV |
Positive Crankcase Ventilation |
|
|
PCV
Valve |
A replaceable
gravity- & flow-controlled 1-way metering valve in the PCV system.
Because it is exposed to crankcase sludge, it will fail if not replaced
regularly. Its failure can result in engine fires, diluted or contaminated
engine oil, accelerated wear throughout the engine, poor economy, DTCs,
increased emissions, and NVH. |
|
|
pdl,
PDL, P.D.L. |
Power door locks |
|
|
PECV |
Power Enrichment Control Valve |
|
|
Pegleg |
A rear without
posi-traction. Only one wheel operates. |
|
|
Pernickety
or Persnickety |
excessively precise
in the usage & meaning of words (like I'm doing with this list). |
|
|
Perspicacious |
easily understood;
adept at explanation or teaching. |
|
|
Perspicuous |
keenly observant;
adept at understanding. |
|
|
PFI |
Port Fuel Injection |
|
|
pg,
PG |
Powerglide transmission |
|
|
PGM-FI |
Programmed Fuel Injection |
|
|
Phillips Screw |
A style of screw head
using a specifically-shaped central cross recess (+) designed to be driven by
a correspondingly specifically-shaped tool. It is easily confused with
Frearson, JIS, PoziDriv, and others. See Screw. Contrast Slotted Screw, Torx. |
|
|
Photochemical |
The action of light
on air pollutants which contributes to smog. |
|
|
PI |
1)
Performance-Improved; a ~1996 revision to the head design of the 4.6L modular
engine, standardized ~2001; often confused with 2) Police Interceptor (slang)
(a badge on certain Crown Victorias with P71 options); 3) Police
Interceptor, a 2011 Ford model. |
|
|
PIA |
Positioned In
Assembly - a notation for wiring & connectors |
|
|
Pickup
or Pickup Truck |
A light truck built
on a ladder frame with a cab separate from its walled, but open-top cargo
bed. Contrast Box Van, Convertible, Coupe, Panel Van, Roadster, Sedan, Truck,
Van, Wagon-body. |
|
|
PID |
Parameter
Identification. |
|
|
PID |
Parameter Identification |
|
|
Pigtail |
An electrical
connector with preinstalled terminals, each of which has a short wire
attached. It is generally used to replace a damaged original connector, but
may be used to add new systems. |
|
|
Ping
or Pinging |
1) See Knock. 2) Any
light repetitive sound, like a marble hitting a tile floor. |
|
|
Pinion |
A small circular gear
that drives another gear. Specifically, the axial gear of the hypoid set in
an automotive axle. |
|
|
PIP |
Profile ignition pickup |
|
|
Pitman
Arm |
A steering mechanism
which converts the rotating motion of the steering shaft into the horizontal
movement of the tie rods. Contrast Rack & Pinion. |
|
|
Pk |
Pink wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
PL |
Power Door Locks |
|
|
PM |
Power Mirrors |
|
|
PMGR |
Permanent Magnet Gear
Reduction starter motor. |
|
|
PNL |
Panel |
|
|
PNP |
Park/Neutral Position
switch. See DTR. |
|
|
PNP |
Park Neutral Position Switch |
|
|
PO |
Previous Owner |
|
|
Polarity |
A characteristic of a
binary physical phenomenon, such as electricity (which can be polarized + or
-) or a magnetic field (which can be polarized N or S). |
|
|
Polarity-Reversing
Circuit |
An electronic circuit
used to drive a motor, which is capable of driving it either direction by
means of reversing the polarity supplied to the motor. Examples include Ford
power windows, power locks, power antennae, power seats, power mirrors, power
adjustable pedals, & sunroofs. GM typically uses double-wound motors,
which are heavier, bulkier, & less efficient, but require simpler
switches & circuits to control. |
|
|
Polarized
Light |
Visible light which
has passed through a polarizing filter, as is commonly found on LCD displays
& polarized sunglasses. Once polarized, the light cannot pass through a
2nd filter unless the 2nd is aligned with the 1st. Any change in the alignment
results in the light being further dimmed. If the 2nd is 90° offset from the
1st, virtually no light passes. Light is also polarized by LCD (which is how
the LCD generates the black areas) or by reflection off glass or water (which
is why driving & fishing sunglasses are sometimes polarized to eliminate
the glare). |
|
|
Pole
Shoe |
A ferrous core within
the winding of an electric motor which enhances the strength of the magnetic
field. Some starter motors have a swinging pole shoe attached to a lever
which acts as a solenoid to push the drive into the ring gear. |
|
|
Polished |
A grinding &
sanding process inside a manifold or head port to remove roughness from
casting, and thereby improve airflow, power, & economy. |
|
|
Polyurethane |
A resilient &
durable thermoplastic polymer, often used for automotive bushings. It is
noticeably tougher than traditional black vulcanized rubber, and is easily
colored for cosmetic style. |
|
|
Port |
An opening, usually
in the intake/exhaust manifold gasket surface of the head where the manifold
runners join it. |
|
|
Port
Fuel Injection |
See Multiport Fuel
Injection. |
|
|
Portal Axle |
An axle assembly
whose outboard ends incorporate an offset drive mechanism, placing the
majority of the axle's bulk ABOVE the centerline between the roadwheels. This
creates a 'portal' between the wheels, allowing greater ground clearance.
Some agricultural vehicles use portal axles (often with hydraulic drives);
the UniMog truck uses solid portal axles; the HMMWV & Hummer (H1) use
independent front & rear portal suspensions; MatTracks
(TM) create a portal configuration. |
|
|
Ported
or Port-Matched |
A grinding process
that attempts to precisely match the shapes & contours of the intake
& exhaust manifold runners, gasket openings, & head ports to improve
airflow, and thereby improve power & economy. |
|
|
POS |
1) Positive; 2)
(slang) Piece of $#!+ . |
|
|
Posi |
(slang) Positraction. |
|
|
Posi,
Posi rear, Posi-traction |
A rear that allows the
opposite wheel to turn if the other becomes stuck (limited slip posi) or both
to turn all the time (full time posi) |
|
|
Positive Crankcase
Ventilation (PCV) |
A system which
forcibly draws crankcase emissions back through the engine where they are
burned. The PCV valve regulates the amount of ventilating air and blow-by gas
to the intake manifold, and prevents backfire from traveling into the
crankcase. The PCV valve should be mounted in a vertical position. Sometimes
incorporated with the evaporative emissions system. |
|
|
Positraction |
A particular model of
LSD used by GM. It is now owned & manufactured by Eaton. |
|
|
Potentiometer
(Pot) |
An adjustable
resistance component commonly used as a position sensor for rotatable shafts
(Example TP Sensor). AKA Variable
Resistor |
|
|
Power
Ground (PWR GND) |
The main ground
circuit in the EEC system. Distinguished from signal ground (SIG RET) &
case ground. |
|
|
Power
Steering |
A system which
provides additional force to the steering mechanism, reducing the driver's
steering effort. It most often incorporates a hydraulic
pump powered by the FEAD supplying pressure to a gear box or
rack. See also EVO. |
|
|
Power
Steering Pressure (PSP) |
A sensor, switch,
signal, or circuit which indicates the pressure in the power steering system. |
|
|
Power
Take Off (PTO) |
1. A mechanical
connection for using engine power for aftermarket equipment such as hydraulic
pumps, generators, & agricultural implements. 2. An EEC input signal used
to disable On Board Diagnostic Monitors during PTO(1) use. |
|
|
Powertrain |
See Drivetrain. |
|
|
Powertrain
Control Module (PCM) |
The module that
controls the EEC system. AKA ECC, EEC, ECM, ECU, MCU, PCM, "brain",
"computer", "controller". Compare OBD. |
|
|
PPM |
Parts Per Million. A
measure used in emissions analysis. |
|
|
PPM |
Parts Per Million |
|
|
pr,
PR |
Pair |
|
|
Preignition |
See Knock. |
|
|
Prerunner |
a vehicle built to
run off-road race courses at high speeds, but that is much cheaper to build,
repair, & operate than a full-on racer. Typically, it is a 2WD lifted
truck with lightweight safety features and moderate handling improvements
used by the race driver to test & learn the course. |
|
|
Press-Nut |
A stamped, formed,
& hardened spring steel nut without threads that slips over a smooth
shaft & bites into it to provide retention. It is not designed to be
removed intact, but often can be; especially if installed on a shaft whose
surface is relatively hard. |
|
|
Pressure Feedback EGR (PFE) |
A sensor, circuit,
signal, or system that monitors EGR pressure with a single-port sensor.
Contrast DPFEGR, EEGR, EVP. |
|
|
PRNDL |
Park Reverse Neutral Drive Low |
|
|
PRNDL
or 'prindle' |
(slang) shift
indicator. |
|
|
Profile
Ignition Pickup (PIP) |
A sensor, signal, or
circuit which provides crankshaft or camshaft position data for ignition
synchronization. |
|
|
Programmable
Speedometer/Odometer Module (PSOM) |
A module that
processes vehicle speed information for use in various electronic systems,
displays speed on an analog face, and displays odometer data in a digital
LCD. The PSOM can be programmed to accommodate various tire and axle
combinations. It is unaffected by gear ratio changes. |
|
|
PROM |
Programmable
Read-Only Memory. ROM without program instructions. |
|
|
PROM |
Program Read Only Memory (chip) |
|
|
Prop
Shaft or Propeller Shaft |
See Driveshaft. |
|
|
Protocol |
A set of rules for
the exchange of information on a network. |
|
|
PS |
1) Power Seats; 2)
Power Steering; 3) Power Sunroof |
|
|
ps,
PS |
Power steering |
|
|
PSF |
Power Steering Fluid;
see ATF. |
|
|
PSI |
Pounds Per Square Inch |
|
|
PSOM |
Programmable
Speedometer/Odometer Module. |
|
|
PSP |
Power Steering
Pressure. |
|
|
PSP |
Power
Steering Pressure |
|
|
PSPS |
Power
Steering Pressure Switch |
|
|
PSTD |
PowerStroke Turbo
Diesel. |
|
|
PTFE |
PolyTetraFluoroEthylene;
the chemical name for Teflon®, a lubricating powder which is sometimes
embedded in silicone rubber as a non-stick coating or polish, or in plastic
tape as a pipe sealant. It may also be added to plastics, oils, & greases. |
|
|
PTO |
Power Take Off. |
|
|
pts. |
Pints |
|
|
Pu |
Purple wire or vacuum
line. |
|
|
Pulse
Width (PW) |
The length of time an
actuator, such as a fuel injector, remains energized, measured in
milliseconds or degrees. Compare Duty Cycle. |
|
|
Pulse
Width Modulation (PWM) |
A signal pattern
characterized by flat peaks of varying duration but constant height separated
by an absence of signal (ground) which controls the intensity of an output by
varying the signal duty cycle. |
|
|
Pump |
A device used to
raise, transfer, or circulate fluids at a relatively constant pressure.
Contrast Compressor. |
|
|
Punch |
1) A tool or system
for cutting holes in thin material without rotating the cutting surface; 2)
(slang) a Drift. |
|
|
Punched,
Punched Out |
An engines cylinders have
been enlarged or bored out. Also see; .030 over, Bored |
|
|
Purge
Flow (PF) |
The quantity of fuel
vapor burned in the engine. |
|
|
Push-Start |
1) a technique for
starting an engine with a failed starting system, by pushing it up to a speed
that will allow the transmission to spin the crankshaft. The minimum speed
for an automatic is much higher than for a manual transmission; 2) an early style
of TFI-IV ignition system that uses a black module. Contrast CCD. |
|
|
PVC |
PolyVinyl Chloride; a
common type of plastic. Often confused with PCV. |
|
|
PW |
1) Power Windows; 2)
Pulse Width. |
|
|
pw,
PW |
Power windows |
|
|
PWM |
Pulse Width
Modulation. |
|
|
PWR |
Power to Weight Ratio |
|
|
PWR
GND |
Power Ground. |
|
|
pwr,
PWR |
Power |
|
|
Pwr. |
Power |
|
|
Quarter
or Quarter Panel |
The body panel behind
the doors, distinguished from the Fender or Wing, which is forward of the
doors. |
|
|
Quick
Test |
A functional
diagnostic test of the EEC system consisting of vehicle preparation and
hookup, KOEO, KOER and Continuous Memory Self-Tests. |
|
|
R |
1) combustion code
for Otto Cycle Rotary (Wankel) engines; 2) Red wire or vacuum line; 3) Rear,
from the operator's perspective while the vehicle is in motion; 4) Resistance
(see Ohm). |
|
|
R&I |
Remove & Install
- take a part/component out/off & then put it back in/on without repair.
For example when tires are simply
rotated, that's R&I 4 wheels. Even if the part/component is being rebuilt,
that's a separate job, so the R&I still applies. |
|
|
R&R |
Remove and replace or
remove and reinstall |
|
|
R&R |
Remove & Replace
- take a part/component out/off & put another in/on. For example an oil change is an R&R of the oil
& filter. |
|
|
R&R |
Remove and Replace |
|
|
R.P.O. |
Regular Production Order |
|
|
r.r,
R.R. |
Right rear |
|
|
R.W.D. |
Rear wheel drive |
|
|
R.W.L. |
Raised white letters |
|
|
R/A |
Resume or Accelerate |
|
|
R/T |
Road/Track |
|
|
RABS |
Rear Antilock Brake
System. |
|
|
RAC |
Remote Accessory Controller |
|
|
Rack
& Pinion |
1) A common gear
system using a straight row of gear teeth (the "rack") and a
circular gear in mesh (the "pinion") to convert the rotating motion
of the pinion shaft into the linear motion of the rack; 2) A steering linkage
using such a gearset. Contrast Pitman Arm. |
|
|
Radiator |
The engine's
liquid-to-air heat exchanger(s). |
|
|
Rag
Joint |
A type of u-joint
consisting of 2 yokes attached to a fiber-reinforced rubber disk, used in
steering and driveshafts. AKA Jured Coupling. |
|
|
Ram |
A linear hydraulic
actuator. |
|
|
RAM |
Random Access Memory.
Memory into which information can be written as well as read. It is typically
volatile (does not survive power loss) and much faster than (nonvolatile)
EEPROM. |
|
|
RAM |
Random Access Memory |
|
|
RAM |
Remote Anti-theft Modukle |
|
|
RAM |
Ride Air Module |
|
|
Ram
Air |
A forced-induction
system which uses the vehicle's forward motion to create pressure in the
intake manifold. Contrast Turbocharger, Supercharger, Naturally Aspirated. |
|
|
RAP |
1) Remote Anti-Theft
Personality module; 2) Retained Accessory Power. |
|
|
Rap |
to strike sharply to
induce vibration, as when loosening or removing a stuck part. |
|
|
RAP |
Retained Access Power |
|
|
rat,
Rat, Rat motor |
Big block Chevy engine |
|
|
Ratchet |
1) a toothed
mechanism that allows rotation in only one direction; 2) a wrench
incorporating such a mechanism, typically with a square drive for sockets
& other tools. |
|
|
Rattle |
A quick irregular but
continuous noise, like an ice-cream churn. |
|
|
RAV |
Remote Activation Verification |
|
|
RBC |
Rotary Blade Coupling |
|
|
RC |
Reserve Capacity the number of minutes a fully charged
battery at 80°F can supply 25A without dropping below 10.5V. This indicates
the actual amount of enenrgy stored in the battery. Longer time (or higher
current) is better, and comes from larger, heavier batteries. Compare CA,
CCA, HCA, Ah. |
|
|
RCC |
Rear Climate Control |
|
|
RCC |
Remote Climate Control |
|
|
RCM |
Restraint Control Module |
|
|
RD,
R.D. |
Right hand drive |
|
|
RDM |
Rear Door Module |
|
|
RDS |
Radio Display System |
|
|
REC |
Receive |
|
|
RECAL |
Recalibrate |
|
|
Recall |
A program authorized
by the manufacturer whereby a known fault or issue with a motor vehicle is
repaired, usually without additional cost to the owner, & usually without
expiration. A recall generally applies to a very specific group of vehicles,
and the manufacturer identifies each VIN to the OMV of each state, which then
furnishes the manfuacturer with the registered owner's name & mailing
address. Recalls are generally overseen by NTSB &/or DOT, but are
administered by the manufacturer. AKA FSA. Contrast TSB. |
|
|
RECIRC |
Recirculation |
|
|
Red
Wrench |
(slang) a torch,
usually acetylene due to its reddish flame. See also Blue Wrench. |
|
|
REDOX |
Reduction/Oxidation
Catalytic Convertor. |
|
|
Reduction/Oxidation
Catalytic Convertor (REDOX) |
An advanced catalytic
convertor system. At low temperatures, it reduces levels of HC and CO. At
high temperatures, it also reduces levels of NOx. |
|
|
Reefer |
(slang) a
refrigerated semi-trailer. |
|
|
Reference
Voltage (VREF) |
A dedicated circuit
that provides a 5.0 volt signal used as a reference by certain sensors. |
|
|
Refrigerant |
The working fluid in
heat transfer systems that operate below ambient temperature. The most common
refrigerant for mobile A/C is R-134a (Suva®DuPont), a non-chlorinated
hydrofluorocarbon (HFC); older systems used R-12 (Freon®DuPont), a
chlorinated fluorocarbon (CFC) known to have several adverse environmental
effects. Contrast Coolant. |
|
|
Refurbished |
a part or system that
has been brought back into nominal working condition, though not necessarily
by the original manufacturer, or to original specifications. |
|
|
Regenerative
Brakes |
A system for slowing
a moving vehicle which stores the energy, instead of simply converting it to
heat as normal brakes do. Regenerative braking systems may use dynamos to
store the energy electrically, air compressors or hydraulic pumps to store it
as pressure, or other means. They are most commonly used on commercial &
industrial vehicles which make frequent stops, like city buses. |
|
|
Relay |
A generally
electromechanical device in which a high-current (load) circuit is opened or
closed by changes in a low-current (trigger) circuit. A common relay is an
electromagnetically-operated switch, in which a small current passing through
an electromagnetic coil pulls or pushes a steel slug or plate connected to a
switch. Some act through a sealed glass bulb which may contain Mercury
contacts. Other relays are solid-state & work similarly to transistors,
but transistors' output is proportional to the input, and relays are on-off.
Almost all Ford vehicles use a starter relay, and most are mounted to
the right inner fender or wheelwell near the battery. Often confused with
Solenoid. |
|
|
Relay
Module (RM) |
A module containing
two or more relays. |
|
|
REM |
Rear Electronic
Module. |
|
|
REMAN |
Remanufactured |
|
|
Remanufactured |
a part or system that
has been professionally returned to original working specifications, usually
by the original manufacturer. |
|
|
Remote
Anti-Theft Personality (RAP) Module |
a module combining
functions of earlier remote keyless entry, theft, and illuminated entry
modules. Compare GEM. Contrast Retained Accessory Power. |
|
|
Repetitive
Spark |
Multiple firings of
individual spark plugs at engine speeds below 1000 RPM to improve idle
quality and improve emissions. AKA Multiple Spark Discharge (MSD) (TM). |
|
|
repro,
Repro |
Reproduction |
|
|
REQ,
REQD |
Required |
|
|
rest,
resto, Resto |
Restoration |
|
|
Restified |
(slang) a vehicle
that has been returned to working condition using much more modern parts
& systems than it originally had, such as EFI in a 1960's vehicle. |
|
|
Restored |
a vehicle that has
been returned to its original condition, as it might have appeared a short
time after being purchased. |
|
|
Retained
Accessory Power (RAP) |
An optional feature
that allows certain key-switched electrical systems to continue working with
the key off for a limited time. Most cancel when a door is opened. Compare
Battery Saver. Contrast Remote Anti-Theft Personality module. |
|
|
Return
(RTN) |
A dedicated sensor
ground circuit. |
|
|
RF |
Radio Frequency. A
band of electromagnet frequencies between ultrasonic & microwave. |
|
|
RF |
Radio Frequency |
|
|
RF |
Right Front |
|
|
Rf,
RF, R.F. |
Right front |
|
|
RFA |
Remote Function Actuator |
|
|
RFF |
Roller Finger Followers |
|
|
RFI |
Radio Frequency
Interference. A high-frequency form of EMI. |
|
|
RFI |
Radio Frequency Interference |
|
|
RFID |
Radio Frequency Identification |
|
|
RFWS |
Right Front Wheel Speed |
|
|
RH |
Right hand |
|
|
RH |
Right Hand |
|
|
RHD |
Right-Hand Drive. |
|
|
RHF |
Right Hand Front,
from the operator's perspective while the vehicle is in motion. |
|
|
RHR |
Right Hand Rear, from
the operator's perspective while the vehicle is in motion. |
|
|
RHS |
Right Hand Side, from
the operator's perspective while the vehicle is in motion. |
|
|
Rich |
a fuel mixture that
contains insufficient air for the fuel to burn completely. In gasoline
engines, it results in a cool-running engine, soot both in the exhaust stream
and as deposits in the combustion chambers, HC emissions, CO emissions,
reduced power, blow-by, oil thinning by fuel contamination, catalyst
overheating, and reduced fuel economy. In diesel engines, the engine runs hot
& makes more power. Contrast Lean. |
|
|
Right,
Right side |
The passenger side of
vehicle |
|
|
RIM |
Radio Interface Module |
|
|
RIM |
Rear Integration Module |
|
|
RITS |
Run In The Sun; an
off-road event for Bronco owners & their friends held each year in the
SouthEast, usually organized by the webmaster of FourDoorBronco. |
|
|
RKE |
Remote Keyless Entry
- a system for operating the PL, trunk, &/or alarm via a
radio-transmitter key fob. Some also allow remote starting. Contrast Keyless
Entry (KE). |
|
|
RKE |
Remote Keyless Entry |
|
|
Rly |
Relay |
|
|
RM |
Relay Module. |
|
|
RM |
Relay Module |
|
|
Roadster |
An open passenger car
with 2 doors, with or without a removeable/collapsible roof. Contrast
Convertible, Coupe, Pickup, Sedan, Truck, Van, Wagon-body. |
|
|
Roar |
A low steady
continuous noise, like inside a cruising jet airliner. |
|
|
Rock
Rash |
(slang) Body damage
due to contact with terrain while wheeling. AKA Environmental Streamlining. |
|
|
Rock
Slider |
A heavy beam below
the rocker panel designed to carry the weight of the body over rocks when a
vehicle drives off-road. Contrast Step Bar; Nerf Bar; Exo-Cage. |
|
|
Rocker
or Rocker Arm |
A lever in the head
operated by the camshaft (possibly through lifters & pushrods) which
opens the valve. Some have a roller to reduce friction. |
|
|
Rocker
Panel |
The body panel below
the doors. |
|
|
Roller
(Lifter or Rocker) |
A low-friction design
of valvetrain using a wheel between the lifter & cam lobe, &/or
between the rocker & valve. |
|
|
ROM |
Read Only Memory |
|
|
RON |
Research Octane
Number. The laboratory-measured octane number of an automotive fuel. Contrast
actual octane number, nominal octane number. |
|
|
Root-Mean
Square (RMS) |
A mathematical
operation to produce a useable value for signals whose average value is 0.
Necessary for all AC signals, and generally calculated based on 60Hz. DMMs
which specify 'RMS' on their packaging calculate it based on the actual
measured frequency, and are therefore far more accurate for most automotive
signals, whose frequencies often vary. |
|
|
Rotary |
See Wankel. |
|
|
Rotor |
the insulated
conductor within a distributor. |
|
|
Routine |
A group of related
tasks, such as a series of diagnostic tests. |
|
|
RPM |
Engine Revolutions
Per Minute. |
|
|
RPM |
Revolutions Per Minute |
|
|
RPO |
Regular Production Option |
|
|
RR |
Right Rear |
|
|
rr,
RR |
Rear |
|
|
RS |
Rally sport |
|
|
RSA |
Rear Seat Audio |
|
|
RSC |
Roll Stability Control |
|
|
RSS |
Road Sensing Suspension |
|
|
RT |
Right |
|
|
RTD |
Real Time Dampening |
|
|
RTN |
Return. AKA Ground. |
|
|
RTN |
Return |
|
|
RTV |
Room-Temperature
Vulcanizing - a rubber that cures & crosslinks without additional heat,
such as silicone rubber sealants. |
|
|
Rumble |
A low heavy
continuous sound accompanied by a vibration, like a skateboard on rough
pavement. |
|
|
Run-on |
A symptom experienced
by carburetor engines in which the throttle plate(s) remain partially open
after key-off, allowing enough air to continue to draw fuel into the dirty or
overheated combustion chambers. The hot deposits or metal ignite the fuel mix
without a spark, causing the engine to continue running, albeit roughly,
& at a VERY low speed. This symptom is often confused with preignition.
EFIs don't suffer from this because the injectors shut down at key-off. |
|
|
RV |
1) Recreational
Vehicle; 2) Rear-View mirror. |
|
|
RV |
Recreational Vehicle |
|
|
RWAL |
Rear Wheel Anti Lock |
|
|
RWC |
Rear wheel cylinder |
|
|
RWD |
Rear Wheel Drive. A
powertrain system which delivers engine power to a differential in the rear
axle only. Contrast FWD, AWD, 4WD. |
|
|
RWD |
Rear Wheel Drive |
|
|
RWL |
Raised White Letters;
a style of tire sidewall design. See also OWL. |
|
|
RWS |
Rear Wheel Steer |
|
|
S |
1) Spark
port (carburetor/vacuum) A nipple on a carburetor whose vacuum
response is designed to control the vacuum advance of a distributor; 2)
Stator terminal on an alternator or voltage regulator, ~1/2 B voltage when
the alternator is working properly; 3) combustion code for Otto
4-Stroke-Cycle Piston engines. |
|
|
SAE |
Society of Automotive
Engineers, now SAE International. |
|
|
Safety Certification Label |
A sticker showing the
manufacturer, build date, VIN, & other information needed to show
compliance with vehicle safety laws & standards. It is most often applied
in the driver's door jamb area, and usually contains a bar code version of
the VIN. Some also indicate installed options & cargo capacities. AKA VIN
Sticker, Door Jamb Sticker. |
|
|
Saloon |
See Sedan. |
|
|
SAS |
Solid Axle Swap |
|
|
SB |
Small block or short bed |
|
|
SBC |
Single Bed Converter |
|
|
SBC,
sbc |
Small block Chevy engine |
|
|
SBD |
Strategy Base Diagnostics |
|
|
SC |
Supercharger or
supercharged. |
|
|
SC |
Supercharged |
|
|
Scan
Tool (ST) |
A device that
interfaces with the PCM and communicates information on a data link. Most can
read codes and display them either as a flashing light, or as text. Some can
read live data from the PCM. Very expensive models (usually factory-licensed)
can retrieve &/or edit EEPROM data within the PCM and other modules. |
|
|
SCDS |
Speed Control
Deactivator Switch; the secondary (failsafe) cruise control cancel switch. An
early type is the subject of a massive recall due to fires. |
|
|
SCP |
Standard Corporate
Protocol. |
|
|
Screw |
1) A typically
light-duty fastener, generally with a recessed-drive head for
wrist-operated tools, and often to be used in unthreaded holes. See Slotted,
Phillips, Torx. Contrast Bolt. 2) (slang) An F150 SuperCrew (4-door short
bed). |
|
|
sdn,
sed, Sdn, Sed |
Sedan |
|
|
Seat
Cover |
(slang) an attractive
female passenger. |
|
|
Secondary Air |
Air provided to the
exhaust system anywhere downstream of the exhaust valves. |
|
|
Secondary
Air Injection (AIR) |
A pump-driven system
for providing secondary air. |
|
|
Secondary
Air Injection Bypass (AIRB) |
See TAB. |
|
|
Secondary
Air Injection Diverter (AIRD) |
See TAD. |
|
|
Sedan |
A passenger car with
4 doors. Contrast Convertible, Coupe, Pickup, Roadster, Truck, Van,
Wagon-body. |
|
|
SEFI |
Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection |
|
|
Seized |
permanently
un-turnable due to metal corrosion, deformation, or failure; contrast Locked
(2). |
|
|
Selectable
Locker or Selectable-Locking Differential |
An aftermarket
differential with a mechanism that can convert it to behave as a spool when
the operator chooses. Contrast Open Differential, Limited-Slip Differential,
Locker, Mini-Locker, Torque-Biasing Differential, Spool, Mini-Spool. |
|
|
Self-Clearancing |
(slang) allowing
moving parts (such as oversized tires) to wear against other parts (such as
wheelwells & fenders) until there is no more interference. |
|
|
Self-Test |
A general term for
three distinct aspects of the EEC system Quick Test Key On Engine Off, Key On Engine Running,
and Continuous Memory. Compare OBD. |
|
|
SEMA |
Specialty Equipment
Market Association. A trade guild of businesses who supply non-OE vehicle
parts, OR a trade show they host each year. Member businesses cooperate
closely with automakers to develop high-quality aftermarket parts. |
|
|
Semi-Floating
Axle |
An axle assembly
whose axleshafts bear the weight of the vehicle only at their outboard ends.
Their inboard ends 'float' in the differential side gear splines. Contrast
Full-Floating Axle. |
|
|
Semi-Truck |
A truck built in 2 or
more independent interchangeable sections
usually, a tractor containing the drivetrain, cab, & hitch; and a
trailer for cargo or equipment. |
|
|
Sensor |
The generic name for
a device that senses either the absolute value or a change in a physical
quantity such as temperature, pressure or flow rate, and converts that change
into an electrical quantity signal. A sensor is typically an analog device.
Its digital counterpart is a switch. |
|
|
Sensor Ring |
See Tone Ring. |
|
|
Sequential
Multiport Fuel Injection (SFI) |
A multiport fuel
delivery system in which each injector is individually energized and timed
relative to its cylinder intake event. Compare Multiport Fuel Injection. |
|
|
Servo |
A remote actuator
which can be regulated to a precise position, as opposed to simply an extreme
of its range of motion. Common examples include cruise control servos, HVAC
door servos, & power seat or power mirror motors WITH memory. Those without
memory capability are simply motor-driven mechanisms, but do not qualify as
servos. |
|
|
SES |
Service Engine Soon
light. See MIL. |
|
|
SES |
Service Engine Soon |
|
|
SET |
A complete set |
|
|
SFA |
Solid Front Axle. See
Solid Axle |
|
|
SFI |
Sequential Multiport
Fuel Injection. |
|
|
SFI |
Sequential Fuel Injection |
|
|
SFR |
Single-Function
Reservoir. |
|
|
Shackle
Flip |
a method of lifting a
vehicle originally built with the shackle & bracket below the leaf
spring. |
|
|
Shield |
A conducting sleeve
that surrounds wires to isolate them from electromagnetic interference (EMI). |
|
|
Shift
Indicator Lamp (SIL) |
A lamp that indicates
the preferred shift points for manual transmission/transaxle vehicles. |
|
|
Shift
Solenoid (SS) |
A device that
controls shifting in an automatic transmission. |
|
|
Shipping
weight |
The weight of the vehicle
with regular equipment and with grease and oil where required. This does not
include the weight of gasoline and antifreeze. |
|
|
SHO |
Super High Output. |
|
|
Shock |
1) the sensation of
electricity passing through one's body; 2) a physical jolt, or sudden
dramatic temperature change (thermal shock); 3) (slang) a shock absorber. |
|
|
Shock
Absorber |
The misnomer for a
spring damper, typically gas-charged oil-dampened. The spring &
suspension mechanism actually absorb the shock; the "shock
absorber" merely slows the suspension & the spring's reaction to
keep the tires in contact with the surface better. |
|
|
Short
block |
An engine that does not
have heads installed. (Also see Long block) |
|
|
Short
Block |
An engine assembly
consisting of a cylinder block, a crankshaft, all the bearings, all the
connecting rods, all the pistons and rings, & few if any seals. Some also
include a camshaft, timing gears/chains/covers an oil pump, an oil pan, &
a gasket set. A short block does NOT include cylinder heads, valve covers, or
intake manifold. Contrast Long Block, Crate Engine, Smallblock, Bigblock. |
|
|
Short
Circuit |
A connection between
a circuit and any other point. While generally used to indicate an
undesirable connection, all wires are short circuits between the terminals
they connect. The expression 'short' indicates that there is very little
resistance between the 2 points. The most common type is a short from power
to ground, which results in extremely high current flow, causing fuses to
burn, wires to melt, or fires to start. Contrast Open Circuit, high
resistance, Off. |
|
|
Short
Term Fuel Trim (SHRTFT1 and 2) |
If the oxygen sensors
are warmed up and the PCM determines that the engine can operate near
stoichiometric air/fuel ratio (14.7 to 1 for gasoline), the PCM goes into
closed loop fuel control mode. Since a common oxygen sensor can only indicate
rich or lean, the fuel control strategy must constantly adjust the desired
air/fuel ratio rich and lean to get the oxygen sensor to 'switch' around the
stoichiometric point. If the time between switches are the same, then the
system is actually operating at stoichiometry. The desired air/fuel control
parameter is called short term fuel trim where stoichiometry is represented
by 0%. Richer (more fuel) is represented by a positive number and leaner
(less fuel) is represented by a negative number. Normal operating range for
short term fuel trim is +/- 25%. Some calibrations will have time between
switches and short term fuel trim excursions that are not equal. These
unequal excursions are used to run the system slightly lean or rich of
stoichiometry. This practice is referred to as using 'bias'. For example, the
fuel system can be biased slightly rich during closed loop fuel to help
reduce NOx. Values for SHRTFT1 and 2 may change a great deal on a scan tool
when the engine is operated at different rpm and load points. This is because
SHRTFT1 and 2 will react to fuel delivery variability that can change as a
function of engine rpm and load. Short term fuel trim values are not retained
after the engine is turned off. |
|
|
Shorty
or Shortie or Short-Tube Header |
A header whose
collector is above the oil pan and inside the frame rails. See Header.
Compare Long-Tube Header. |
|
|
SI |
1) Sequential
Injection; 2) System International d'Unites (the modern international version
of the metric system). |
|
|
Side
Gapping |
A modification of a
standard spark plug so that the ground electrode approaches the side of the
center electrode, instead of covering the end. The concept is that the spark
will then propagate the flame front more rapidly & evenly through the combustion
chamber, increasing power & economy. But the spark is concentrated to
smaller areas on both electrodes, so it erodes both more rapidly, and is more
susceptible to fouling. Its benefits are also questionable. |
|
|
Sidepipe |
An exhaust tailpipe
that runs along the side of the body under the door & exits forward of
the rear tire. They are more common on grand touring coupes or roadsters, but
are also popular for off-road trucks. A well-known brand was Lake, which was
offered as OE on some Corvettes. |
|
|
SIG
RTN |
Signal Return. |
|
|
Signal |
A fluctuating
electric quantity, such as voltage or current, whose variations represent
information. |
|
|
Signal
Return (SIG RTN) |
A dedicated sensor
ground circuit that is common to two or more sensors. |
|
|
SIL |
Shift Indicator Lamp. |
|
|
Silicon |
A black nonmetallic
element; the most common in the Earth's crust, as a compound with Oxygen
(Silicon Dioxide=Sand=Glass). It is used in semiconductors and in steel
alloys, among many other applications. |
|
|
Silicone |
A durable colorless
polymer used in brake fluid, grease, and (for a short time) in prosthetics -
particularly breast implants. Silicone grease does not dissolve in water or
gasoline, and so is often used in vehicles, but it can block fuel injectors.
Its grease can be formulated with a high dielectric, and is often referred to
as "dielectric grease". Another forumlation ("electrical
grease") is thinner and doesn't interfere with electrical contacts. |
|
|
Silver
cadmium |
A type of plating used on
some automotive parts such as brake master cylinder lids, electrical relays,
etc. Similar to gold cadmium only it has a silver color. |
|
|
Single-Function Reservoir
(SFR) |
A fuel reservoir used
on '84-89 single-tank Ford trucks which may contain a filter. |
|
|
Sipe |
1) the small veins in
the tread of a tire, designed to allow water to flow away from the larger
tread blocks; 2) to modify the tread surface of a tire to improve its
performance in specific terrain. |
|
|
SIPS |
Side Impact Protection System |
|
|
SIR |
Supplemental Inflatable Restraint |
|
|
Six
pack |
No, not that! Three two
barrel carburetors |
|
|
SJB |
Smart Junction Box. |
|
|
Skinny
Pedal |
(slang) accelerator;
a reference to using engine power rather than skill or good sense. |
|
|
Slave
Cylinder |
The output device for
a manual (pedal) hydraulic system. The term applies to drum brake wheel
cylinders, hydraulic calipers, & clutch slave cylinders. See Master
Cylinder. |
|
|
Sleeper |
A high performance car that
has the appearance of being average. (Ex. A 4 door wagon with a 409 engine) |
|
|
Slider |
1) A sliding window;
2) A rock slider. |
|
|
Slip
Yoke |
A telescoping
connection between a splined shaft (usually the output shaft of a
transmission or transfer case) and a U-joint in a driveshaft. Most fullsize
Ford trucks use a slip yoke at the forward end of the rear driveshaft, except
those with the BW 1342 t-case. |
|
|
Slip
Yoke Elimination (SYE) |
a popular
modification to a transfer case from slip-yoke to fixed-yoke. It prevents a
short driveshaft on a long-travel suspension from falling out of the t-case. |
|
|
Slotted Rotor |
A disk brake rotor
which has had spiral slots machined into its surface. Historically, this was
done to improve braking performance due to poor friction materials which
contained adhesives & other contaminants that produce gas when heated
(causing the pads to 'float' away from the rotor like a hovercraft), and
which also produce varnish on the friction surfaces. The slots not only allow
this gas to escape, but also clean the pads. Modern pads do not suffer from
these problems, so modern slots are purely cosmetic. However, removing metal
from the disk's surface causes the pads & rotors to wear faster, and
causes heat to build up to higher temperatures; both of which reduce braking
effectiveness. See Cross-drilled Rotor, Wilwood FAQ. |
|
|
Slotted
Screw |
A style of screw head
using a simple, straight, central groove designed to be driven by a
correspondingly simple, straight-edged tool. AKA Flathead. See Screw.
Contrast Phillips, Torx. |
|
|
Slushbox |
(slang) An automatic
transmission. Contrast Grindbox. |
|
|
Smallblock |
An engine family of
varying displacements that share some parts & characteristics, most of
which have lower displacement than most of those in another family of engines
from the same manufacturer. Contrast Short Block, Long Block, Bigblock. |
|
|
Smart
Junction Box |
A fuse panel which
includes certain functions of the GEM, LCM, DDM, or RAP. |
|
|
SME |
Society of
Manufacturing Engineers. |
|
|
Smog |
1) Smoke & fog;
2) (slang) vehicle emissions |
|
|
Smog
Pump |
(slang) Secondary Air
pump |
|
|
Smogged |
(slang) Tested for
emissions |
|
|
Smoke
Test |
1) The common method
to find a leak in the evaporative system, using a special machine that
generates visible (but non-toxic/nonflammable) smoke; 2) (slang) applying
power to a circuit with a known but hidden fault, causing the fault to get
hot enough to put off smoke, or at least become more apparent in some way,
usually resulting in more damage. |
|
|
Snap
Ring |
A hardened spring
steel ring with a gap and an eye on each end for a tool to grip & stretch
the ring for installation/removal. Internal snap rings have eyes inside, and
fit into an interior groove; externals have the eyes outside, and fit into an
external groove. |
|
|
Snatch |
A recovery technique
that uses the momentum of the fast-moving extraction vehicle to overcome the
inertia and other forces acting on the stuck vehicle. It is typically the
most-dangerous & most-destructive technique. |
|
|
Snatch
Strap |
An elastic recovery
strap which reduces the impact on the vehicles and converts momentum to force
more smoothly (and more safely). |
|
|
Sniffer |
(slang) An electronic
device used to detect chemicals by sampling air; most often, refrigerant or
exhaust gas. |
|
|
SOA |
Spring-over axle; a
method of lifting a vehicle originally built with the leaf springs passing
under the axle tube. Applies mainly to Jeep & Dodge. |
|
|
SODD |
Special Order Design
Division |
|
|
SOHC |
Single Overhead Cam |
|
|
Sol
V |
Solenoid valve; a
valve (usually to control vacuum) operated by an integral solenoid, such as
the TAB, TAD, EVR, CANP, IAC, & fuel injectors. |
|
|
SOL/Sol. |
Solenoid |
|
|
Solenoid |
A device consisting
of an electrical coil which, when energized, produces a magnetic field in a
plunger which is pulled to a central position. A solenoid may be used as an
actuator in a valve or switch. A solenoid-operated switch is called relay. Few
Fords before 1990 used a starter with a solenoid, but even after that, a
starter relay was often still used. Most other brands of '75-95 US vehicles
use only a starter solenoid with no relay, which results in most parts
suppliers calling Ford-type relays 'solenoids'. |
|
|
Solid
Axle |
A suspension unit
(typically a driving axle) which rigidly connects the 2 wheels, most often by
a tube containing a differential and axleshafts. Front (steering) solid axles
also include steering knuckles & universal joints of some type. Contrast
IFS/IRS. |
|
|
Solid
Axle Swap (SAS) |
The process of
retrofitting a solid axle to a vehicle originally built with an independent
axle; most commonly, the front. |
|
|
Spanner |
A style of wrench
that grips the face of the fastener (usually a large, thin nut), as opposed
to the sides. Common applications include antenna nuts & wheel bearing
adjusting nuts on 4WD vehicles. |
|
|
Spark
Output (SPOUT) |
A shorting plug,
connector, signal, or circuit which transmits the desired spark timing
information from the PCM to the ICM. |
|
|
Spark
Plug |
A gasoline engine
part designed to withstand high temperature & voltage (using a ceramic
insulator) and produce a spark inside the combustion chamber to ignite the
fuel/air mixture. See Gap, Indexing, Side Gapping. |
|
|
Speed |
The magnitude of
velocity (regardless of direction); distance divided by time. |
|
|
Speed
Shift |
Shifting a manual
transmission without using the clutch by working the throttle to match the
engine speed to the transmission. Commonly used in drag racing & heavy
trucks, but also when the clutch system has failed in some way. Contrast
Double Clutch. |
|
|
SPFI |
Sequential Port Fuel Injection |
|
|
Spider
Gears |
(slang) The smallest
gears within a normal open differential on the pinion shaft,
technically called pinion gears. They mesh with the side gears and are
responsible for thedifferential action. |
|
|
SPK |
Spark Control |
|
|
Spool
or Full Spool |
A single solid piece
of metal which connects an axle's ring gear to the axleshafts, providing no
differentiation. Contrast Differential, Locker. Compare Lincoln-Locker. |
|
|
SPOUT |
Spark Output. |
|
|
SPOUT |
Spark Output |
|
|
spt
cpe, Spt Cpe |
Sport coupe |
|
|
spt
sed, Spt Sed |
Sport sedan |
|
|
Spur
Gear |
A common &
inexpensive gear design using straight teeth on the gear's circumference, and
parallel shafts. It produces wear, noise, & irregular output speed.
Contrast Helical, Bevel, Herringbone, Hypoid, Worm. |
|
|
Squeak |
A high brief noise,
like new tennis shoes on a clean floor. |
|
|
Squeal |
A high continuous
noise, like a slipping drivebelt. |
|
|
SRE |
Spherical Rod End; a
swivelling connection used mainly in steering & suspension systems. It
contains no rubber, and so produces much more precise movement, at the
expense of transmitting more NVH. See Heim. |
|
|
SRI |
Service Reminder Indicator |
|
|
SRS |
Secondary Restraint System |
|
|
SRS |
Supplemental Restraint System |
|
|
SS |
Supersport |
|
|
SS |
1) Shift Solenoid; 2)
Super Sport; a high-performance vehicle, usually a V8 coupe (muscle car). |
|
|
SSI |
Solid State Ignition |
|
|
ST |
Scan Tool. |
|
|
STA |
See "S"
(definition 2). |
|
|
Stake |
A procedure to
prevent a metal part from sliding, turning, or moving by bending a small
section of it so that it interferes with other parts. |
|
|
Standard
Corporate Protocol |
A communication
language used by most automotive manufacturers for exchanging bi-directional
messages (signals) between stand-alone modules and devices. Two or more
signals (multiplexed) can be sent over one circuit. Included in these
messages is diagnostic data that is output over the BUS+ and BUS - lines to
the data link connector (DLC). This information is accessible with a scan
tool. |
|
|
Standing
Wave Ratio (SWR) |
A measure of the
efficiency of a radio transmitter (usually a CB) & its antenna system.
The ideal value is 1, meaning all of the energy leaving the radio's output is
radiated from the antenna. Deviations from this can be caused by poor
connections, coiled antenna cables, or improperly tuned antennae (wrong
effective length for the average frequency). It is not related to Ground
Plane, although both affect transmitting range. SWR does not affect
reception. |
|
|
STAR |
Self |
|
|
Static |
Unmoving/stagnant/still.
Contrast Dynamic. |
|
|
std,
Std, S.A.E. |
Standard |
|
|
Step
Bar |
A lightweight beam
below the rocker panel designed to carry the weight of a few people as they
enter/exit the vehicle. Contrast Rock Slider; Nerf Bar; Exo-Cage. |
|
|
Sterling |
A medium truck
manufacturer owned by Ford. |
|
|
Sterling
Cycle |
A thermodynamic cycle
used for low-torque low-maintenance applications, such as remote agricutural
water pumps. The cycle is among the most efficient yet known, and can operate
on virtually any fuel that creates heat. It was experimentally adapted for
vehicle use in postal vans in the early 90s. |
|
|
STFT |
Short Term Fuel Trim |
|
|
STO |
Self Test Output |
|
|
Straight
Pipe |
An exhaust system
with no muffler. |
|
|
Stroked |
An engine that's had the
length of it's piston stroke increased |
|
|
Strut |
Any rigid structural
member, usually within the suspension system. See also MacPherson Strut. |
|
|
Stupid
Tax |
(slang) the cost of
vehicle repairs, usually those due to exuberant or reckless driving. |
|
|
Subframe |
a removeable frame
substantially heavier than the rest of the vehicle structure, but
substantially smaller than the complete vehicle. It is commonly used to
support the engine & front suspension in FWD monocoque & unibody
vehicles, and sometimes for the rear suspension. Contrast Ladder Frame. |
|
|
Sublet |
Repairs performed at
a different shop than the one the owner left the vehicle in, such as a
transmission rebuilder or a painter. Generally, the vehicle owner isn't aware
of sublet jobs because the primary shop handles the transportation &
warranty, and integrates the cost into its own bill. Contrast In-House. |
|
|
SULEV |
Super Ultra Low
Emission Vehicle. |
|
|
SuperCharger
or SuperCharged (SC) |
A forced-induction
system, or its primary component a
rotating mechanism driven mechanically by engine power to provide pressurized
air to the intake manifold. Contrast Turbocharger, Ram Air, Naturally Aspirated. |
|
|
Suspension
Lift |
The modification of a
vehicle's ride height by increasing the vertical distance from the frame (or
unibody) to the hubs. It usually results in increased suspension travel, body
sway, and approach/breakover/departure angles. It does not affect ground
clearance. See Lift. Contrast Body Lift, Tire Lift. |
|
|
SUT |
Sport-Utility Truck.
A class of vehicles that generally includes 4-door wagon-body open-bed light
trucks, & minivans designed to look like 4-door open-bed light trucks. |
|
|
SUV |
Sport-Utility
Vehicle. A class of vehicles that generally includes wagon-body light trucks,
& minvans with slightly increased ground clearance and short wheelbase.
Some are available with 4WD or AWD. |
|
|
Suva® |
The DuPont name for
R-134a. See Refrigerant. |
|
|
SV
CBV |
Solenoid Valve
Carborator Bowl Vent (carburetor/vacuum) |
|
|
SVO
or SVT |
Ford's
high-performance division, originally called Special Vehicle Operations, but
changed to Special Vehicle Team. |
|
|
Sw. |
Switch |
|
|
SWAG |
(slang) Slightly
wild-ass guess. |
|
|
Swage |
1) A connection
(usually a soft hose to a rigid nipple) secured by compressing a solid collar
past a lip or barb using dies or rollers. Many power steering & A/C hoses
are die swaged. 2) The tool used in this process. |
|
|
SWB |
Short Wheel Base |
|
|
Switch |
A device for making,
breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit. |
|
|
SWR |
Standing Wave Ratio. |
|
|
Sys. |
System |
|
|
System |
A group of
interacting mechanical &/or electrical components serving a common
purpose. |
|
|
T.P.I. |
Tuned Port Injection |
|
|
TAC,
T.A.C. |
Thermostatic air cleaner |
|
|
TACH |
Tachometer |
|
|
TBI |
Throttle body injection |
|
|
TBI |
Throttle Body Injection |
|
|
TCC |
Torque Converter Clutch |
|
|
TCM |
Transmission or Transaxle Control Module |
|
|
TCS |
Transmission controlled
spark |
|
|
TCS |
Traction control solenoid |
|
|
TD |
Turbo Diesel |
|
|
TDC |
Top Dead Center |
|
|
TDI |
Turbo Direct Injection |
|
|
Temp. |
Temperature |
|
|
tg,
TG, |
Turbo glide |
|
|
th,
TH, |
Turbo hydamatic |
|
|
THERMAC |
Thermostatic Air Cleaner |
|
|
TI,
T.I. |
Transistor Ignition |
|
|
TIV |
Thermactor Idle Vacuum Valve |
|
|
tk,
Tk, TK |
Truck |
|
|
TKS |
Throttle Kicker Solenoid |
|
|
TPI |
Tuned Port Injection |
|
|
TPP |
Throttle Position Potentiometer |
|
|
TPS |
Throttle Position Sensor/Switch |
|
|
TPT |
Throttle Position Transducer |
|
|
TRC,
T.R.C. |
Throttle return control |
|
|
Tri-five |
A 1955-56-57 Chevy |
|
|
Tri-Power |
Three two barrel
carburetors |
|
|
TS |
Temperature Sensor |
|
|
TSP |
Throttle Solenoid Positioner |
|
|
TV |
Thermovalve |
|
|
TV |
Throttle Valve |
|
|
TVS |
Thermal Vacuum Switch |
|
|
TVS,
T.V.S. |
Thermal vacuum switch |
|
|
TWC |
Three Way Catalyst |
|
|
U/S |
Undersize |
|
|
UPR |
Upper |
|
|
VAC
* |
Vaccum |
|
|
Vac. |
Vacuum |
|
|
VAF |
Vane Airflow |
|
|
VAPS |
Variable Assist Power Steering |
|
|
VCC |
Viscous Converter Clutch |
|
|
VCRM |
Variable Control Relay Module |
|
|
VIN |
Vehicle Identification Number |
|
|
VM |
Vacuum Modulator |
|
|
VOLT. |
Voltage |
|
|
VOM |
Volt/Ohmmeter |
|
|
VRV |
Vacuum Regulator Valve |
|
|
VSS |
Vehicle Speed Sensor |
|
|
VSV |
Vacuum Switching Valve |
|
|
VVC |
Variable Valve Control |
|
|
VVT |
Variable Valve Timing |
|
|
VVT-i |
Variable Valve Timing with intelligence
(controlled by the ECM) |
|
|
W.W.W. |
Wide white walls |
|
|
W/ |
With |
|
|
W/ |
With |
|
|
W/O |
Without |
|
|
W/O |
Without |
|
|
WAC |
Wide Open Throttle A/C Switch |
|
|
WB |
wheel base |
|
|
WB02 |
Wide Band Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
WCFB |
"Will Carter four
barrel" A 4 barrel carburetor made by Carter |
|
|
Wheel
offset (backspace) |
This is the distance from the rear mounting surface of
the wheel to the rear edge of the rim. Example |
|
|
WHL |
wheel |
|
|
w-motor,
W-motor |
348 or 409 Chevy engine |
|
|
WOT |
Wide Open Throttle |
|
|
WOT,
W.O.T. |
Wide Open Throttle |
|
|
Z-11 |
The R.P.O. number for the
aluminum nosed 427 Impala |
|
|
|
Click here to view a sample build sheet |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2V |
|
|
|
Two
(Venturi) Valve (two barrel carburetor) |
|
|
|
2v |
|
|
|
Two
Valve (cylinder head) |
|
|
|
2WS |
|
|
|
Two
Wheel Steer |
|
|
|
4EAT |
|
|
|
Four
speed Electronic Automatic Transmission |
|
|
|
4V |
|
|
|
Four
(Venturi) Valve (four barrel carburetor) |
|
|
|
4v |
|
|
|
Four
Valve (cylinder head) |
|
|
|
4WAS |
|
|
|
Four
Wheel Air Suspension |
|
|
|
4WD |
|
|
|
Four
Wheel Drive |
|
|
|
4WS |
|
|
|
Four
Wheel Steer |
|
|
|
16v |
|
|
|
Sixteen
valve (cylinder head) |
|
|
|
AAT |
|
|
|
Ambient
Air Temperature |
|
|
|
ABC |
|
|
|
Active
Body Control |
|
|
|
ABS |
|
|
|
Antilock
Brake System |
|
|
|
A/C |
|
|
|
Air
Conditioning |
|
|
|
ACC |
|
|
|
Adaptive
Cruise Control |
|
|
|
ACC |
|
|
|
Automatic
Climate Control |
|
|
|
accel |
|
|
|
Acceleration |
|
|
|
accum |
|
|
|
Accumulator |
|
|
|
accy |
|
|
|
Accessory |
|
|
|
ACE |
|
|
|
Active
Cornering Enhancement |
|
|
|
ACL |
|
|
|
Air
cleaner |
|
|
|
ACM |
|
|
|
Airbag
Control Module |
|
|
|
ACM |
|
|
|
Audio
Control Module |
|
|
|
ACT |
|
|
|
Air
Charge Temperature |
|
|
|
ADAS |
|
|
|
Advanced
Driver Assistance System |
|
|
|
ADC |
|
|
|
Automatic
Distance Control |
|
|
|
ADL |
|
|
|
Automatic
Door Lock |
|
|
|
AECM |
|
|
|
Airbag
Electronic Control Module |
|
|
|
A/F |
|
|
|
Air
Fuel Ratio (see also AFR) |
|
|
|
AFC |
|
|
|
Air
Flow Control |
|
|
|
AFC |
|
|
|
Air
Fuel Control |
|
|
|
AFR |
|
|
|
Air
Fuel Ratio (see also A/F) |
|
|
|
AGVS |
|
|
|
Automated
Guided Vehicle System |
|
|
|
AHLD |
|
|
|
Automatic
Headlamp Levelling Device |
|
|
|
AHR |
|
|
|
Active
Head Restraint |
|
|
|
AHS |
|
|
|
Active
Handling System |
|
|
|
AIS |
|
|
|
Automatic
Idle Speed |
|
|
|
ALC |
|
|
|
Automatic
Level Control |
|
|
|
ALT |
|
|
|
Alternator
(see also GEN) |
|
|
|
AMM |
|
|
|
Air
Mass Meter |
|
|
|
AMT |
|
|
|
Automated
Manual Transmission |
|
|
|
AOD |
|
|
|
Automatic
Overdrive |
|
|
|
AOS |
|
|
|
Automatic
Occupant Sensing |
|
|
|
API |
|
|
|
American
Petroleum Institute |
|
|
|
APO |
|
|
|
Accessory
Power Outlets |
|
|
|
APP |
|
|
|
Accelerator
Pedal Position |
|
|
|
ARC |
|
|
|
Active
Roll Control |
|
|
|
ARC |
|
|
|
Automatic
Ride Control |
|
|
|
ARS |
|
|
|
Automatic
Restraint System |
|
|
|
ASARC |
|
|
|
Air
Suspension Automatic Ride Control |
|
|
|
ASCD |
|
|
|
Auto
Speed Control Device |
|
|
|
ASF |
|
|
|
Audi
Space Frame |
|
|
|
ASG |
|
|
|
Automatic-Shift
Gearbox |
|
|
|
ASR |
|
|
|
Acceleration
Slip Regulation |
|
|
|
ASTC |
|
|
|
Automatic
Stability and Traction Control |
|
|
|
A/T |
|
|
|
Automatic
Transmission |
|
|
|
ATC |
|
|
|
Automatic
Temperature Control |
|
|
|
ATDC |
|
|
|
After
Top Dead Center |
|
|
|
ATF |
|
|
|
Active
Transfer Case |
|
|
|
ATF |
|
|
|
Automatic
Transfer Case |
|
|
|
ATF |
|
|
|
Automatic
Transmission Fluid |
|
|
|
ATSLC |
|
|
|
Automatic
Transmission Shift Lock Control |
|
|
|
ATTS |
|
|
|
Advanced
Torque Transfer System |
|
|
|
AWD |
|
|
|
All
Wheel Drive |
|
|
|
AYC |
|
|
|
Active
Yaw Control |
|
|
|
BARO |
|
|
|
Barometric
(pressure) |
|
|
|
BAS |
|
|
|
Brake
Apply Sensor |
|
|
|
batt |
|
|
|
Battery |
|
|
|
BBK |
|
|
|
Big
Brake Kit |
|
|
|
BBV |
|
|
|
Brake
Booster Vacuum |
|
|
|
BCM |
|
|
|
Body
Control Module |
|
|
|
BHP |
|
|
|
Brake
Horsepower |
|
|
|
BLW |
|
|
|
Brake
Lining Wear |
|
|
|
BMAP |
|
|
|
Barometric
and Manifold Absolute Pressure |
|
|
|
BP |
|
|
|
Back
Pressure |
|
|
|
BPA |
|
|
|
Brake
Pedal Applied |
|
|
|
BPA |
|
|
|
Bypass
Air |
|
|
|
BPMV |
|
|
|
Brake
Pressure Modulator Valve |
|
|
|
BPP |
|
|
|
Brake
Pedal Position |
|
|
|
BPW |
|
|
|
Base
Pulse Width |
|
|
|
BTCM |
|
|
|
Brake
Torque Control Module |
|
|
|
BTDC |
|
|
|
Before
Top Dead Center |
|
|
|
BTSI |
|
|
|
Brake
Transmission Shift Interlock |
|
|
|
C3I |
|
|
|
Computer
Controlled Coil Ignition |
|
|
|
CAA |
|
|
|
Canadian
Automobile Association |
|
|
|
CAA |
|
|
|
Clean
Air Act |
|
|
|
CAB |
|
|
|
Controller,
Antilock Brake |
|
|
|
CAC |
|
|
|
Charge
Air Cooler |
|
|
|
CAFC |
|
|
|
Company
Average Fuel Consumption (Canada) |
|
|
|
CAFE |
|
|
|
Corporate
Average Fuel Economy (USA) |
|
|
|
CASE |
|
|
|
Cranking
Angle Sensing Error |
|
|
|
CC |
|
|
|
Climate
Control |
|
|
|
CC |
|
|
|
Coast
Clutch |
|
|
|
CC |
|
|
|
Cruise
Control |
|
|
|
CCD |
|
|
|
Chrysler
Collision Detection |
|
|
|
CCCD |
|
|
|
Catalytic
Converter Cool-Down |
|
|
|
CCD |
|
|
|
Computer
Controlled Dwell |
|
|
|
CCDIC |
|
|
|
Climate
Control Driver Information Center |
|
|
|
CCFL |
|
|
|
Cold-Cathode
Flourescent Lamp |
|
|
|
CCM |
|
|
|
Central
Control Module |
|
|
|
CCM |
|
|
|
Chassis
Control Module |
|
|
|
CCP |
|
|
|
Climate
Control Panel |
|
|
|
CCS |
|
|
|
Climate
Controlled Seat |
|
|
|
CCS |
|
|
|
Coast
Clutch Solenoid |
|
|
|
CDA |
|
|
|
Cylinder
De-Activation |
|
|
|
CDR |
|
|
|
Chrysler
Diagnostic Readout |
|
|
|
CDR |
|
|
|
Crash
Data Retrieval |
|
|
|
CDRV |
|
|
|
Crankcase
Depression Regulator Valve |
|
|
|
CEL |
|
|
|
Check
Engine Light (see also MIL) |
|
|
|
CEAB |
|
|
|
Cold
Engine Air Bleed |
|
|
|
CEMS |
|
|
|
Catalyst
Efficiency Management System |
|
|
|
CEMS |
|
|
|
Carbureted
Engine Management System |
|
|
|
CFI |
|
|
|
Central
Fuel Injection (replaced with TBI) |
|
|
|
CFI |
|
|
|
Continuous
Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
cfm |
|
|
|
cubic
feet per minute |
|
|
|
CG |
|
|
|
Center
of Gravity |
|
|
|
CHMSL |
|
|
|
Center
High Mounted Stop Lamp |
|
|
|
CID |
|
|
|
Cubic
Inch Displacement |
|
|
|
CID |
|
|
|
Cylinder
Identification |
|
|
|
CKP |
|
|
|
Crankshaft
Position |
|
|
|
CL |
|
|
|
Closed
Loop |
|
|
|
CLCC |
|
|
|
Closed
Loop Carburetor Control |
|
|
|
CLS |
|
|
|
Coolant
Level Switch |
|
|
|
CLTBI |
|
|
|
Closed
Loop Throttle Body Injection |
|
|
|
CLNT |
|
|
|
Coolant |
|
|
|
CMC |
|
|
|
Compressor
Motor Controller |
|
|
|
cmd |
|
|
|
Command |
|
|
|
cmdd |
|
|
|
Commanded |
|
|
|
CMFI |
|
|
|
Central
Multi-port Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
CMP |
|
|
|
Camshaft
Position |
|
|
|
CMVSS |
|
|
|
Canadian
Motor Vehicle Safety Standards |
|
|
|
CNG |
|
|
|
Compressed
Natural Gas |
|
|
|
CO |
|
|
|
Carbon
Monoxide |
|
|
|
CO2 |
|
|
|
Carbon
Dioxide |
|
|
|
comm |
|
|
|
Communication |
|
|
|
cond |
|
|
|
Condition |
|
|
|
const |
|
|
|
Constant |
|
|
|
COP |
|
|
|
Coil
On Plug |
|
|
|
COP |
|
|
|
Computer
Operating Properly |
|
|
|
CP |
|
|
|
Canister
Purge |
|
|
|
CPC |
|
|
|
Camshaft
Position Control |
|
|
|
CPI |
|
|
|
Central
Port Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
CPP |
|
|
|
Clutch
Pedal Position |
|
|
|
CPS |
|
|
|
Cam
Profile Switching |
|
|
|
CPS |
|
|
|
Childseat
Postioning Sensor |
|
|
|
CPU |
|
|
|
Central
Processing Unit |
|
|
|
CRR |
|
|
|
Cool
Running Rotor |
|
|
|
CS |
|
|
|
Charging
System |
|
|
|
CSC |
|
|
|
Commercial
Stripped Chassis |
|
|
|
CSFI |
|
|
|
Central
Sequential Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
CSI |
|
|
|
Compression
Sense Ignition |
|
|
|
CTD |
|
|
|
Content
Theft Deterent |
|
|
|
CTOX |
|
|
|
Continuous
Trap Oxidizer |
|
|
|
CTP |
|
|
|
Closed
Throttle Position (switch) |
|
|
|
CTS |
|
|
|
Coolant
Temperature Sensor |
|
|
|
CV |
|
|
|
Constant
Velocity |
|
|
|
CVN |
|
|
|
Calibration
Verification Number |
|
|
|
CVRSS |
|
|
|
Continuously
Variable Road Sensing Suspenion |
|
|
|
CVRTD |
|
|
|
Continuously
Variable Real Time Damping |
|
|
|
CVT |
|
|
|
Continuously
Variable Transmission |
|
|
|
CZS |
|
|
|
Crash
Zone Sensor |
|
|
|
DAB |
|
|
|
Delayed
Accessory Bus |
|
|
|
DAB |
|
|
|
Driver
AirBag (module) |
|
|
|
DART |
|
|
|
Diagnostic
And Reprogramming Tool |
|
|
|
dB |
|
|
|
Decibels |
|
|
|
dBA |
|
|
|
decibels
on A-weighted scale |
|
|
|
DBB |
|
|
|
Dual
Bed Bead |
|
|
|
DBM |
|
|
|
Dual
Bed Monolith |
|
|
|
DC |
|
|
|
Direct
Current |
|
|
|
DC |
|
|
|
Duty
Cycle |
|
|
|
DCCSM |
|
|
|
Dual
Climate Controlled Seat Module |
|
|
|
DCM |
|
|
|
Door
Control Module |
|
|
|
DDM |
|
|
|
Driver's
Door Module |
|
|
|
DDS |
|
|
|
Deflection
Detection System |
|
|
|
DDS |
|
|
|
Driver's
Door Switch |
|
|
|
DE |
|
|
|
Drive
End |
|
|
|
dec |
|
|
|
Decrement |
|
|
|
DEC |
|
|
|
Digital
Electronic Controller |
|
|
|
DERM |
|
|
|
Diagnostic
Energy Reserve Module |
|
|
|
des |
|
|
|
Desired |
|
|
|
DFCO |
|
|
|
Deceleration
Fuel CutOff |
|
|
|
DFI |
|
|
|
Direct
Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
DGI |
|
|
|
Direct
Gasoline Injection |
|
|
|
DI |
|
|
|
Distributor
Ignition |
|
|
|
DIC |
|
|
|
Driver
Information Center |
|
|
|
diff |
|
|
|
Differential |
|
|
|
DIM |
|
|
|
Dashboard
Integration Module |
|
|
|
dis |
|
|
|
Disable |
|
|
|
DIS |
|
|
|
Direct
(aka Distributorless) Ignition System (replaced with EI) |
|
|
|
disc |
|
|
|
Disconnect |
|
|
|
DISI |
|
|
|
Direct
Injection, Spark Ignition |
|
|
|
DIST |
|
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
|
DIY |
|
|
|
Do
It Yourself |
|
|
|
DLC |
|
|
|
Data
Link Connector |
|
|
|
DLC |
|
|
|
Diamond
Logic Computer |
|
|
|
DMCM |
|
|
|
Driver
Motor Control Module |
|
|
|
DMM |
|
|
|
Digital
MultiMeter |
|
|
|
DMSD |
|
|
|
Drive
Motor Speed and Direction |
|
|
|
DOHC |
|
|
|
Double
Overhead Cam |
|
|
|
DNR |
|
|
|
Dolby
Noise Reduction |
|
|
|
DOL |
|
|
|
Data
Output Line |
|
|
|
DPFE |
|
|
|
Differential
Pressure Feedback EGR |
|
|
|
DPI |
|
|
|
Dual
Plug Inhibit |
|
|
|
DRB |
|
|
|
Diagnostic
Readout Box |
|
|
|
DRF |
|
|
|
Deactivating
Roller Follower |
|
|
|
DRL |
|
|
|
Daytime
Running Lamps |
|
|
|
DRR |
|
|
|
Digital
Radio Receiver |
|
|
|
DRW |
|
|
|
Dual
Rear Wheel |
|
|
|
DSCC |
|
|
|
Distance
Sensing Cruise Control |
|
|
|
DSDA |
|
|
|
Dual
Stage Driver Airbag |
|
|
|
DSG |
|
|
|
Direct
Shift Gearbox |
|
|
|
DSI |
|
|
|
Dual
Stage Inflator |
|
|
|
DSM |
|
|
|
Driver's
Seat module |
|
|
|
DSO |
|
|
|
Digital
Storage Oscilloscope |
|
|
|
DSP |
|
|
|
Digital
Signal Process |
|
|
|
DSPA |
|
|
|
Dual
Stage Passenger Airbag |
|
|
|
DSRC |
|
|
|
Dedicated
Short Range Commnication |
|
|
|
DSS |
|
|
|
Downshift
Solenoid |
|
|
|
DSST |
|
|
|
Dunlop
Self Supporting Tyre |
|
|
|
DTC |
|
|
|
Diagnostic
Trouble Code |
|
|
|
DTM |
|
|
|
Diagnostic
Test Mode |
|
|
|
DTR |
|
|
|
Digital
Transmission Range |
|
|
|
DTT |
|
|
|
Diesel
Transmission Technologies |
|
|
|
DVOM |
|
|
|
Digital
Volt-Ohmmeter |
|
|
|
E4OD |
|
|
|
Electronic
4-Speed Overdrive |
|
|
|
E10 |
|
|
|
Ethanol
10 percent |
|
|
|
E85 |
|
|
|
Ethanol
85 percent |
|
|
|
EA |
|
|
|
Electronic
Accelerator |
|
|
|
EAC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Air Control (replaced with AIR) |
|
|
|
EAIR |
|
|
|
Electronic
(secondary) Air Injection Reaction |
|
|
|
EAS |
|
|
|
Electrically
Assisted Steering |
|
|
|
EAS |
|
|
|
Electronic
Air Switching |
|
|
|
EATC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Automatic Temperature Control |
|
|
|
EBC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Brake Control |
|
|
|
EBCM |
|
|
|
Electronic
Brake Control Module |
|
|
|
EBD |
|
|
|
Electronic
Brake force Distribution |
|
|
|
EBM |
|
|
|
Electronic
Brake Module |
|
|
|
EBP |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Back Pressure |
|
|
|
EBTCM |
|
|
|
Electronic
Brake and Traction Control Module |
|
|
|
EC |
|
|
|
Electrical
Center |
|
|
|
EC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Control |
|
|
|
E&C |
|
|
|
Entertainment
and Comfort |
|
|
|
ECA |
|
|
|
Electronic
Control Assembly (replaced with PCM) |
|
|
|
ECC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Climate Control |
|
|
|
ECD |
|
|
|
Electronically
Controlled Deceleration |
|
|
|
ECI |
|
|
|
Extended
Compressor at Idle |
|
|
|
ECL |
|
|
|
Engine
Coolant Level |
|
|
|
ECM |
|
|
|
Electronic
Control Module |
|
|
|
ECM |
|
|
|
Engine
Control Module |
|
|
|
ECS |
|
|
|
Electronic
Crash Sensor |
|
|
|
ECS |
|
|
|
Emission
Control System |
|
|
|
ECT |
|
|
|
Engine
Coolant Temperature (Switch, Sensor) |
|
|
|
ECU |
|
|
|
Electronic
Control Unit |
|
|
|
EDF |
|
|
|
Electric
Drive Fan (relay) |
|
|
|
EDIS |
|
|
|
Electronic
Direct Ignition System (replaced with EI) |
|
|
|
EDR |
|
|
|
Event
Data Recorder |
|
|
|
EDSR |
|
|
|
Electronic
Dealer Service (Investigation) Report |
|
|
|
EEC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Engine Control |
|
|
|
EEDS |
|
|
|
Electric-Electronic
Distribution System |
|
|
|
EEPROM |
|
|
|
Electronically
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memeory |
|
|
|
EEVIR |
|
|
|
Evaporator
Equalized Values In Receiver |
|
|
|
EFE |
|
|
|
Early
Fuel Evaporation |
|
|
|
EFI |
|
|
|
Electronic
Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
EFTA |
|
|
|
Engine
Fuel Temperature - Bank 1 Input DEGREES |
|
|
|
EFTA
V |
|
|
|
Engine
Fuel Temperature - Bank 1 Input VOLTS |
|
|
|
EFTB |
|
|
|
Engine
Fuel Temperature - Bank 2 Input DEGREES |
|
|
|
EFTB
V |
|
|
|
Engine
Fuel Temperature - Bank 2 Input VOLTS |
|
|
|
EGC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Gauge Cluster |
|
|
|
EGO |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Oxygen (replaced with O2S) |
|
|
|
EGOG |
|
|
|
EGO
Ground |
|
|
|
EGR |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Recirculation |
|
|
|
EGRBARO |
|
|
|
Enable
Baro Read instead of EGR pressure |
|
|
|
EGRC |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Recirculation Control |
|
|
|
EGRCMDS |
|
|
|
EGR
Motor Commanded In Steps |
|
|
|
EGRMC1 |
|
|
|
EGR
Motor Control Output Command |
|
|
|
EGRMC2 |
|
|
|
EGR
Motor Control Output Command |
|
|
|
EGRMC3 |
|
|
|
EGR
Motor Control Output Command |
|
|
|
EGBMC4 |
|
|
|
EGR
Motor Control Output Command |
|
|
|
EGRT |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Recirculation Temperature (switch) |
|
|
|
EGR
TVV |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Recirculation Thermal Vacuum Valve |
|
|
|
EGRV |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Recirculation Vent |
|
|
|
EGRVR |
|
|
|
EGR
Valve Vacuum Control |
|
|
|
EGTS |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Gas Temperature Switch (replaced with EGRT) |
|
|
|
EHB |
|
|
|
Electro-Hydraulic
Brake |
|
|
|
EHCU |
|
|
|
Electronic
Hydraulic Control Unit |
|
|
|
EHOC |
|
|
|
Electrically
Heated Oxidation Catalyst |
|
|
|
EHPA |
|
|
|
Electro-Hydraulic
Power Assist |
|
|
|
EHPAS |
|
|
|
Electric
Hydraulic Power Assisted Steering |
|
|
|
EHPS |
|
|
|
Electro-Hydraulic
Power Steering |
|
|
|
EHTWC |
|
|
|
Electrically
Heated Three Way Catalyst |
|
|
|
EI |
|
|
|
Electronic
Ignition (includes Distributorless Ignition System, formerly DIS) |
|
|
|
ELC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Level Control |
|
|
|
EM |
|
|
|
Energy
Management |
|
|
|
EM |
|
|
|
Engine
Modification |
|
|
|
EMAS |
|
|
|
Engine
Management and Analysis System |
|
|
|
EMAT |
|
|
|
Electro-Mechanical
Automatic Transmission |
|
|
|
EMB |
|
|
|
Electromagnetic
Brakes |
|
|
|
EMB |
|
|
|
Electro-Mechanical
Brake |
|
|
|
EMCC |
|
|
|
Electronically
Modulated Converter Clutch |
|
|
|
EMF |
|
|
|
ElectroMotive
Force (voltage) |
|
|
|
EMI |
|
|
|
Electromagnetic
Interference |
|
|
|
EMR |
|
|
|
Electronic
Module Retard |
|
|
|
EMR |
|
|
|
Emission
Maintenance Reminder |
|
|
|
EMS |
|
|
|
Engine
Management System |
|
|
|
EOBD |
|
|
|
Enhanced
On-Board Diagnostics |
|
|
|
EOP |
|
|
|
Engine
Oil Pressure |
|
|
|
EOT |
|
|
|
Engine
Oil Temperature |
|
|
|
EOTF |
|
|
|
Engine
Oil Temperature Fault Detection |
|
|
|
EOT
V |
|
|
|
Engine
Oil Temperature Volts |
|
|
|
EP |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Pressure |
|
|
|
EPA |
|
|
|
Environmental
Protection Agency |
|
|
|
EPACT |
|
|
|
Energy
Policy Act |
|
|
|
EPC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Pressure Control |
|
|
|
EPHS |
|
|
|
Electrically
Powered Hydraulic Steering |
|
|
|
EPR |
|
|
|
Exhaust
Pressure Regulator |
|
|
|
EPROM |
|
|
|
Erasable
Programmable Read Only Memory |
|
|
|
EPS |
|
|
|
Electric
Power Steering |
|
|
|
EPS |
|
|
|
Electric
Power Steering |
|
|
|
EPS |
|
|
|
Engine
Position Sensor |
|
|
|
EPT |
|
|
|
EGR
Pressure Transducer (replaced with PFE) |
|
|
|
ERH |
|
|
|
Extended
Ride Height |
|
|
|
ESB |
|
|
|
Energy
Storage Box |
|
|
|
ESB |
|
|
|
Expansion
Spring Brake |
|
|
|
ESC |
|
|
|
Electrical
Systems Controller |
|
|
|
ESC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Spark Control |
|
|
|
ESC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Suspension Control |
|
|
|
ESC |
|
|
|
Extended
Service Contract |
|
|
|
ESCM |
|
|
|
Energy
Storage Control Module |
|
|
|
ESD |
|
|
|
Electrostatic
Discharge |
|
|
|
ESM |
|
|
|
EGR
System Module |
|
|
|
ESM |
|
|
|
Electronic
Steering Module |
|
|
|
ESN |
|
|
|
Electronic
Serial Number |
|
|
|
ESO |
|
|
|
Engine
ShutOff |
|
|
|
ESOF |
|
|
|
Electronic
Shift On (the) Fly |
|
|
|
ESP |
|
|
|
Electronic
Stability Program |
|
|
|
EST |
|
|
|
Electronic
Spark Timing |
|
|
|
ETBE |
|
|
|
Ethyl
Tertiary Butyl Ether |
|
|
|
ETC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Temperature Control |
|
|
|
ETC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Throttle Control |
|
|
|
ETC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Timing Control |
|
|
|
ETCC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Touch Climate Control |
|
|
|
ETR |
|
|
|
Electronically
Tuned Receiver |
|
|
|
ETS |
|
|
|
Enhanced
Traction System |
|
|
|
EUDC |
|
|
|
Extra-Urban
Driving Cycle |
|
|
|
EUDC-LP |
|
|
|
Extra-Urban
Driving Cycle for Low Power vehicles |
|
|
|
EV |
|
|
|
Electric
Vehicle |
|
|
|
EVA |
|
|
|
Electronic
Vibration Analyzer |
|
|
|
EVAP |
|
|
|
Evaporative
Emission |
|
|
|
EVAPCPF |
|
|
|
Evaporative
Emissions Canister Purge Fault YES/NO |
|
|
|
EVAPCV |
|
|
|
Evaporative
Emissions Canister Purge Vent Control |
|
|
|
EVAPCVF |
|
|
|
Evaporative
Emissions Canister Purge Vent Fault |
|
|
|
EVAPPDC |
|
|
|
Evaporative
Emissions Canister Purge Control % |
|
|
|
EVAPPF |
|
|
|
Evaporative
Purge Flow Input VOLTS |
|
|
|
EVIC |
|
|
|
Electronic
Vehicle Information Center |
|
|
|
EVMV |
|
|
|
Electric
Vapour Management Valve |
|
|
|
EVO |
|
|
|
Electronic
Variable Orifice |
|
|
|
EVP |
|
|
|
EGR
Valve Position (sensor) |
|
|
|
EVR |
|
|
|
EGR
Vacuum Regulator |
|
|
|
EVTOP |
|
|
|
Enhanced
Tactical Vehicle Occupant Protection |
|
|
|
EVTM |
|
|
|
Electrical
& Vacuum Troubleshooting Manual |
|
|
|
EWMA |
|
|
|
Exponentially
Weighted Moving Average |
|
|
|
EXH |
|
|
|
Exhaust |
|
|
|
F4WD |
|
|
|
Full
Time Four Wheel Drive |
|
|
|
FABS |
|
|
|
Flexible
Auto Body System |
|
|
|
FAF |
|
|
|
Fan
Air Flow |
|
|
|
FANDC |
|
|
|
Variable
Speed Fan Duty Cycle % |
|
|
|
FANVARF |
|
|
|
Variable
Speed Fan Output Fault |
|
|
|
FBC |
|
|
|
Feedback
Carburetor |
|
|
|
FC |
|
|
|
Fan
Control |
|
|
|
FC |
|
|
|
Friction
Curve |
|
|
|
FCM |
|
|
|
Front
Control module |
|
|
|
FCP |
|
|
|
Fuel
Cell Partnership |
|
|
|
FCU |
|
|
|
Front
Control Unit |
|
|
|
FCV |
|
|
|
Fuel
Cell Vehicle |
|
|
|
FDBK |
|
|
|
Feedback |
|
|
|
FDC |
|
|
|
Fuel
Data Center |
|
|
|
FEAD |
|
|
|
Front
End Accessory Drive (belt) |
|
|
|
FED |
|
|
|
Federal
(except California) |
|
|
|
FEDS |
|
|
|
Fuel
Enable Data Stream |
|
|
|
FEDS |
|
|
|
Flexible
Engine Diagnostic System |
|
|
|
FEIC |
|
|
|
Fuel
Economy Integrated Counter |
|
|
|
FET |
|
|
|
Field
Effect Transistor |
|
|
|
FEX |
|
|
|
Front
Exchanger |
|
|
|
FF |
|
|
|
Flexible
Fuel |
|
|
|
FFCRS |
|
|
|
Front-Facing
Child Restraint System |
|
|
|
FFFP |
|
|
|
Fuel-Flexible
Fuel Processor |
|
|
|
FFH |
|
|
|
Fuel
Fired Heater |
|
|
|
FFS |
|
|
|
Fine-blanking
and Finishing System |
|
|
|
FFS |
|
|
|
Flexible
Fuel Sensor |
|
|
|
FFV |
|
|
|
Flexible
Fuel Vehicle |
|
|
|
FFWS |
|
|
|
Fuel
Filter Water Separator |
|
|
|
FI |
|
|
|
Fuel
Injection |
|
|
|
FICM |
|
|
|
Fuel
Injector Control Module |
|
|
|
FIDO |
|
|
|
Flame
Ionization Detector Optimization |
|
|
|
FIM |
|
|
|
Fuel
Indicator Module |
|
|
|
FIPL |
|
|
|
Fuel
Injection Pump Lever |
|
|
|
FIPT |
|
|
|
Fuel
Inlet Pressure Test |
|
|
|
Fl |
|
|
|
Front
Left |
|
|
|
FLI |
|
|
|
Fuel
Level Indicator Input percent |
|
|
|
FLI
V |
|
|
|
Fuel
Level Indicator Input VOLTS |
|
|
|
FLO |
|
|
|
Fast
Light-Off |
|
|
|
flr |
|
|
|
Floor |
|
|
|
FLVV |
|
|
|
Fill
Limit Vent Valve |
|
|
|
FM |
|
|
|
Frequency
Modulation |
|
|
|
FMEM |
|
|
|
Failure
Mode Effects Management |
|
|
|
FMVSS |
|
|
|
Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standards |
|
|
|
FP |
|
|
|
Fuel
Pump |
|
|
|
FPCM |
|
|
|
Fuel
injection Pump Control Module |
|
|
|
FPDM |
|
|
|
Fuel
Pump Driver Module |
|
|
|
FPF |
|
|
|
Fuel
Pump Output Fault |
|
|
|
FPI |
|
|
|
Fins
Per Inch |
|
|
|
FPM |
|
|
|
Fuel
Pump Monitor |
|
|
|
FPR |
|
|
|
Fuel
Pump Regulator |
|
|
|
FPRC |
|
|
|
Fuel
Pressure Regulator Circuit |
|
|
|
FPS |
|
|
|
Fast
Pass Standard |
|
|
|
FPSM |
|
|
|
Fuel
Pump Secondary Monitor |
|
|
|
FPV |
|
|
|
Ford
Performance Vehicles |
|
|
|
FR |
|
|
|
Front
Right |
|
|
|
FRACAS |
|
|
|
Failure
Reporting And Corrective Action System |
|
|
|
FRC |
|
|
|
Forced |
|
|
|
freq |
|
|
|
Frequency |
|
|
|
frnt |
|
|
|
Front |
|
|
|
FRP |
|
|
|
Fuel
Rail Pressure |
|
|
|
FRS |
|
|
|
Face
Recognition System |
|
|
|
FRV |
|
|
|
First
Response Vehicle |
|
|
|
FSA |
|
|
|
Field
Service Action |
|
|
|
FSDI |
|
|
|
Four-Stroke,
Direct Injection |
|
|
|
FSI |
|
|
|
Fuel
Straight Injection |
|
|
|
FSS |
|
|
|
Forward
Sensing System |
|
|
|
FSVF |
|
|
|
Fuel
Solenoid Valve Fault |
|
|
|
FSVM |
|
|
|
Fuel
Solenoid Valve Secondary Monitor |
|
|
|
FT |
|
|
|
Fuel
Trim |
|
|
|
FTP |
|
|
|
Federal
Test Procedure |
|
|
|
FTP |
|
|
|
Fuel
Tank Pressure |
|
|
|
FTPT |
|
|
|
Fuel
Tank Pressure Transducer |
|
|
|
FUDC |
|
|
|
Federal
Urban Driving Cycle |
|
|
|
FUELPW1 |
|
|
|
Injector
Pulse Width Bank 1 |
|
|
|
FUELPW2 |
|
|
|
Injector
Pulse Width Bank 2 |
|
|
|
FW |
|
|
|
Flat
Wire |
|
|
|
fwd |
|
|
|
Forward |
|
|
|
FWD |
|
|
|
Front
Wheel Drive |
|
|
|
GA |
|
|
|
Gage |
|
|
|
GA |
|
|
|
Gravitational
Acceleration |
|
|
|
GAWR |
|
|
|
Gross
Axle Weight Rating |
|
|
|
GCR |
|
|
|
Global
Concern Report |
|
|
|
GCW |
|
|
|
Gross
Combined Weight |
|
|
|
g/cyl |
|
|
|
Grams
per Cylinder |
|
|
|
GCWR |
|
|
|
Gross
Combined Weight Rating |
|
|
|
GDI |
|
|
|
Gasoline
Direct Injection |
|
|
|
GEN |
|
|
|
Generator |
|
|
|
GENF |
|
|
|
Generator
Output Fault |
|
|
|
GENFDC |
|
|
|
Generator
Field Control Output |
|
|
|
GEM |
|
|
|
Gasoline
Engine Management |
|
|
|
GEM |
|
|
|
Generic
Electronic Module |
|
|
|
GFS |
|
|
|
Generator
Field Signal |
|
|
|
GGT |
|
|
|
Gas
Guzzler Tax |
|
|
|
GHG |
|
|
|
GreenHouse
Gas |
|
|
|
GISMO |
|
|
|
Geographic
Information System, Mobile |
|
|
|
GND |
|
|
|
Ground |
|
|
|
GOVN |
|
|
|
Governor
Module |
|
|
|
GPCM |
|
|
|
Glow
Plug Control Module |
|
|
|
GPS |
|
|
|
Global
Positioning System |
|
|
|
GS |
|
|
|
Garage
Shift |
|
|
|
g/sec |
|
|
|
Grams
per Second |
|
|
|
GTL |
|
|
|
Gas
To Liquid |
|
|
|
GVW |
|
|
|
Gross
Vehicle Weight |
|
|
|
GVWR |
|
|
|
Gross
Vehicle Weight Rating |
|
|
|
H |
|
|
|
Hydrogen |
|
|
|
H2DI |
|
|
|
Hydrogen
Direct Injection |
|
|
|
H2O |
|
|
|
Water |
|
|
|
HAST |
|
|
|
High
Accelerated Stress Test |
|
|
|
HBA |
|
|
|
Hydraulic
Brake Assist |
|
|
|
HBU |
|
|
|
Hub
Bearing Unit |
|
|
|
HC |
|
|
|
Hydrocarbons |
|
|
|
HCCI |
|
|
|
Homogeneous-Charge,
Compression Ignition |
|
|
|
HCM |
|
|
|
Heating
Control Module |
|
|
|
HCM |
|
|
|
Hybrid
Control Module |
|
|
|
HCU |
|
|
|
Hydraulic
Control Unit |
|
|
|
HCV |
|
|
|
Heavy
Commercial Vehicle |
|
|
|
H/CMPR |
|
|
|
High
Compression |
|
|
|
HD |
|
|
|
Heavy
Duty |
|
|
|
HDC |
|
|
|
Heavy
Duty Cooling |
|
|
|
HDGV |
|
|
|
Heavy
Duty Gasoline-fueled Vehicle |
|
|
|
HDR |
|
|
|
High
Data Rate |
|
|
|
HD-UDDS |
|
|
|
Heavy
Duty Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule |
|
|
|
HEC |
|
|
|
Hybrid
Electronic Cluster |
|
|
|
HEDF |
|
|
|
High
Speed Electro Drive Fan (relay or circuit) |
|
|
|
HEGO |
|
|
|
Heated
Exhaust Gas Oxygen (sensor) (replaced with HO2S) |
|
|
|
HEGOG |
|
|
|
HEGO
Ground (circuit) |
|
|
|
HEPS |
|
|
|
Hydraulic
Electric Power Steering |
|
|
|
HEUI |
|
|
|
Hydraulic-actuated
Electronically-controlled Unit Injector |
|
|
|
HEV |
|
|
|
Hybrid
Electric Vehicle |
|
|
|
HFC |
|
|
|
High
Fan Control |
|
|
|
HFC |
|
|
|
Hydraulic
Fading Compensation |
|
|
|
HFCF |
|
|
|
High
Speed Fan Control Fault |
|
|
|
HFM |
|
|
|
Hot
Film Meter |
|
|
|
HFP |
|
|
|
High
Fuel Pump |
|
|
|
Hg |
|
|
|
Mercury |
|
|
|
Hi
Alt |
|
|
|
Hi
Altitude |
|
|
|
HICAS |
|
|
|
High
Capacity Actively Controlled Steering |
|
|
|
HID |
|
|
|
High
Intensity Discharge |
|
|
|
HIS |
|
|
|
Horizontal
Impact Sensor |
|
|
|
hist |
|
|
|
History |
|
|
|
HLDT |
|
|
|
Heavy
Light-Duty Truck |
|
|
|
HLOS |
|
|
|
Hardware
Limited Operating Strategy |
|
|
|
HO |
|
|
|
High
Output |
|
|
|
HO2S |
|
|
|
Heated
Oxygen Sensor |
|
|
|
hp |
|
|
|
Horsepower |
|
|
|
HPDI |
|
|
|
High
Pressure Direct Injection |
|
|
|
HPL |
|
|
|
High
Pressure Liquid |
|
|
|
HPP |
|
|
|
High
Pressure Pump |
|
|
|
HPS |
|
|
|
Head
Protection System |
|
|
|
HPS |
|
|
|
High
Performance System |
|
|
|
HPV |
|
|
|
High
Pressure Vapour |
|
|
|
HPVS |
|
|
|
Heat
Pump Ventilation System |
|
|
|
HRC |
|
|
|
Headlamp
Range Control |
|
|
|
HSA |
|
|
|
Head
Side Airbag |
|
|
|
HSC |
|
|
|
High
Swirl Combustion |
|
|
|
HSCDS |
|
|
|
High-Sensitivity
Collision Detection System |
|
|
|
HSDI |
|
|
|
High-Speed
Direct Injection |
|
|
|
HSE |
|
|
|
High-Speed
Enrichment |
|
|
|
HSEA |
|
|
|
High
Solar Energy Absorbing (glass) |
|
|
|
HTCM |
|
|
|
Heating-ventilation-air-conditioning
Thermal Control Module |
|
|
|
HTR11 |
|
|
|
Bank
1 Upstream 02S Heater Control |
|
|
|
HTR11F |
|
|
|
Bank
1 Upstream 02S Heater Circuit Fault |
|
|
|
HTR12 |
|
|
|
Bank
1 Downstream O2S Heater Control |
|
|
|
HTR12F |
|
|
|
Bank
1 Downstream O2S Heater Circuit Fault |
|
|
|
HTR21 |
|
|
|
Bank
2 Upstream O2S Heater Control |
|
|
|
HTR21F |
|
|
|
Bank
1 Downstream O2S Heater Circuit Fault |
|
|
|
HTR22 |
|
|
|
Bank
2 Downstream 02S Heater Control |
|
|
|
HTR22F |
|
|
|
Bank
1 Downstream O2S Heater Circuit Fault |
|
|
|
HTRX1 |
|
|
|
02S
Upstream Heater Control |
|
|
|
HTRX2 |
|
|
|
O2S
Downstream Heater Control |
|
|
|
HUD |
|
|
|
Heads
Up Display |
|
|
|
HUD |
|
|
|
Heads
Up Display |
|
|
|
HVAC |
|
|
|
Heater-Vent-Air
Conditioning |
|
|
|
HVACM |
|
|
|
Heater-Vent-Air
Conditioning Module |
|
|
|
HVI |
|
|
|
High
Viscosity Index |
|
|
|
HVIL |
|
|
|
High
Voltage Interlock Loop |
|
|
|
HVM |
|
|
|
Heater
Vent Mondule |
|
|
|
HW |
|
|
|
Heated
Windshield |
|
|
|
HWFET |
|
|
|
Highway
Fuel Economy Test (driving schedule) |
|
|
|
HYPAS |
|
|
|
Hydraulic
Power Assisted Steering |
|
|
|
Hz |
|
|
|
Hertz |
|
|
|
IA |
|
|
|
Intake
Air |
|
|
|
IABM |
|
|
|
Integrated
AirBag Module |
|
|
|
IAC |
|
|
|
Idle
Air Control |
|
|
|
IAFM |
|
|
|
Integrated
Air Fuel Module |
|
|
|
IAFS |
|
|
|
Integrated
Air Fuel System |
|
|
|
IAT |
|
|
|
Intake
Air Temperature |
|
|
|
iATN |
|
|
|
International
Automotive Technicians Network |
|
|
|
IBOB |
|
|
|
Intelligent
BreakOut Box |
|
|
|
IC |
|
|
|
Ignition
Control |
|
|
|
IC |
|
|
|
Integrated
Circuit |
|
|
|
ICA |
|
|
|
Injector
Cam Actuation |
|
|
|
ICC |
|
|
|
Intelligent
Cruise Control |
|
|
|
ICCS |
|
|
|
Integrated
Chassis Control System |
|
|
|
ICDX |
|
|
|
Integrated
Compact Disc Changer |
|
|
|
ICE |
|
|
|
Internal
Combustion Engine |
|
|
|
ICM |
|
|
|
Ignition
Control Module |
|
|
|
ICP |
|
|
|
Injection
Control Pressure |
|
|
|
ICS |
|
|
|
Integrated
Chassis System |
|
|
|
ICWS |
|
|
|
Intersection
Collision Warning System |
|
|
|
ID |
|
|
|
Identification |
|
|
|
ID |
|
|
|
Inside
Diameter |
|
|
|
IDI |
|
|
|
Integrated
Direct Ignition |
|
|
|
IDIS |
|
|
|
International
Dismantling Information System |
|
|
|
IDM |
|
|
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Ignition
Diagnostic Module |
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|
IDM |
|
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|
Injector
Driver Module |
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|
IDS |
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|
Integrated
Diagnostic Software |
|
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|
IEDIS |
|
|
|
Integrated
Electronic Distributorless Ignition System |
|
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|
IFES |
|
|
|
Integrated
Front End System |
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|
IFI |
|
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|
Indirect
Diesel Injection |
|
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|
IFS |
|
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|
Inertia
Fuel Shutoff |
|
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|
IFSM |
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|
Integrated
Fuel System Module |
|
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|
IGN |
|
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Ignition |
|
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ILC |
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Idle
Load Compensator |
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ILEV |
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|
Inherently
Low Emission Vehicle |
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illum |
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Illumination |
|
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|
I/M |
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Inspection
Maintenance |
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IMA |
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Integrated
Motor Assist |
|
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IMDX |
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|
Integrated
Mini Disc Changer |
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IMLUT |
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|
Inspection/Maintenance
Look-Up Table |
|
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|
immo |
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Immobilizer |
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IMPR |
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In-use
Monitor Performance Ratio |
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IMRC |
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Intake
Manifold Runner Control |
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IMRC
F |
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Intake
Manifold Runner Control Fault YES/NO |
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IMRCM |
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Intake
Manifold Runner Control Monitor Input Bank 1 VOLTS |
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IMRCM2 |
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Intake
Manifold Runner Control Monitor Input Bank 2 VOLTS |
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IMS |
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Inductive
Magnetic Saturation |
|
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IMS |
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Instant
Mobility System |
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IMSC |
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Intake
Manifold Swirl Control |
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IMSC
F |
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Intake
Manifold Swirl Control Fault |
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IMT |
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Intake
Manifold Tuning |
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IMTD |
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Intake
Manifold Temperature Differential |
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IMTV |
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Intake
Manifold Tuning Valve Control % |
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IMTVF |
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Intake
Manifold Tuning Valve Fault |
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in |
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Inch(es) |
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inadv |
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Inadvertant |
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inc |
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|
Increment |
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INCA |
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In-Car
Aquisition |
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incand |
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Incandescent |
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infl |
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Inflatable |
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init |
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Initial |
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INJ |
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Injection |
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INJ |
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Injector |
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INJ1F-8F |
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Fuel
Injector Primary Fault Cylinders 1 thru 8 |
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INJ9F-lOF |
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Fuel
Injector Primary Fault Cylinders 9 and 10 |
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INP |
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Input |
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inst |
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Instant |
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int |
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Interior |
|
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INT |
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Integrator
(replaced with ST FUEL TRIM) |
|
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I/O |
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In/Out |
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IOC |
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Instant
Oil Change |
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I/P |
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Instrument
Panel |
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IPC |
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Instrument
Panel Cluster |
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IPEC |
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Instrument
Panel Electrical Center |
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IPM |
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Instrument
Panel Module |
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IPM |
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Integrated
Power Module |
|
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IPR |
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Injector
Pressure Regulator |
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IRDS |
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Independant
Rear Drive Suspension |
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IRQ |
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Interrupt
Request |
|
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IRS |
|
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Independant
Rear Suspension |
|
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ISA |
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Integrated
Starter-Alternator |
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ISAD |
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Integrated
Starter Alternator Damper |
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ISB |
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Interact
System B |
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ISC |
|
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Idle
Speed Control |
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ISG |
|
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Integrated
Starter-Generator |
|
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ISI |
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Ion
Sensing Ignition |
|
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ISO |
|
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Interior
Systems Optimization |
|
|
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ISO |
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International
Standards Organization |
|
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iso |
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Isolation |
|
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ISS |
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Input
Shaft Speed |
|
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ITARDA |
|
|
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Institute
for Traffic Acccident Research and Data Analysis |
|
|
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ITTB |
|
|
|
Idle
Time To Boil |
|
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ITTR |
|
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Inflatable
Tubular Torso Restraint |
|
|
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ITS |
|
|
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Idle
Tracking Switch |
|
|
|
IVC |
|
|
|
Integral
Vapour Canister |
|
|
|
IVCS |
|
|
|
Integrated
Vehicle Control System |
|
|
|
IVI |
|
|
|
Intelligent
Vehicle Initiative |
|
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IVIS |
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|
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In
Vehicle Information System |
|
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IVMS |
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|
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In
Vehicle Monitoring System |
|
|
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IVS |
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|
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Idle
Validation Switch |
|
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IVSC |
|
|
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Integrated
Vehicle Speed Control |
|
|
|
i-VTEC |
|
|
|
Intelligent
Variable (valve) Timing (and lift) Electronic Control |
|
|
|
IWC |
|
|
|
Inertia
Weight Class |
|
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JARI |
|
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Japan
Automotive Research Institute |
|
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JTEC |
|
|
|
Jeep,
Truck Engine Control |
|
|
|
JTEC |
|
|
|
Joint
Transmission-Engine Controller |
|
|
|
KAM |
|
|
|
Keep
Alive Memory |
|
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KAPWR |
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|
|
Keep
Alive power |
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|
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KDD |
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|
|
Keyboard
Display Driver |
|
|
|
kg |
|
|
|
Kilogram |
|
|
|
kg/h |
|
|
|
Kilograms
per Hour |
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|
|
kHz |
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|
Kilohertz |
|
|
|
km |
|
|
|
Kilometer |
|
|
|
km/h |
|
|
|
Kilometers
per Hour |
|
|
|
km/l |
|
|
|
Kilometers
per Litre |
|
|
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KOEO |
|
|
|
Key
On Engine Off |
|
|
|
KOER |
|
|
|
Key
On Engine Running |
|
|
|
kPa |
|
|
|
Kilopascal |
|
|
|
KS |
|
|
|
Knock
Sensor |
|
|
|
KS1
V |
|
|
|
Knock
Sensor Input Bank 1 VOLTS |
|
|
|
KS2
V |
|
|
|
Knock
Sensor Input Bank 2 VOLTS |
|
|
|
kV |
|
|
|
Kilovolts |
|
|
|
L |
|
|
|
Liter(s) |
|
|
|
L4 |
|
|
|
Four
Cylinder Inline Engine |
|
|
|
LATCH |
|
|
|
Lower
Anchors and Tethers for CHildren |
|
|
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LB |
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|
|
Long
Box, Long Bed |
|
|
|
LCD |
|
|
|
Liquid
Crystal Display |
|
|
|
LCM |
|
|
|
Lighting
Control Module |
|
|
|
LDAS |
|
|
|
Lane
Departure Avoidance System |
|
|
|
LDCL |
|
|
|
Left
Door Control Locking |
|
|
|
LDCM |
|
|
|
Left
Door Control Module |
|
|
|
LDDT |
|
|
|
Light
Duty Diesel Truck |
|
|
|
LDGT |
|
|
|
Light
Duty Gasoline (fueled) Truck |
|
|
|
LDM |
|
|
|
Lamp
Driver Module |
|
|
|
LDP |
|
|
|
Leak
Detection Pump |
|
|
|
LDR |
|
|
|
Low
Data Rate |
|
|
|
lduty |
|
|
|
Light
Duty |
|
|
|
LEADER |
|
|
|
Low
Emissions Advanced Engine Range |
|
|
|
LED |
|
|
|
Light
Emitting Diode |
|
|
|
LEP |
|
|
|
Light
Emitting Polymer |
|
|
|
LEV |
|
|
|
Low
Emissions Vehicle |
|
|
|
LF |
|
|
|
Left
Front |
|
|
|
LFC |
|
|
|
Lamp
Fault Code |
|
|
|
LFC |
|
|
|
Low
Fan Control |
|
|
|
LFCF |
|
|
|
Low
Speed Fan Control Fault |
|
|
|
LFWS |
|
|
|
Left
Front Wheel Speed |
|
|
|
LFCS |
|
|
|
Low
Flow Cooling System |
|
|
|
LFP |
|
|
|
Low
Fuel pump |
|
|
|
LGM |
|
|
|
Lift
Gate Module |
|
|
|
LH |
|
|
|
Left
Hand |
|
|
|
LIE |
|
|
|
Laterally
Inclined Engine |
|
|
|
L/M |
|
|
|
Litres
Per Minute |
|
|
|
lm |
|
|
|
Lumens |
|
|
|
LMD |
|
|
|
Left
Mid Door |
|
|
|
LNG |
|
|
|
Liquid
Natural Gas |
|
|
|
LO |
|
|
|
Low |
|
|
|
LOMA |
|
|
|
Lifter
Oil Manifold Assembly |
|
|
|
LONGFT1 |
|
|
|
Long
Term Fuel Trim Bank 1 % |
|
|
|
LONGFT2 |
|
|
|
Long
Term Fuel Trim Bank 2 % |
|
|
|
LOS |
|
|
|
Limited
Operation Strategy |
|
|
|
LPA |
|
|
|
Low
Pressure Accumulator |
|
|
|
LPG |
|
|
|
Liquified
Petroleum Gas |
|
|
|
LPM |
|
|
|
Litres
Per Minute |
|
|
|
LPO |
|
|
|
Limited
Production Option |
|
|
|
LPS |
|
|
|
Low
Pressure Sensor |
|
|
|
LR |
|
|
|
Left
Rear |
|
|
|
LR |
|
|
|
Loaded
Radius |
|
|
|
LRA |
|
|
|
Latching
Rocker Arm |
|
|
|
LRD |
|
|
|
Left
Rear Door |
|
|
|
lrn |
|
|
|
Learn |
|
|
|
LSD |
|
|
|
Limited
Slip Differential |
|
|
|
LSEGR |
|
|
|
Linear
Solenoid Exhaust Gas Recirculation |
|
|
|
LSP
and BV |
|
|
|
Load
Sensing Proportioning and Bypass Valve |
|
|
|
LSUV |
|
|
|
Luxury
Sport Utility Vehicle |
|
|
|
LT |
|
|
|
Left |
|
|
|
LT |
|
|
|
Long
Term (Fuel Trim) |
|
|
|
LTA |
|
|
|
Low
Temperature Aftercooling |
|
|
|
LTD |
|
|
|
Long-Travel
Dampened (clutch) |
|
|
|
LTPI |
|
|
|
Low
Tyre Pressure Indicator |
|
|
|
LTPWS |
|
|
|
Low
Tyre Pressure Warning System |
|
|
|
LUS |
|
|
|
Lock-Up
Solenoid (see TCC) |
|
|
|
LV8 |
|
|
|
Load
Variable 8 Cylinder |
|
|
|
LVDT |
|
|
|
Linear
Variable Differential Transducer |
|
|
|
LVL |
|
|
|
Level |
|
|
|
LWB |
|
|
|
Long
WheelBase (see LB) |
|
|
|
MAF |
|
|
|
Mass
Air Flow |
|
|
|
malf |
|
|
|
Malfunction |
|
|
|
MALL |
|
|
|
Multifunction
Alarm Lighting and Locking |
|
|
|
MAN |
|
|
|
Manufacturer |
|
|
|
MAP |
|
|
|
Manifold
Absolute Pressure |
|
|
|
Map |
|
|
|
Large
folded piece of colourful paper |
|
|
|
MAT |
|
|
|
Manifold
Air Temperature |
|
|
|
MC |
|
|
|
Measuring
Core |
|
|
|
MC |
|
|
|
Mixture
Control |
|
|
|
MCM |
|
|
|
Message
Center Module |
|
|
|
MCNU |
|
|
|
Multiband
Configurable Networking Units |
|
|
|
MCU |
|
|
|
Microprocessor
Control Unit |
|
|
|
MD |
|
|
|
Mini
Disc |
|
|
|
MD |
|
|
|
Modulated
Displacement |
|
|
|
MDP |
|
|
|
Manifold
Differential Pressure |
|
|
|
MDS(2) |
|
|
|
Mopar
Diagnostic System |
|
|
|
MDX |
|
|
|
Mini
Disc Changer |
|
|
|
MECS |
|
|
|
Mazda
Electronic Control System |
|
|
|
med |
|
|
|
Medium |
|
|
|
MEM |
|
|
|
Memory |
|
|
|
MEMCAL |
|
|
|
Memory
Calibration |
|
|
|
MFC |
|
|
|
Medium
Speed Fan Control ON/OFF |
|
|
|
MFCF |
|
|
|
Medium
Speed Fan Control Fault YES/NO |
|
|
|
MFI |
|
|
|
Multiport
Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
MFI |
|
|
|
Multi
Function Indicator |
|
|
|
MGMT |
|
|
|
Management |
|
|
|
MIC |
|
|
|
Mechanical
Instrument Cluster |
|
|
|
MID |
|
|
|
Midrange |
|
|
|
MID |
|
|
|
Monitor
Identification |
|
|
|
MIL |
|
|
|
Malfunction
Indicator Lamp |
|
|
|
MIN |
|
|
|
Minimum |
|
|
|
MIN |
|
|
|
Minute |
|
|
|
MIN |
|
|
|
Mobile
Identification Number |
|
|
|
MIP |
|
|
|
Mixer
Inlet Pressure |
|
|
|
ML |
|
|
|
Manual
Longitudinal |
|
|
|
MLP(s) |
|
|
|
Manual
Lever Position (sensor) |
|
|
|
mm |
|
|
|
Millimetre |
|
|
|
mm3 |
|
|
|
Cubic
Millimetre(s) |
|
|
|
MMC |
|
|
|
Manifold
Mounted Converter |
|
|
|
mmhg |
|
|
|
Millimeters
of mercury |
|
|
|
MMM |
|
|
|
Memory
Mirror Module |
|
|
|
MMT |
|
|
|
Methylcyclopentadienyl
Manganese Tricarbonyl |
|
|
|
mod |
|
|
|
Module |
|
|
|
mon |
|
|
|
Monitor |
|
|
|
MPa |
|
|
|
Megapascal |
|
|
|
MPFI |
|
|
|
Multiport
Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
ms |
|
|
|
Millisecond |
|
|
|
MSFF |
|
|
|
Miles
Since First Fail |
|
|
|
MSLF |
|
|
|
Miles
Since Last Fail |
|
|
|
MSM |
|
|
|
Memory
Seat Module |
|
|
|
MSO |
|
|
|
Mixed
Signal Oscilloscope |
|
|
|
MSRP |
|
|
|
Manufacturers
Suggested Retail Price |
|
|
|
MST |
|
|
|
Manifold
Surface Temperature |
|
|
|
MSVA |
|
|
|
Magnetic
Steering Variable Assist |
|
|
|
M/T |
|
|
|
Manual
Transmission/Transaxle |
|
|
|
MTBE |
|
|
|
Methyl
Tertiary Butyl Ether |
|
|
|
MTBF |
|
|
|
Mean
Time Between Failures |
|
|
|
MTV |
|
|
|
Manifold
Tuning Valve |
|
|
|
MV |
|
|
|
Megavolt |
|
|
|
mV |
|
|
|
Millivolt |
|
|
|
MVLPS |
|
|
|
Manual
Valve Lever Position Sensor |
|
|
|
MVSA |
|
|
|
Motor
Vehicle Safety Act |
|
|
|
MVSS |
|
|
|
Motor
Vehicle Safety Standards |
|
|
|
MY |
|
|
|
Model
Year |
|
|
|
NAAO |
|
|
|
North
American Automotive Operations |
|
|
|
NAES |
|
|
|
North
American Export Sales |
|
|
|
NAICC |
|
|
|
Navigation-Aided
Intelligent Cruise Control |
|
|
|
NATS |
|
|
|
Nissan
Anti-Theft System |
|
|
|
NC |
|
|
|
Normally
Closed |
|
|
|
NCAP |
|
|
|
New
Car Assessment Program |
|
|
|
NDH |
|
|
|
Navigation
Display Head |
|
|
|
NEG |
|
|
|
Negative |
|
|
|
NEU |
|
|
|
Neutral |
|
|
|
NFF |
|
|
|
No
Fault Found |
|
|
|
NG |
|
|
|
Natural
Gas |
|
|
|
NGS |
|
|
|
New
Generation STAR (Self Test Automatic Readout) |
|
|
|
NGSC |
|
|
|
Next
Generation Speed Control |
|
|
|
NGTP |
|
|
|
Next
Generation Telematics Protocol |
|
|
|
NGV |
|
|
|
Natural
Gas Vehicle |
|
|
|
NGV |
|
|
|
New
Generation Vehicle |
|
|
|
NGVM |
|
|
|
Natural
Gas Vehicle Module |
|
|
|
NHTSA |
|
|
|
National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration |
|
|
|
NI |
|
|
|
Neutral
Idle |
|
|
|
NiMH |
|
|
|
Nickel
Metal Hydride |
|
|
|
NLGI |
|
|
|
National
Lubricating Grease Institute |
|
|
|
N-m |
|
|
|
Newton
Meters |
|
|
|
NO |
|
|
|
Normally
Open |
|
|
|
NOx |
|
|
|
Nitrogen
Oxides |
|
|
|
NoVRAM |
|
|
|
Non
Volatile Random Access Memory |
|
|
|
NPF |
|
|
|
No
Problem Found |
|
|
|
NPTC |
|
|
|
National
Pipe Thread Coarse |
|
|
|
NPTF |
|
|
|
National
Pipe Thread Fine |
|
|
|
NSBU |
|
|
|
Neutral
Safety Back Up |
|
|
|
NV |
|
|
|
Night
Vision |
|
|
|
NVH |
|
|
|
Noise,
Vibration and Harshness |
|
|
|
NVLD |
|
|
|
Natural
Vacuum Leak Detection |
|
|
|
NVRAM |
|
|
|
Non
Volatile Random Access Memory |
|
|
|
NYCC |
|
|
|
New
York City Cycle |
|
|
|
O2 |
|
|
|
Oxygen |
|
|
|
O2S |
|
|
|
Oxygen
Sensor |
|
|
|
OAD |
|
|
|
Overrunning
Alternator Decoupler |
|
|
|
OAP |
|
|
|
Overrunning
Alternator Pulley |
|
|
|
OASIS |
|
|
|
Online
Automotive Service Information System |
|
|
|
OASIS |
|
|
|
Organization
for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards. |
|
|
|
OBD |
|
|
|
On
Board Diagnostics |
|
|
|
OBD
II |
|
|
|
On
Board Diagnostics, Generation 2 |
|
|
|
OC |
|
|
|
Oxidation
Catalyst Only |
|
|
|
OCC |
|
|
|
Output
Circuit Check |
|
|
|
OCR |
|
|
|
Oil
Control Ring |
|
|
|
OCS |
|
|
|
Occupant
Classification Sensor |
|
|
|
OCS |
|
|
|
Opportunity
Charge Station |
|
|
|
OD |
|
|
|
Outside
Diameter |
|
|
|
OD |
|
|
|
Overdrive |
|
|
|
ODM |
|
|
|
Output
Drive Module |
|
|
|
ODO |
|
|
|
Odometer |
|
|
|
OE |
|
|
|
Original
Equipment |
|
|
|
OEM |
|
|
|
Original
Equipment Manufacturer |
|
|
|
OHC |
|
|
|
Overhead
Camshaft |
|
|
|
OL |
|
|
|
Open
Loop |
|
|
|
OLED |
|
|
|
Organic
Light Emitting Diode |
|
|
|
OPR |
|
|
|
Over
Pressure Relief |
|
|
|
ORC |
|
|
|
Oxidation
Reduction Converter |
|
|
|
ORC |
|
|
|
Occupant
Restraint Controller |
|
|
|
ORVR |
|
|
|
On-board
Refueling Vapour Recovery |
|
|
|
OSC |
|
|
|
Output
State Check |
|
|
|
OSC |
|
|
|
Output
State Control |
|
|
|
OSGI |
|
|
|
Open-Service
Gateway Interface |
|
|
|
OSS |
|
|
|
Output
Shaft Speed |
|
|
|
OTC |
|
|
|
Overhead
Trip Computer |
|
|
|
OTIS |
|
|
|
Overhead
Travel Information System |
|
|
|
OTM |
|
|
|
Output
Test Monitor |
|
|
|
PAB |
|
|
|
Passenger
Air Bag |
|
|
|
PADS |
|
|
|
Passenger
Airbag Disarm Switch |
|
|
|
PAG |
|
|
|
Polyalkylene
Glycol |
|
|
|
PAG |
|
|
|
(Ford)
Premier Automotive Group |
|
|
|
PAIR |
|
|
|
Pulsed
Secondary Air Injection |
|
|
|
PASE |
|
|
|
PAssive
Start and Entry system |
|
|
|
PASM |
|
|
|
Porche
Active Steering Management |
|
|
|
PASS |
|
|
|
Passenger |
|
|
|
PASS |
|
|
|
Personalized
Automotive Security System |
|
|
|
PATS |
|
|
|
Passive
Anti-Theft System |
|
|
|
PB |
|
|
|
Power
Brakes |
|
|
|
PC |
|
|
|
Pressure
Control |
|
|
|
PCB |
|
|
|
Printed
Circuit Board |
|
|
|
PCI |
|
|
|
Programmable
Communications Interface |
|
|
|
PCI |
|
|
|
Programmable
Controller Interface |
|
|
|
PCM |
|
|
|
Power
Control Module |
|
|
|
PCM |
|
|
|
Powertrain
Control Module |
|
|
|
PCS |
|
|
|
Pre-Crash
Sensor |
|
|
|
PCS |
|
|
|
Pressure
Control Solenoid |
|
|
|
PCV |
|
|
|
Positive
Crankcase Ventilation |
|
|
|
PDC |
|
|
|
Park
Distance Control |
|
|
|
PDC |
|
|
|
Parts
Distribution Center |
|
|
|
PDC |
|
|
|
Power
Distribution Center |
|
|
|
PDS |
|
|
|
Passenger
Door Switch |
|
|
|
PDS |
|
|
|
Portable
Diagnostic Software |
|
|
|
PDV |
|
|
|
Parcel
Delivery Van |
|
|
|
PEB |
|
|
|
Power
Electronics Bay |
|
|
|
PEM |
|
|
|
Proton
Electric Membrane |
|
|
|
PEMFC |
|
|
|
Proton
Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell |
|
|
|
PEP |
|
|
|
Peripheral
Expansion Port |
|
|
|
PFE |
|
|
|
Pressure
Feedback EGR |
|
|
|
PFI |
|
|
|
Port
Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
PFM |
|
|
|
PDS
File Manager |
|
|
|
PFS |
|
|
|
Purge
Flow Sensor |
|
|
|
PHEV |
|
|
|
Plug-in
Hybrid Electric Vehicle |
|
|
|
PHT |
|
|
|
Parallel
Hybrid Truck |
|
|
|
PID |
|
|
|
Parameter
Identification |
|
|
|
PIM |
|
|
|
Power
Inverter Module |
|
|
|
PIP |
|
|
|
Profile
Ignition Pickup (replaced with CKP) |
|
|
|
PKE |
|
|
|
Passive
Keyless Entry |
|
|
|
PLL |
|
|
|
Phase
Locked Loop |
|
|
|
PM |
|
|
|
Permanent
Magnet |
|
|
|
PMD |
|
|
|
Pump
Mounted Driver |
|
|
|
PMV |
|
|
|
Pressure
Modulator Valve |
|
|
|
P/N |
|
|
|
Part
Number |
|
|
|
PNP |
|
|
|
Park/Neutral
Position |
|
|
|
POA |
|
|
|
Pilot
Operated Absolute |
|
|
|
pos |
|
|
|
Position |
|
|
|
POS |
|
|
|
Positive |
|
|
|
POT |
|
|
|
Potentiometer |
|
|
|
P-PC |
|
|
|
Pocket
Personal Computer |
|
|
|
ppm |
|
|
|
Parts
Per Million |
|
|
|
PPS |
|
|
|
Passenger
Presence Sensor |
|
|
|
PRNDL |
|
|
|
Park
Reverse Neutral Drive Low |
|
|
|
PROM |
|
|
|
Programmable
Read Only Memory |
|
|
|
PROX |
|
|
|
PReferential
OXidation |
|
|
|
PS |
|
|
|
Power
Steering |
|
|
|
PSA |
|
|
|
Pressure
Switch Assembly |
|
|
|
PSCM |
|
|
|
Passenger
Seat Control Module |
|
|
|
PSCM |
|
|
|
Power
Steering Control Module |
|
|
|
PSD |
|
|
|
Power
Sliding Door |
|
|
|
psgr |
|
|
|
Passenger |
|
|
|
psi |
|
|
|
Pounds
Per Square Inch |
|
|
|
psia |
|
|
|
Pounds
Per Square Inch Absolute |
|
|
|
psig |
|
|
|
Pounds
Per Square Inch Gauge |
|
|
|
PSIR |
|
|
|
Passenger
Supplemental Inflatable Restraint |
|
|
|
PSM |
|
|
|
Passenger
Seat Module |
|
|
|
PSOM |
|
|
|
Programmable
Speedometer/Odometer Module |
|
|
|
PSP |
|
|
|
Power
Steering Pressure |
|
|
|
PSV |
|
|
|
Public
Service Vehicle |
|
|
|
PTC |
|
|
|
Pending
Trouble Code |
|
|
|
PTC |
|
|
|
Positive
Temperature Coefficient |
|
|
|
PTO |
|
|
|
Power
Takeoff |
|
|
|
PTOX |
|
|
|
Periodic
Trap Oxidizer |
|
|
|
PTU |
|
|
|
Part
Throttle Unlock |
|
|
|
PWM |
|
|
|
Pulse
Width Modulation |
|
|
|
PWR |
|
|
|
Power |
|
|
|
PZEV |
|
|
|
Partial
Zero Emision Vehicle |
|
|
|
PZM |
|
|
|
Platform
Zone Module |
|
|
|
QDM |
|
|
|
Quad
Driver Module |
|
|
|
QDR |
|
|
|
Quality,
Durability, Reliability |
|
|
|
QVM |
|
|
|
Qualified
Vehicle Modifier |
|
|
|
R/A |
|
|
|
Resume
or Accelerate |
|
|
|
RABS |
|
|
|
Rear
Antilock Brake System |
|
|
|
RAC |
|
|
|
Remote
Accessory Controller |
|
|
|
RAM |
|
|
|
Random
Access Memory |
|
|
|
RAM |
|
|
|
Ride
Air Module |
|
|
|
RAM |
|
|
|
Remote
Anti-theft Module |
|
|
|
RAP |
|
|
|
Retained
Access Power |
|
|
|
RAV |
|
|
|
Remote
Activation Verification |
|
|
|
RBC |
|
|
|
Rotary
Blade Coupling |
|
|
|
RCC |
|
|
|
Rear
Climate Control |
|
|
|
RCC |
|
|
|
Remote
Climate Control |
|
|
|
RCM |
|
|
|
Restraint
Control Module |
|
|
|
RCDLR |
|
|
|
Remote
Control Door Lock Receiver |
|
|
|
RDCM |
|
|
|
Right
Door Control Module |
|
|
|
RDM |
|
|
|
Rear
Door Module |
|
|
|
RDS |
|
|
|
Radio
(broadcast) Data System |
|
|
|
RDS |
|
|
|
Radio
Display System |
|
|
|
rec |
|
|
|
Receive |
|
|
|
recal |
|
|
|
Recalibrate,
Recalibration |
|
|
|
RECIS |
|
|
|
Remote
Entry Control and Immobilizer System |
|
|
|
REDOX |
|
|
|
Reduction
Oxidation Catalytic Converter |
|
|
|
REEGR |
|
|
|
Rotary
Electric EGR |
|
|
|
REF |
|
|
|
Reference |
|
|
|
RESC |
|
|
|
Remote
Emergency Satellite Unit |
|
|
|
REX |
|
|
|
Rear
Exchanger |
|
|
|
RF |
|
|
|
Radio
Frequency |
|
|
|
RF |
|
|
|
Right
Front |
|
|
|
RFA |
|
|
|
Remote
Function Actuator |
|
|
|
RFF |
|
|
|
Roller
Finger Followers |
|
|
|
RFI |
|
|
|
Radio
Frequency Interference |
|
|
|
RFID |
|
|
|
Radio
Frequency Identification |
|
|
|
RFWS |
|
|
|
Right
Front Wheel Speed |
|
|
|
RH |
|
|
|
Right
Hand |
|
|
|
RIM |
|
|
|
Radio
Interface Module |
|
|
|
RIM |
|
|
|
Rear
Integration Module |
|
|
|
RKE |
|
|
|
Remote
Keyless Entry |
|
|
|
Rly |
|
|
|
Relay |
|
|
|
RM |
|
|
|
Relay
Module |
|
|
|
RMD |
|
|
|
Right
Mid Door |
|
|
|
ROM |
|
|
|
Read
Only Memory |
|
|
|
RPA |
|
|
|
Rear
Parking Assist |
|
|
|
RPM |
|
|
|
Remote
Power Module |
|
|
|
RPM |
|
|
|
Revolutions
Per Minute |
|
|
|
RPO |
|
|
|
Regular
Production Option |
|
|
|
R&R |
|
|
|
Remove
and Replace |
|
|
|
RR |
|
|
|
Right
Rear |
|
|
|
RRD |
|
|
|
Right
Rear Door |
|
|
|
RSA |
|
|
|
Rear
Seat Audio |
|
|
|
RSC |
|
|
|
Roll
Stability Control |
|
|
|
RSE |
|
|
|
Roadside
Equipment |
|
|
|
RSS |
|
|
|
Reverse
Sensing System |
|
|
|
RSS |
|
|
|
Road
Sensing Suspension |
|
|
|
R/T |
|
|
|
Road/Track |
|
|
|
RT |
|
|
|
Right |
|
|
|
RTC |
|
|
|
Real-Time
Clock |
|
|
|
RTD |
|
|
|
Real
Time Dampening |
|
|
|
RTN |
|
|
|
Return |
|
|
|
RTT |
|
|
|
Reconfigurable
Telltale |
|
|
|
RTTP |
|
|
|
Rotunda
Technician Tool Program |
|
|
|
RTV |
|
|
|
Room
Temperature Vulcanizing |
|
|
|
RV |
|
|
|
Recreational
Vehicle |
|
|
|
RVAC |
|
|
|
Rear
Video/Audi/HVAC Module |
|
|
|
RVP |
|
|
|
Reid
Vapour Pressure |
|
|
|
RWAL |
|
|
|
Rear
Wheel Anti-lock |
|
|
|
RWD |
|
|
|
Rear
Wheel Drive |
|
|
|
RWS |
|
|
|
Rear-Wheel
Steer |
|
|
|
S4WD |
|
|
|
Selectable
Four Wheel Drive |
|
|
|
SAE |
|
|
|
Society
of Automotive Engineers |
|
|
|
SAF |
|
|
|
Stabilized
Aluminum Foam |
|
|
|
SAS |
|
|
|
Side
Auxiliary Sensor |
|
|
|
SATC |
|
|
|
Semi-Auto
Temperature Control module |
|
|
|
SAVDAS |
|
|
|
Stand-Alone
Vehicle Data Aquisition System |
|
|
|
SAW |
|
|
|
Spark
Angle Word |
|
|
|
SB |
|
|
|
Short
Box, Short Bed |
|
|
|
SBDS |
|
|
|
Service
Bay Diagnostic System |
|
|
|
SBEC |
|
|
|
Single
Board Engine Controller (replaced with PCM) |
|
|
|
SBM |
|
|
|
Standard
Body Module |
|
|
|
SBS |
|
|
|
Supercharger
Bypass Solenoid |
|
|
|
SBT |
|
|
|
Serial
Bus Traveller |
|
|
|
SC |
|
|
|
Supercharger |
|
|
|
SCA |
|
|
|
Supplemental
Coolant Additive |
|
|
|
SCB |
|
|
|
Supercharger
Bypass |
|
|
|
SCCA |
|
|
|
Sports
Car Club of America |
|
|
|
SCI |
|
|
|
Serial
Communications Interface |
|
|
|
SCIL |
|
|
|
Steering
Column/Instrument panel Lighting |
|
|
|
SCM |
|
|
|
Seat
Control Module |
|
|
|
SCP |
|
|
|
Standard
Corporate Protocol |
|
|
|
SCS |
|
|
|
Side
Crash Sensor |
|
|
|
SCTM |
|
|
|
Seatbelt
Timer Control Module |
|
|
|
SCV |
|
|
|
Speed
Controlled Volume |
|
|
|
SDARS |
|
|
|
Satellite
Digital Audio Radio System |
|
|
|
SDL |
|
|
|
Serial
Data Link |
|
|
|
SDM |
|
|
|
Sensing
and Diagnostic Module |
|
|
|
SDRS |
|
|
|
Satellite
Digital Receiver System |
|
|
|
SDS |
|
|
|
Satellite
Discriminating Sensor |
|
|
|
SDS |
|
|
|
Shock
Dampening System |
|
|
|
SDV |
|
|
|
Spark
Delay Valve |
|
|
|
SEFI |
|
|
|
Sequential
Electronic Fuel Injection (replaced with SFI) |
|
|
|
SEMA |
|
|
|
Specialty
Equipment Market Association |
|
|
|
SEO |
|
|
|
Special
Equipment Option |
|
|
|
SES |
|
|
|
Service
Engine Soon (replaced with MIL) |
|
|
|
SFI |
|
|
|
Sequential
(multiport) Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
SGCM |
|
|
|
Starter/Generator
Control Module |
|
|
|
SHO |
|
|
|
Super
High Output |
|
|
|
SI |
|
|
|
System
International |
|
|
|
SIAB |
|
|
|
Side
Impact Air Bag |
|
|
|
SIACM |
|
|
|
Side
Impact Air Bag Control Module |
|
|
|
SIG
RTN |
|
|
|
Signal
Return |
|
|
|
SIL |
|
|
|
Shift
Indicator Lamp |
|
|
|
SIR |
|
|
|
Supplemental
Inflatable Restraint |
|
|
|
SIS |
|
|
|
Side
Impact Sensor |
|
|
|
SKIM |
|
|
|
Sentry
Key Imobilizer Module |
|
|
|
SLB |
|
|
|
Smart
Junction Box |
|
|
|
SLA |
|
|
|
Short/Long
Arm suspension |
|
|
|
SMCC |
|
|
|
Stepper
Motor Cruise Control |
|
|
|
SMEC |
|
|
|
Single
Module Engine Controller (replaced with PCM) |
|
|
|
SMPI |
|
|
|
Sequential
Multi-Port Injection |
|
|
|
SNSR |
|
|
|
Sensor |
|
|
|
SO2 |
|
|
|
Sulphur
Dioxide |
|
|
|
SOC |
|
|
|
State
Of Charge |
|
|
|
SOD |
|
|
|
Side
Object Detection |
|
|
|
SOH |
|
|
|
State
of Health |
|
|
|
sol |
|
|
|
Solenoid |
|
|
|
S/P |
|
|
|
Series/Parallel |
|
|
|
SP |
|
|
|
Splice
Pack |
|
|
|
SPD |
|
|
|
Speed |
|
|
|
SPI |
|
|
|
Serial
Peripheral Interface |
|
|
|
SPL |
|
|
|
Smoke
Puff Limiter |
|
|
|
SPS |
|
|
|
Service
Programming System |
|
|
|
SPS |
|
|
|
Speed
Signal |
|
|
|
SPO |
|
|
|
Service
Parts Operations |
|
|
|
SPOUT |
|
|
|
Spark
Output |
|
|
|
SPRK_ACT |
|
|
|
Spark
Advance Actual |
|
|
|
SPS |
|
|
|
Service
Programming System |
|
|
|
SRC |
|
|
|
Selective
Ride Control |
|
|
|
SRG |
|
|
|
Solar-Reflective
Glass |
|
|
|
SRI |
|
|
|
Service
Reminder Indicator |
|
|
|
SRI |
|
|
|
Short
Ram Intake |
|
|
|
SrPP |
|
|
|
Self-reinforced
PolyPropylene |
|
|
|
SRS |
|
|
|
Supplemental
Restraint System |
|
|
|
SRW |
|
|
|
Single
Rear Wheel |
|
|
|
SS |
|
|
|
Shift
Solenoid |
|
|
|
SS |
|
|
|
Speed
Signal |
|
|
|
SSM |
|
|
|
Suspension
Steering Module |
|
|
|
SSS |
|
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|
Speed
Sensitive Steering |
|
|
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SSV |
|
|
|
Shift
Solenoid Valve |
|
|
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ST |
|
|
|
Scan
Tool |
|
|
|
ST |
|
|
|
Short
Term (Fuel Trim) |
|
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|
STAR |
|
|
|
Self
Test Automatic Readout (tester) |
|
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|
STAR |
|
|
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Stolen
Auto Recovery System |
|
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STC |
|
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Snap
To Connect |
|
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STC |
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Step
Timing Control |
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stdby |
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Standby |
|
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STI |
|
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Self
Test Input |
|
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STID |
|
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Station
Identification |
|
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STL |
|
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Service
Transmission Lamp |
|
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|
STO |
|
|
|
Self
Test Output |
|
|
|
STS |
|
|
|
Service
Technicians Society |
|
|
|
SULEV |
|
|
|
Super
Ultra Low Emission Vehicle |
|
|
|
SUV |
|
|
|
Sport
Utility Vehicle |
|
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|
SVO |
|
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|
Straight
Vegetable Oil |
|
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SVS |
|
|
|
Service
Vehicle Soon |
|
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SVT |
|
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Special
Vehicle Team |
|
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S/W |
|
|
|
Software |
|
|
|
sw |
|
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Switch |
|
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SWB |
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|
Short
WheelBase (see SB) |
|
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SWC |
|
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|
Steering
Wheel Controls |
|
|
|
SWPS |
|
|
|
Steering
Wheel Position Sensor |
|
|
|
SWS |
|
|
|
SideWall
tension Sensor |
|
|
|
SXR |
|
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Send
and Receive |
|
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|
syn |
|
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Synchronize |
|
|
|
sys |
|
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|
System |
|
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TAB |
|
|
|
Thermactor
Air Bypass (replaced with AIRB) |
|
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TAC |
|
|
|
Throttle
Actuator Control |
|
|
|
TACH |
|
|
|
Tachometer |
|
|
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TACM |
|
|
|
Throttle
Actuator Control Module |
|
|
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TAD |
|
|
|
Thermactor
Air Divert (replaced with AIRD) |
|
|
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TAP |
|
|
|
Transmission
Adaptive Pressure |
|
|
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TAS |
|
|
|
Trap
Alert System |
|
|
|
TB |
|
|
|
Throttle
Body |
|
|
|
TBC |
|
|
|
Truck
Body Controller (or Computer) |
|
|
|
TBI |
|
|
|
Throttle
Body Fuel Injection |
|
|
|
TC |
|
|
|
Transmission
Control |
|
|
|
TC |
|
|
|
Turbocharger |
|
|
|
TCC |
|
|
|
Torque
Converter Clutch |
|
|
|
TCCS |
|
|
|
Toyota
Computer Controlled System |
|
|
|
TCIL |
|
|
|
Transmission
Control Indicator Lamp |
|
|
|
TCM |
|
|
|
Transmission
Control Module |
|
|
|
TCS |
|
|
|
Traction
Control System |
|
|
|
TCS |
|
|
|
Transmission
Control Switch |
|
|
|
TDC |
|
|
|
Top
Dead Center |
|
|
|
TDI |
|
|
|
Toyota
Direct Ignition |
|
|
|
TED |
|
|
|
Thermo
Electric Device |
|
|
|
tele |
|
|
|
Telescope |
|
|
|
TEMP |
|
|
|
Temperature |
|
|
|
TFI |
|
|
|
Thick
Film Integrated (replaced with DI) |
|
|
|
TFP |
|
|
|
Transmission
Fluid Pressure |
|
|
|
TFT |
|
|
|
Transmission
Fluid Temperature |
|
|
|
TGS |
|
|
|
Top
Gear Switch |
|
|
|
THEMIS |
|
|
|
Thermal
Management Intelligent System |
|
|
|
THM |
|
|
|
Turbo
Hydra-Matic |
|
|
|
THS |
|
|
|
Transmission
Hydraulic Switch |
|
|
|
TID |
|
|
|
Test
Identification |
|
|
|
TIIS |
|
|
|
Thermal
Imaging Inspection Station |
|
|
|
TIM |
|
|
|
Tyre
Inflation Module |
|
|
|
TIM |
|
|
|
Tyre
Inflation Monitor |
|
|
|
TIS |
|
|
|
Techline
Information System |
|
|
|
TOC |
|
|
|
Transmission
Oil Cooler |
|
|
|
torq |
|
|
|
Torque |
|
|
|
TOT |
|
|
|
Transmission
Oil Temperature |
|
|
|
TP |
|
|
|
Throttle
Position |
|
|
|
TPA |
|
|
|
Terminal
Positive Assurance |
|
|
|
TPI |
|
|
|
Tuned
Port Injection |
|
|
|
TPMS |
|
|
|
Tyre
Pressure Monitor System |
|
|
|
TPS |
|
|
|
Throttle
Position Sensor |
|
|
|
TR |
|
|
|
Transmission
Range |
|
|
|
T-RAC |
|
|
|
Trailer
Rotating Air Chamber |
|
|
|
trans |
|
|
|
Transmission/Transaxle |
|
|
|
TRDU |
|
|
|
Trailer
Remote Diagnostic Unit |
|
|
|
TRS |
|
|
|
Transmission
Range Sensor |
|
|
|
TSA |
|
|
|
Thorax
Side Airbag |
|
|
|
TSB |
|
|
|
Technical
Service Bulletin |
|
|
|
TSI |
|
|
|
Two
Speed Idle |
|
|
|
TSS |
|
|
|
Transmission
Speed Sensor |
|
|
|
TSS |
|
|
|
Turbine
Shaft Speed |
|
|
|
TT |
|
|
|
Telltale
Lamp |
|
|
|
TTM |
|
|
|
Tilt
and Telescope Module |
|
|
|
TTS |
|
|
|
Transmission
Temperature Switch (replaced with TOT) |
|
|
|
TV |
|
|
|
Television |
|
|
|
TV |
|
|
|
Throttle
Valve |
|
|
|
TVAM |
|
|
|
Televison
Antenna Module |
|
|
|
TVR |
|
|
|
Turbine
Vane Regulator |
|
|
|
TVRS |
|
|
|
Television
and Radio Suppression |
|
|
|
TVS |
|
|
|
Thermal
Vacuum Switch |
|
|
|
TVV |
|
|
|
Thermal
Vacuum Valve |
|
|
|
TWC |
|
|
|
Three
Way Catalyst |
|
|
|
TWC+OC |
|
|
|
Three
Way Catalyst + Oxidation Catalyst |
|
|
|
twtr |
|
|
|
Tweeter |
|
|
|
TXV |
|
|
|
Thermal
Expansion Valve |
|
|
|
UASID |
|
|
|
Units
And Scaling Identification |
|
|
|
UART |
|
|
|
Universal
Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter |
|
|
|
UD |
|
|
|
Underdrive |
|
|
|
UDDS |
|
|
|
Urban
Dynamometer Driving Schedule |
|
|
|
U/H |
|
|
|
Underhood |
|
|
|
U/HEC |
|
|
|
Underhood
Electrical Center |
|
|
|
UIDI |
|
|
|
Up-Integrated
Direct Ignition |
|
|
|
ULEV |
|
|
|
Ultra
Low Emissions Vehicle |
|
|
|
ULSD |
|
|
|
Ultra
Low Sulphur Diesel |
|
|
|
UMTS |
|
|
|
Universal
Mobile Telecommunications System |
|
|
|
unlk |
|
|
|
Unlock |
|
|
|
USCAR |
|
|
|
United
States Council for Automotive Research |
|
|
|
UTD |
|
|
|
Universal
Theft Deterrent |
|
|
|
UTQG |
|
|
|
Uniform
Tyre Quality Grading |
|
|
|
V |
|
|
|
Volts |
|
|
|
V2G |
|
|
|
Vehicle
to Grid |
|
|
|
VAC |
|
|
|
Vacuum |
|
|
|
VAC |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Access Code |
|
|
|
VACS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Access Control System |
|
|
|
VAF |
|
|
|
Vane
Air Flow |
|
|
|
VAF |
|
|
|
Volume
Air Flow |
|
|
|
VAPS |
|
|
|
Variable
Assist Power Steering |
|
|
|
VAPS |
|
|
|
Virtual
Automotive Prototyping System |
|
|
|
VASCO |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Application-Specific Computer |
|
|
|
VAT |
|
|
|
Vane
Air Temperature (replaced with IAT) |
|
|
|
VAT |
|
|
|
Visual
Authoring Tool |
|
|
|
VATS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
AntiTheft System |
|
|
|
VB |
|
|
|
Valve
body |
|
|
|
VCC |
|
|
|
Viscous
Converter Clutch |
|
|
|
VCI |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Communication Interface |
|
|
|
VCIM |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Communication Interface Mode |
|
|
|
VCL |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Communication Link |
|
|
|
VCM |
|
|
|
Variable
Cylinder Management |
|
|
|
VCM |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Communication Module |
|
|
|
VCM |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Control Module |
|
|
|
VCRM |
|
|
|
Variable
Control Relay Module |
|
|
|
VCT |
|
|
|
Variable
Camshaft Timing |
|
|
|
VDCS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Dynamics Control System |
|
|
|
V
dif |
|
|
|
Voltage
Difference |
|
|
|
VDIS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Diagnostic Information System |
|
|
|
VDM |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Dynamics Module |
|
|
|
VDM |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Dynamics Monitor |
|
|
|
VDOT |
|
|
|
Variable
Displacement Orifice Tube |
|
|
|
VDP |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Dynamics Processor |
|
|
|
VDR |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Data Recorder |
|
|
|
VDR |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Dealer Recorder |
|
|
|
VDS |
|
|
|
Valve
Deactivation System |
|
|
|
VDV |
|
|
|
Vacuum
Delay Valve |
|
|
|
VECI |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Emission Control Information |
|
|
|
VEDR |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Event Data Recorder |
|
|
|
veh |
|
|
|
Vehicle |
|
|
|
vel |
|
|
|
Velocity |
|
|
|
ver |
|
|
|
Version |
|
|
|
vert |
|
|
|
Vertical |
|
|
|
VES |
|
|
|
Variable
Effort Steering |
|
|
|
VF |
|
|
|
Vacuum
Flourescent |
|
|
|
VGT |
|
|
|
Variable
Geometry Turbocharger |
|
|
|
VIC |
|
|
|
Virtual
Image Cluster module |
|
|
|
VICS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Information Communication System |
|
|
|
VIIC |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Infrastructure Integration Consortium |
|
|
|
VIN |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Identification Number |
|
|
|
VIP |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Intrusion Protection |
|
|
|
VIU |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Interface Unit |
|
|
|
VLCM |
|
|
|
Variable
Load Control Module |
|
|
|
VLR |
|
|
|
Voltage
Loop Reserve |
|
|
|
vlv |
|
|
|
Valve |
|
|
|
VMM |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Measurement Module |
|
|
|
VMRS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Maintenance Reporting System |
|
|
|
VMV |
|
|
|
Vacuum
Modulator Valve |
|
|
|
VMV |
|
|
|
Vapour
Management Valve |
|
|
|
VNT |
|
|
|
Variable
Nozzle Turbine |
|
|
|
VNT |
|
|
|
Variable
Nozzle Turbocharger |
|
|
|
VOTM |
|
|
|
Vacuum
Operated Throttle Modulator |
|
|
|
VPWR |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Power |
|
|
|
VR |
|
|
|
Vacuum
Regulator |
|
|
|
VREF |
|
|
|
Voltage
Reference |
|
|
|
VRLA |
|
|
|
Valve
Regulated Lead Acid |
|
|
|
VRV |
|
|
|
Vacuum
Reducer Valve |
|
|
|
VRIS |
|
|
|
Variable
Resonance Induction System |
|
|
|
VS |
|
|
|
Variable
Speed |
|
|
|
VSC |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Stability Control |
|
|
|
VSES |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Stability Enhancement System |
|
|
|
vspd |
|
|
|
Vehicle
speed |
|
|
|
VSS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Speed Sensor |
|
|
|
VSV |
|
|
|
Vacuum
Solenoid Valve |
|
|
|
VTA |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Theft Alarm |
|
|
|
VTD |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Theft Deterrent |
|
|
|
VTEC |
|
|
|
Variable
(valve) Timing (and lift) Electronic Control |
|
|
|
VTSS |
|
|
|
Vehicle
Theft Security System |
|
|
|
VVT-i |
|
|
|
Variable
Valve Timing with Intelligence |
|
|
|
VVTL-i |
|
|
|
Variable
Valve Timing and Lift with Intelligence |
|
|
|
w/ |
|
|
|
With |
|
|
|
WAC |
|
|
|
Wide
Open Throttle A/C Cutoff |
|
|
|
warn |
|
|
|
Warning |
|
|
|
W/B |
|
|
|
Wheelbase |
|
|
|
WCF |
|
|
|
Wireless
Communication Framework |
|
|
|
WDS |
|
|
|
Workbay
Diagnostic System |
|
|
|
WDS |
|
|
|
Worldwide
Diagnostic System |
|
|
|
WGC |
|
|
|
Wastegate
Control |
|
|
|
WHL |
|
|
|
Wheel |
|
|
|
WIF |
|
|
|
Water
In Fuel (sensor) |
|
|
|
w/o |
|
|
|
Without |
|
|
|
WOT |
|
|
|
Wide
Open Throttle |
|
|
|
W/P |
|
|
|
Water
Pump |
|
|
|
WSM |
|
|
|
WorkShop
Manual |
|
|
|
WSS |
|
|
|
Wheel
Speed Sensor |
|
|
|
WU-OC |
|
|
|
Warmup
Catalyst with Oxidation Catalyst |
|
|
|
WU-TWC |
|
|
|
Warmup
Catalyst with Three Way Catalyst |
|
|
|
WVO |
|
|
|
Waste
Vegetable Oil |
|
|
|
WVVWS |
|
|
|
Wireless
Vehicle to Vehicle Warning System |
|
|
|
X-valve |
|
|
|
Expansion
Valve |
|
|
|
xVDS |
|
|
|
Extended
Vehicle Diagnostic System |
|
|
|
ZEV |
|
|
|
Zero
Emission Vehicle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|